Abstract:
:The pharmacokinetics of fluorouracil were examined after single 250-mg iv doses and 500-mg oral doses to female patients with breast cancer. In five patients who received intravenous fluorouracil, the mean peak plasma level of unchanged drug was 13.4 microgram/ml, the elimination half-life was 6.3 min, and the plasma clearance was 1410 ml/min. The last value is similar to the hepatic blood flow. In six patients who received oral fluorouracil, the mean peak value of unchanged drug in plasma, which occurred within 20 min of dosing, was 8.3 microgram/ml, and the fluorouracil elimination half-life was 7.2 min. The overall bioavailability of oral fluorouracil as unchanged drug was 28%, and the variation in plasma drug levels between individuals was similar following oral and intravenous doses. The data provide additional evidence of saturable hepatic metabolism of fluorouracil during the first pass.
journal_name
J Pharm Scijournal_title
Journal of pharmaceutical sciencesauthors
Phillips TA,Howell A,Grieve RJ,Welling PGdoi
10.1002/jps.2600691220subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-12-01 00:00:00pages
1428-31issue
12eissn
0022-3549issn
1520-6017pii
S0022-3549(15)43493-8journal_volume
69pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The sensitivity of pharmacokinetic deconvolution algorithms with respect to simulated experimental error has been studied. Approximations of cumulative absorption profiles reconstructed from simulated data sets with normally distributed random error were compared with corresponding known input functions. The coinciden...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.2600781114
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of dietary polyphenols on the intestinal glucuronidation and absorption of a model phenolic drug, alpha-naphthol (alpha-NA), was studied in isolated rat small intestine. (-)-Epicatechin significantly inhibited the glucuronidation of alpha-NA. Chrysin, (-)-epigallocatechin galleate (EGCG), and quercetin decr...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.20146
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::(6R,7R)-7-[2-(5-Amino-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl)-(Z)-2-methoxy- iminoacetamid]-3- [(4-carbamoyl-1-quinuclidinio)methyl]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4,2,0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate (1; E1040) was isolated as alpha-(decahydrate), beta-(pentahydrate), and gamma-form (anhydrate) crystals and the X-ray amorphous form. The relatio...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.2600781103
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sensitive and very rapid assay for acetaminophen was developed based on the combination of high-performance chromatographic columns with a thin-layer electrochemical detector. Application to liquid and solid dosage forms and body fluids has been demonstrated. Great advantage derives from the detector selectivity, wh...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.2600640423
更新日期:1975-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to characterize the metabolic pathways of 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2), an investigational anticancer drug. In vitro metabolism studies were performed by incubation of 2ME2 with human liver microsomes under various conditions and metabolite identification was performed using liquid chromatograph...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.20837
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::15-Lipoxygenase (15-LOX) is one of the key enzymes responsible for the formation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein, a major causal factor for atherosclerosis. Δ(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ(9)-THC), a major component of marijuana, has suggested to suppress atherosclerosis. Although Δ(9)-THC seems to be attractive for ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.22354
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two polymorphs of celastrol were discovered and fully characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetry analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The single-crystal structures of form I and the isostructural solvate of form II were disclosed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The apparent solubility...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.xphs.2018.07.008
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a recognized need for new approaches to understand unit operations with pharmaceutical relevance. A method for analyzing complex interactions in experimental data is introduced. Higher-order interactions do exist between process parameters, which complicate the interpretation of experimental results. In this ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.21565
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dissolution rates of a number of drug-urethan solid-state dispersion systems were studied. A marked enhancement of the initial dissolution rates of several poorly water-soluble drugs was found when they were incorporated into a urethan matrix by heat fusion. These differences were considerable when pure substances...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.2600670332
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize thiolated chitosan (TC) nanoparticles (NPs) of tizanidine HCl (TZ) and to evaluate its transport across monolayer of RPMI 2650 cells (Human nasal septum carcinoma cell line) followed by assessment of their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic attributes, after intra...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.22780
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The growing interest of pharmaceutical companies toward the crystal morphology prediction of active pharmaceutical ingredients is a consequence of the dramatic effect of the crystal habit on the tableting behavior of drugs. In order to help the optimization of the industrial process, molecular mechanics calculations t...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.23334
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma levels were determined frequently after single doses of perfluorooctyl bromide were administered to beagle dogs at doses of either 30.8 g/kg po or 3.9 g/kg intratracheally. The apparent first-order half-life during the terminal elimination phase was about 1 day after oral medication and about 7 days after intra...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.2600670751
更新日期:1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitamin E tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) is a non-ionic surface active agent, known to enhance the bioavailability of lipophilic compounds via wettability, solubility, and in some cases permeability enhancement. MK-0536 is an anti-retroviral drug with poor wettability and solubility and a high dose. B...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.24585
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method for the measurement, in human plasma, of all tertiary and secondary tricyclic antidepressants prescribed in the United States is described. The method uses electron beam ionization GLC-mass spectrometry, employing a computer-controlled multiple-ion detector. This method, mass fragmentography, is used with int...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.2600650221
