Abstract:
:Eight healthy male volunteers received 1 g of either ceftazidime or cefamandole as an intravenous infection. Serial blood samples were taken over the next 8 h. Urine samples were collected over 24 h. Levels of these antibiotics were measured in the fluid of blisters resulting from application of cantharides. The concentration of ceftazidime in serum at 0.25 h after intravenous injection was 83.3 micrograms/ml. The serum half-lives for the respective drugs were 1.8 and 0.8 h. The mean apparent volume of distribution of ceftazidime (13.6 liters) was greater than that of cefamandole (9.8 liters). Plasma clearance was 111 ml/min for ceftazidime and 216 ml/min for cefamandole. The maximum blister fluid concentration of ceftazidime was 45.9 micrograms/ml, and that of cefamandole was 22.1 micrograms/ml. The relative availability of each drug in blister fluid compared with serum was similar.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Armstrong GC,Wise R,Brown RM,Hancox Jdoi
10.1128/aac.20.3.356subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-09-01 00:00:00pages
356-8issue
3eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Magainins are novel polycationic peptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, including activity against gram-negative bacteria. Gram-negative bacteremia can elicit endotoxic shock that is associated with the increased formation of eicosanoids. Inhibition of eicosanoid synthesis has been shown to improve the o...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.37.3.393
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hospital patients. Moreover, increased incidences of outpatient MRSA have been recently reported. This study investigated the bactericidal activity of dalbavancin, a novel, semisynthetic glycopepti...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.48.4.1118-1123.2004
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conjugative transfer of R plasmids R64 and R64drd-11 has been compared in vitro and in vivo without selective pressure by antibiotics in a simplified experimental system; the ecosystem was the bowel of germfree chickens, with the host bacteria almost isogenic, and the plasmids differing only in their conjugative trans...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.17.3.327
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The therapeutic effect of intranasally administered enviroxime was tested against naturally occurring common colds. The double-blind evaluation was carried out in Tecumseh, Mich., during a period when rhinoviruses are usually the principal pathogen. Rhinovirus transmission followed the typical pattern during this peri...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/aac.27.1.102
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An innovative liposomal formulation of meglumine antimoniate (LMA) was recently reported to promote both long-term parasite suppression and reduction of infectivity to sand flies in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis. However, 5 months after treatment, parasites were still found in the bone marrow of all treated dogs. I...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00208-12
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treating malaria in HIV-coinfected individuals should consider potential drug-drug interactions. Artemether-lumefantrine is the most widely recommended treatment for uncomplicated malaria globally. Lumefantrine is metabolized by CYP3A4, an enzyme that commonly used antiretrovirals often induce or inhibit. A population...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02394-19
更新日期:2020-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the influences of antimicrobial agents on the colonization of the respiratory tract and infection with Enterococcus faecalis in intensive care unit (ICU) patients receiving mechanical respiration for at least 3 days. In a matched-cohort analysis, patients receiving topical antimicrobial prophylaxis (TAP) of...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.39.12.2783
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caspofungin acetate is an antifungal antibiotic that inhibits synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an essential component of the fungal cell wall. While caspofungin causes cell death in yeasts and dimorphic fungi such as Candida albicans, its effect on Aspergillus fumigatus is less well understood. We used the fluorescent ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.9.3001-3012.2002
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two morphotypes of Hafnia alvei differed in their susceptibilities to beta-lactam antibiotics. Both produced an inducible Bush group 1 beta-lactamase. Hyperinducibility of this enzyme was associated with reduced susceptibility in one morphotype. ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.37.6.1375
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This in vitro study evaluated the activities of vancomycin, LY333328, and teicoplanin alone and in combination with gentamicin, rifampin, and RP59500 against Staphylococcus aureus isolates with intermediate susceptibilities to vancomycin. Ampicillin-sulbactam and trovafloxacin were also evaluated. LY333328 and ampicil...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.43.3.717
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel streptogramin A, pleuromutilin, and lincosamide resistance determinant, Vga(E), was identified in porcine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ST398. The vga(E) gene encoded a 524-amino-acid protein belonging to the ABC transporter family. It was found on a multidrug resistance-conferring transpo...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00528-11
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hundred thirty nonimmune subjects living in Yaoundé, Cameroon, completed an 18-month prospective study on the efficacy and safety of weekly chloroquine and daily proguanil (chloroguanide) (Ch-P) in malaria prevention. A total of 9 of 78 Ch-P-treated subjects and 26 of 52 subjects who received no prophylaxis contra...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.35.2.373
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibiotic-impregnated beads are used in the dead bone space following debridement surgery to deliver local, high concentrations of antibiotics. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), 2,000-molecular-weight (MW) polylactic acid (PLA), Poly(DL-lactide)-coglycolide (PL:CG; 90:10, 80:20, and 70:30), and the combination 2,000-MW ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.41.2.415
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both recombinant alpha A interferon and azidothymidine inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Combinations of recombinant alpha A interferon and azidothymidine at concentrations that are easily achievable in patients synergistically inhibit human immunodeficiency...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.31.2.168
