Abstract:
:A monotonous voice is produced by schizophrenic patients whose expression of emotion is damped down and by patients with a severe degree of depression. Clinically, the distinction between these two diagnostic entities is virtually impossible to establish auditorily on the basis of voice quality alone. The laryngograph has been developed recently to record laryngeal activity. It was used to study voice pitch in a series of emotionally blunted and non-blunted schizophrenics, and retarded and non-retarded depressives. The frequency distributions of the laryngographic recordings were analysed to yield kurtosis scores. The group of retarded depressives had a significantly higher kurtosis score than the group of blunted schizophrenics. Hence this technique allows an objective distinction to be made between two kinds of monotonous voice produced by psychiatric patients. Furthermore, blunted schizophrenics had a higher mean kurtosis score than non-blunted schizophrenics, indicating that this measure can also be used as an objective index of blunting of affect in schizophrenia.
journal_name
Psychol Medjournal_title
Psychological medicineauthors
Leff J,Abberton Edoi
10.1017/s0033291700041349subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-11-01 00:00:00pages
849-52issue
4eissn
0033-2917issn
1469-8978journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We recently completed a case-control study of 100 literally homeless and 100 never homeless indigent schizophrenic men in New York City, in which concurrent substance abuse and antisocial personality disorder were widespread. In this paper we probe the correlates of 'pure' schizophrenia (single disorder, N = 60), schi...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700027835
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty-eight boys, referred for psychiatric treatment because of serious problems of behaviour, underwent a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of methylphenidate and placebo. Methylphenidate was an effective treatment over a 3-week period. A good response to methylphenidate was predicted by higher level...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700013039
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Older adults have the lowest prevalence and incidence of major depressive disorder, although it has been hypothesized that this finding is due in part to differences in expression of psychopathology in later life. The aim of this study was to examine variation in depressive symptomatology in the general popu...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/S003329171200027X
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although most chronically impaired psychiatric patients now reside in community-based residential homes, a substantial number show little progress in their social rehabilitation. To establish the rehabilitative needs of this population, the current study sought to examine the social behaviour of residents of a large r...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700050960
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Approximately 25% of people with bulimia nervosa (BN) who undertake therapy are treated in groups. National guidelines do not discriminate between group and individual therapy, yet each has potential advantages and disadvantages and it is unclear how their effects compare. We therefore evaluated how group th...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1017/S0033291713002791
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous research has yielded conflicting evidence regarding the long-term cognitive outcome of depression. Some studies have found evidence for a higher incidence of subsequent cognitive impairment or dementia, while others have refuted this. METHOD:Depression, neuropsychological performance, functional ab...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291703008195
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several case reports and reviews have suggested an increased incidence of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder among persons with sex chromosome aneuploidies, but this observation may have been caused by biased sampling. METHODS:The 1122 individuals with sex chromosome aneuploidies registered in the Danish Cyt...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291701003476
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Various childhood social experiences have been reported to predict adult outcomes. However, it is unclear how different social contexts may influence each other's effects in the long run. This study examined the joint contribution of adolescent family and peer experiences to young adult wellbeing and functio...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291718001976
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Executive dysfunction, distinct from other cognitive deficits in depression, has been associated with suicidal behavior. However, this dysfunction is not found consistently across samples. METHOD:Medication-free subjects with DSM-IV major depressive episode (major depressive disorder and bipolar type I diso...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291712001419
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Somatoform disorders are costly for society in terms of increased healthcare expenditure. Patients' illness perceptions have been found to play a role in somatoform disorders. However, it is unclear whether illness perceptions predict higher health costs in these patients. METHOD:A total of 1785 primary car...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329171400035X
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Depressed individuals demonstrate a poorer ability to recognize the emotions of others, which could contribute to difficulties in interpersonal behaviour. This emotion recognition deficit appears related to the depressive state and is particularly pronounced when emotions are labelled semantically. Here, we ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291710002084
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Expressed emotion (EE) measured from relatives and informal carers has been consistently demonstrated to be associated with clinical outcome in schizophrenic patients. There have also been published studies that have investigated EE in professional carers that have suggested that the quality of the relations...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291799001579
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Research on the subject of insight has been hampered by difficulties in definition and reliable measurement. METHODS:We compared several rating scales to measure insight on a group of 33 psychotic patients as well as assessing patients' psychopathology, clinical characteristics and cognitive functioning. R...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291797006296
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hip fracture is common in the elderly. Previous studies suggest that psychiatric illness is common and predicts poor outcome, but have methodological weaknesses. Further studies are required to address this important issue. METHODS:We prospectively recruited 731 elderly participants with hip fracture in two...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291799002548
