Abstract:
:The authors review the evidence that parental death in childhood predisposes to depressive disorders in later life. The findings in general are quite inconsistent; this is due in part to the methodological limitations of most studies, principally that of inadequate control of potentially confounding variables. Where experimental and control samples were most rigorously matched, no association was found between childhood parental bereavement and depression in later life. Parental death in childhood appears to have little effect on adult depressive morbidity.
journal_name
Psychol Medjournal_title
Psychological medicineauthors
Tennant C,Bebbington P,Hurry Jdoi
10.1017/s0033291700044044subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-05-01 00:00:00pages
289-99issue
2eissn
0033-2917issn
1469-8978journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Genetic influences on alcoholism risk are well-documented in men, but uncertain in women. We tested for gender differences in genetic influences on, and risk-factors for, DSM-III-R alcohol dependence (AD). METHOD:Diagnostic follow-up interviews were conducted in 1992-3 by telephone with twins from an Austra...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291797005643
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients suffering from manic-depressive psychosis, manic type (ICD 296.0), were treated with lithium carbonate and randomly allocated to two groups, one received digoxin and the other matching placebo for 7 days. Severity of mania was rated by psychiatrists on the Manic Rating Scale and Analogue Line on days 0 and 7 ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/s0033291700043282
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There have been conflicting reports on time trends in urban-rural differences in the incidence of schizophrenia. This study explored the potential time trends in these differences with regard to birth cohort and age at onset. METHOD:Linking data from the Danish Civil Registration system with data from the D...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329170500663X
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The attenuated positive symptoms syndrome (APSS) is considered an at-risk indicator for psychosis. However, the characteristics and developmental aspects of the combined or enriched risk criteria of APSS and basic symptom (BS) criteria, including self-experienced cognitive disturbances (COGDIS) remain under-...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291715002627
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There are considerable differences between and within countries in the involvement of general practitioners (GPs) in psychosocial care. This study aimed to describe the self-perceived role of GPs in 30 European countries as the first contacted professional for patients with psychosocial problems. and to exam...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s003329179900851x
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neuropsychological impairment is a common finding in schizophrenia. However, a significant proportion of patients are not impaired in conventional neuropsychological tests. In this study, we investigated whether remitted patients with schizophreniform disorder exhibited dysfunctions in specific cognitive tas...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291703008754
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is not yet consensus on the best diagnostic definition of mixed bipolar episodes. Many have suggested the DSM-III-R/-IV definition is too rigid. We propose alternative criteria using data from a large patient cohort. METHODS:We evaluated 237 manic in-patients using DSM-III-R criteria and the Scale for...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291799001312
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hypochondriasis is recognized as an important disorder in clinical populations, associated with increased health care utilization, disability and psychiatric co-morbidity. Few studies have investigated hypochondriasis in the community. We report on the broader concept of illness worry in a community populati...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291701003737
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Abnormal perceptions of food and shape underpin the cognitive behavioural model of eating disorders (EDs). The aim of this study was to investigate motivational processing of disorder-specific and standard emotional cues in anorexia (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) using startle eyeblink modulation (SEM). SEM w...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291706008129
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Seeking compensation has been shown to have an adverse effect on the psychological health and recovery of injured patients, however, this effect requires clarification. METHODS:A total of 2019 adults sustaining a traffic injury were recruited. Of these, 709 (35.1%) lodged a compensation claim. Interviews oc...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329172000166X
更新日期:2020-06-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Decreased white matter (WM) integrity in patients with psychotic disorder has been a consistent finding in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies. However, the contribution of environmental risk factors to these WM alterations is rarely investigated. The current study examines whether individuals with (incre...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/S0033291718001320
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Genetic influences contribute significantly to co-morbidity between conduct disorder and substance use disorders. Estimating the extent of overlap can assist in the development of phenotypes for genomic analyses. METHOD:Multivariate quantitative genetic analyses were conducted using data from 9577 individua...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291715001518
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forty-eight couples with a presenting problem of female sexual unresponsiveness were treated in a controlled study using a balanced factorial design. The factors varied in this design were medication (testosterone or placebo), treatment frequency (weekly or monthly sessions), and the number of therapists involved (one...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700050091
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A combined family study and recovered study design was utilized to examine several hypothesized relationships between personality and bulimia nervosa (BN). METHODS:We studied 47 women with a lifetime history of DSM-III-R BN (31 currently ill and 16 recovered), 44 matched control women (CW) with no history o...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291799002792