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various complex mechanisms and their multifactorial pathways decisively provoke low-grade local and systemic inflammation in β-cells of pancreatic islets and peripheral tissues to induce β-cells' dysfunction and apoptosis, insulin resistance, and ultimately, overt type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Conventional antidiab...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jps.23057
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benzydamine hydrochloride (Tantum, 1) is a photoallergic and phototoxic anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent. This drug is photolabile under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Irradiation of a methanol solution of benzydamine under oxygen or argon at 300 nm affords 5-hydroxybenzydamine (2) and 2-beta-dimethylaminoprop...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.2600820407
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to generate a water-soluble thiolated chitosan to enable the permeation-enhancing effect of chitosan at pH of at least 5.5 without losing the advantages of improved mucoadhesive properties. Therefore, the thiol-bearing polyoxyethylene ligand {O-(3-carboxylpropyl)-O'-[2-[3-mercaptopropio...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.23832
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The degradation kinetics of metronidazole in aqueous solutions of pH 3.1 to 9.9 under accelerated storage conditions were studied. The stability of metronidazole in solutions containing propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol 400 was also investigated. The reaction order for metronidazole in these aqueous and solvent ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.2600820121
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pinacidil [(+/-)-2-cyano-1-(4-pyridyl)-3-(1,2,2-trimethylpropyl)guanidine monohydrate] is a novel, direct-acting vasodilator antihypertensive agent. The cyano 14C-labeled drug is rapidly and completely absorbed after an oral 12.5-mg dose in solution. The blood:plasma concentration ratios (0.8-0.9) indicate transient p...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.2600770212
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, a previously described sulfenamide prodrug of a basic antidiabetic drug, metformin, was evaluated further. This sulfenamide prodrug was designed to improve the permeability and consequently the oral absorption and bioavailability (F) of the highly water-soluble metformin. Bioactivation of the pro...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.23221
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel approach using a self-setting hydroxyapatite (HAP) cement as a skeletal drug-delivery system has been proposed to solve the problem of delivering drugs to skeletal tissue at sufficiently high local concentrations for desirable therapeutic effects. HAP cements loaded with antibiotics can be formed in situ and c...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.2600810611
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simulation study was done to determine if 72 h is the most informative sampling duration for bioequivalence (BE) determination in parallel-designed BE studies with drugs that have half-lives of at least 30 h. The impact of absorption and elimination half-lives on informative sampling was evaluated. Two-treatment par...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.23296
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is routinely used in the biopharmaceutical industry to study the effects of manufacturing, formulation, and storage conditions on protein conformation and stability, and these results are often included in regulatory filings. In this context, the purpose of CD spectroscopy is often...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.22695
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The work aims to provide evidence on the viability of Lactobacillus spp. and a spore form of Bacillus subtilis from nonprocessed bacteria to coated dosage forms (i.e., mini-tablets, pellets, and their coated forms). Lactobacillus spp. were cultivated overnight in MRS broth (10(9) cfu/mL) and B. subtilis spores were pr...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.21609
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Homologous series of L-methionine alkyl ester hydrochlorides and tosylates were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro growth inhibitory activity in Meth A sarcoma. Cytotoxicity, as determined by [3H]thymidine incorporation, was found to be directly proportional to alkyl chain length and surface tension lowering activ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.2600780609
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crystallization of drugs in metastable, supersaturated adhesive polymeric matrices in transdermal drug delivery devices can be avoided by determination of the solubility of the drug in the adhesive polymer. A novel method is described to determine the solubility of the drug in polymeric matrices. Unlike existing metho...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.20122
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A model based on heat transport control was developed to describe the uptake of water on a deliquescent solid in an atmosphere of pure water vapor. The model assumes the presence of a saturated liquid film on the surface of the solid. The decrease in the vapor pressure of water over the surface, brought about by the c...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.2600721204
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accelerated stability studies (37 degrees, 47 degrees, and 57 degrees) were conducted on buffered aqueous solutions (pH 7.4, 8.4, and 9.4) of hydrocortisone in the presence of various molar ratios of D-fructose. First-order degradation was observed. Significant improvement in hydrocortisone stability was seen in those...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.2600720930
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifteen pyrimidine-related compounds were evaluated for their ability to inhibit enzymatic degradation of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FUdR). Acyclothymidine [5-methyl-1-(2'-hydroxyethoxymethyl)uracil] showed the highest inhibitory effect on the phosphorolytic degradation of FUdR in various tissue homogenates derived fro...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jps.2600771108
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In water, the antineoplastic drug cisplatin, cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2] (1) hydrolyses slowly to the aqua complexes cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl(H2O)]+ (2) and, to a small extent, cis-[Pt(NH3)2(H2O)2]2+ (3), which are thought to play an important role in the metabolism of cisplatin. HPLC is a useful technique for monitoring 2 and 3, but on...
journal_title:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/js980287m
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00