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is still a relative paucity of information about the long-term course of depression. METHODS:Consecutive patients admitted to a teaching hospital psychiatry unit with symptoms of depression, previously assessed at 6 months and 2, 5 and 15 years after index admission, were reviewed at 25 years (N = 49,...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291701004743
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Electronic medical records (EMR) provide a unique opportunity for efficient, large-scale clinical investigation in psychiatry. However, such studies will require development of tools to define treatment outcome. METHOD:Natural language processing (NLP) was applied to classify notes from 127 504 patients wit...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291711000997
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comparison between general practice attenders and community subjects with emotional distress (as measured by GHQ-12) showed that women from a general practice sample reported more social problems than those from the community. In both men and women, problems with their spouse or partner were far more likely among gene...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700028063
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The clinician-administered version of the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS-CA) is a commonly used assessment device for the evaluation of social anxiety disorder and has been shown to have strong psychometric characteristics. Because of its apparently straightforward rating format and potential savings i...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291701004056
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Social cognition has been associated with functional outcome in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP). Social cognition has also been associated with neurocognition and cognitive reserve. Although cognitive reserve, neurocognitive functioning, social cognition, and functional outcome are related, the d...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291719002794
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This two-stage prevalence survey involved geographically delimited areas, four urban (Liverpool, Newcastle, Nottingham and Oxford) and two rural (Cambridgeshire and Gwynedd), including institutions. METHODS:Stratified random population samples of people in their 65th year and above, from Family Health Servi...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291797006272
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can be delivered efficaciously through various modalities, including telephone (T-CBT) and face-to-face (FtF-CBT). The purpose of this study was to explore predictors of outcome in T-CBT and FtF-CBT for depression. METHOD:A total of 325 depressed participants were randomiz...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/S0033291715001208
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The treatment of deliberate self-harm (parasuicide) remains limited in efficacy. Despite a range of psychosocial, educational and pharmacological interventions only one approach, dialectical behaviour therapy, a form of cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT), has been shown to reduce repeat episodes, but this is ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/s003329179800765x
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brown and his colleagues have presented evidence for the social origins of depression from results of 2 community surveys in Camberwell. This paper examines critically their methodology, conceptualization of variables, mode of argument and statistical techniques. Log-linear analysis of their published data fails to su...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s003329170001878x
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Subthreshold depression (SUBD) in later life is common and important as prodromal state and prominent risk factor in the development of major depressive disorder (MDD). Indicated prevention can reduce the incidence of MDD among people with SUBD substantially, but needs to be targeted to those that are truly ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291716001549
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:With regard to current neurobiological theories, the aim of our study was to examine possible alterations of temporal and frontal lobe volume in panic disorder (PD). METHOD:Seventeen in-patients with PD and a group of healthy control subjects (HC) matched for age and gender were investigated by quantitative...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291709991930
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In people with bulimic eating disorders, exposure to high-calorie foods can result in increases in food craving, raised subjective stress and salivary cortisol concentrations. This cue-induced food craving can be reduced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). We investigated whether rTMS has...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/S0033291710001881
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Empirical data on the impact of personality pathology on acute treatment outcome for depression are mixed, in part because of challenges posed by assessing trait-like personality patterns while patients are in an active mood episode. To our knowledge, no previous study has examined the effect of personality ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291703001661
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cognitive theories of depression put forward by Beck and his colleagues (1980), Brown & Harris (1978) and Abramson and her colleagues (1978) are described and compared. Although each theory has its strengths, it is argued that an adequate cognitive account of depression is awaited. Such a theory must link specific...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700004992
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We examined the prevalence of self-perceived respiratory symptoms (SRS) in the absence of any objective findings of respiratory pathology, and the association of such prevalence with psychological factors and healthcare use in the general population. METHODS:The study was conducted among a nationally repres...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291718000582
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Scientific interest in the therapeutic effects of classical psychedelics has increased in the past two decades. The psychological effects of these substances outside the period of acute intoxication have not been fully characterized. This study aimed to: (1) quantify the effects of psilocybin, ayahuasca, and...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329172000389X
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00