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caspofungin (CAS) is approved for second-line management of proven or probable invasive aspergillosis at a dose of 50 mg once daily (QD). Preclinical and limited clinical data support the concept of the dose-dependent antifungal efficacy of CAS with preservation of its favorable safety profile. Little is known, howeve...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01912-12
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two types of transmissible plasmids which encode resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were found among five animal isolates of Salmonella krefeld. This is the first report of plasmid-mediated resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in Salmonella strains isolated in the United States. ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.23.3.495
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whole-genome sequences for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia serial isolates from a bacteremic patient before and after development of levofloxacin resistance were assembled de novo and differed by one single-nucleotide variant in smeT, a repressor for multidrug efflux operon smeDEF. Along with sequenced isolates from five...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01723-15
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two 3-alkyl-substituted 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinones, NSC 113452 (NSC52) and NSC 113455 (NSC55), were evaluated for activity against Toxoplasma gondii in vitro and in murine models of acute toxoplasmosis. In vitro, both NSC52 and NSC55 significantly inhibited intracellular replication of T. gondii. In vivo, each comp...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.42.9.2284
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro activities of sparfloxacin, temafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, cephalothin, penicillin G, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid against 173 recent clinical bite wound isolates were determined by agar dilution. Sparfloxacin was active against all strains (MIC for ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.37.5.1150
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a severe condition mainly caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, although other species of the genus, such as section Nigri members, can also be involved. Voriconazole (VRC) is the recommended treatment for IA; however, the prevalence of azole-resistant Aspergillus isolates has alarmingly incr...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00543-19
更新日期:2019-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Botulism is caused by botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), the most poisonous substance known. BoNTs are also classified as Tier 1 biothreat agents due to their high potency and lethality. The existence of seven BoNT serotypes (A-G), which differ between 35% to 68% in amino acid sequence, necessitates the development of serot...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01270-19
更新日期:2019-10-07 00:00:00
abstract::The minimal inhibitory concentration of temocillin (BRL 17421) against 476 clinical isolates was determined by an agar dilution method. Temocillin was active against most of the Enterobacteriaceae, Haemophilus, and Neisseria strains tested. The compound showed low activity or was inactive against Bacteroides, Campylob...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.22.4.535
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Management of coinfection with malaria and HIV is a major challenge to public health in developing countries, and yet potential drug-drug interactions between antimalarial and antiviral regimens have not been adequately investigated in people with both infections. Each of the constituent components of artemether-lumef...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02508-12
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycobacterium smegmatis DSM43756 inactivates rifampin, and the inactivated antibiotic product recovered from culture medium was ribosylated on the 23-OH group. To study this process, the gene responsible for the inactivation was expressed at high levels by the lac promoter in Escherichia coli conferring resistance to ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.43.1.181
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The iron-chelating drug deferoxamine (DFO) has been shown to be active in animal models of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), with effective daily intraperitoneal bolus dosages being 400 and 1,000 mg of DFO mesylate kg of body weight-1 in mouse and rat models, respectively. Continuous infusion produced a moderately...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.39.9.2023
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::No effective approved drug therapy exists for Cryptosporidium infection of immunocompromised patients. Here we investigated the nonabsorbed anthelmintic drug pyrvinium pamoate for inhibition of the growth of the intestinal protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum. The concentration of pyrvinium that effected 50% grow...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00207-08
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The global spread of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-Kp) has been largely associated with sequence type 258 (ST258) and its related variants (clonal group 258 [CG258]). Here we describe the molecular epidemiology of CR-Kp from five tertiary care hospitals in Medellín, the second largest city in Colombia...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1128/AAC.01775-15
更新日期:2015-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::This study sought to characterize the impact of 3 types of variation on the Standardized Antimicrobial Administration Ratio (SAAR) utilizing local National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) data. SAAR and antimicrobial days per 1,000 days present (AD/1000DP) were compiled monthly for Northwestern Memorial Hospital from...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01780-18
更新日期:2019-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae mainly involves stepwise mutations predominantly in the parC and gyrA genes. We have developed a single-run real-time PCR assay for detection of the four most common mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of these genes. This assay provides a us...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00082-08
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Strains of Enterobacter cloacae were selected on the basis of resistance to aztreonam, ceftazidime, moxalactam, or imipenem. All strains produced the same E2 beta-lactamase, with an isoelectric point greater than 9.5 and with high hydrolytic activity in the presence of cephaloridine. Resistance to beta-lactams could n...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.27.4.555
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00