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive dysfunction in depression is associated with poorer clinical outcomes and impaired psychosocial functioning. However, most treatments for depression do not specifically target cognition. Neurocognitive deficits such as memory and concentration problems tend to persist after mood symptoms recover. Improving c...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1017/S0033291716003123
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anxiety disorders are very common and increase risk for suicide attempts. Little is known about predictors of increased risk specifically among individuals with anxiety disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether specific anxiety disorders and other co-morbid psychiatric disorders, physic...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291712002504
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents the results of a study of unemployment among British Asians living in the north of England. The sample comprises 139 employed and unemployed men. Using standardized psychological questionnaires with a semi-structured interview schedule, the psychological consequences of unemployment are examined in...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s003329170002732x
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the conditioned fear paradigm, repeated pairing of an aversive unconditioned stimulus (US) (e.g. electric shock) with a neutral conditioned stimulus (CS) (e.g. bright light) results in a conditioned fear response to the light alone. Animal studies have shown that the amygdala plays a critical role in acqu...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291704003290
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cognitive theory points to the importance of negative self-schemas in the onset and maintenance of depression and anxiety disorders. Hereby, it is important to distinguish between automatic and explicit self-schemas, reflecting different cognitive-motivational systems. This study tested whether patients with...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291709991371
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A long-standing issue in the health anxiety literature is the extent to which health anxiety is a dimensional or a categorical construct. This study explores this question directly using taxometric procedures. METHOD:Seven hundred and eleven working adults completed an index of health anxiety [the Whiteley ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291708003322
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Suicide is a leading cause of death and has been strongly associated with affective disorders. The influence of affective disorder polarity on subsequent suicide attempts or completions and any differential effect of suicide risk factors by polarity were assessed in a prospective cohort. METHOD:Participants...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/S0033291708004078
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Euthanasia and assisted suicide (EAS) based on a psychiatric disorder (psychiatric EAS) continue to pose ethical and policy challenges, even in countries where the practice has been allowed for years. We conducted a systematic review of reasons, a specific type of review for bioethical questions designed to ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291720001543
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent neurobiological models provide a possible mechanism of daily life stress directly affecting the intensity of psychotic experiences in vulnerable individuals. In order to validate such a mechanism, the impact of daily life stress on psychosis intensity was investigated in two groups at increased risk o...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291704004179
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There are no evidence-based treatments for severe and enduring anorexia nervosa (SE-AN). This study evaluated the relative efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-AN) and specialist supportive clinical management (SSCM) for adults with SE-AN. METHOD:Sixty-three participants with a diagnosis of AN, who...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/S0033291713000949
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have suggested that 'anomalous parenting', as measured by the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), may be a differential risk factor to subsequent depression in adulthood--being irrelevant to melancholia but over-represented in non-melancholic depressive disorders. Such a 'specificity' effect is confirme...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700038101
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical psychiatric and medical assessments were carried out on a randomly selected sample of Australian prisoners of war captured by the Japanese in 1942 and a sample of combatants from Pacific theatres of war who were not captured. Prisoners of war had significantly more anxiety and depressive 'neuroses' and more m...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700011843
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although most chronically impaired psychiatric patients now reside in community-based residential homes, a substantial number show little progress in their social rehabilitation. To establish the rehabilitative needs of this population, the current study sought to examine the social behaviour of residents of a large r...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700050960
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study aimed to determine whether depression in patients with long-term conditions is associated with the number of morbidities or the type of co-morbidity. Method A cohort study of 299 912 participants aged 30-100 years. The prevalence of depression, rates of health-care utilization and costs were evalu...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291712002498
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sibling resemblance in crime may be due to genetic relatedness, shared environment, and/or the interpersonal influence of siblings on each other. This latter process can be understood as a type of 'peer effect' in that it is based on social learning between individuals occupying the same status in the social...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291720003724
更新日期:2020-10-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Older adults have the lowest prevalence and incidence of major depressive disorder, although it has been hypothesized that this finding is due in part to differences in expression of psychopathology in later life. The aim of this study was to examine variation in depressive symptomatology in the general popu...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/S003329171200027X
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00