Abstract：
:To be in respiratory distress is to be anxious. To be mechanically ventilated is to be grossly uncomfortable at best. To undergo weaning in the presence of possible severe respiratory compromise, again, inevitably is anxiety provoking. Assessment of the contributing causes of agitation is essential if patients are to be managed properly. Personality factors may make different contributions to agitation, and necessitate different management approaches. One patient seeks control and another regresses to dependency more easily. Delirium, a common base for agitation, cannot be reassured away or resolved by anxiolytic agents; its root causes need to be corrected before a favorable outcome will ensue. Effective management takes a sophisticated, multidisciplined team, skilled in the physiologic and psychological management of patients. The purpose of a respiratory intensive care unit is to restore respiratory effort and integrity. The anxious patient has difficulty cooperating with weaning and respiratory toilet. The delirious patient cannot cooperate with anything. Until these agitated behaviors are differentiated and resolved, the patient remains at respiratory risk.
journal_name
Crit Care Clinjournal_title
Critical care clinicsauthors
McCartney JR,Boland RJsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-10-01 00:00:00pages
673-80issue
4eissn
0749-0704issn
1557-8232journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The evolving understanding of pathophysiologic events during and after pediatric cardiac arrest has not yet resulted in significantly improved outcome. Exciting breakthroughs in basic and applied science laboratories are, however, on the immediate horizon for study in specific subpopulations of cardiac arrest victims....
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(03)00003-4
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article documents the role of hypothalamic hypothyroidism and decreased T4-->T3 conversion as the cause of low T4 and T3 in non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS). This article also presents the arguments for administration of replacement triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) hormone in patients who have NTIS. ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2005.10.001
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Access to critical care is rapidly growing in areas of the world where it was previously nonexistent and where infectious diseases often comprise the largest disease burden. Additionally, with crowding, mass migrations, and air travel, infectious diseases previously geographically confined are quickly spread across th...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2013.03.005
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Total parenteral nutrition was developed in the 1960s and has since been implemented commonly in the intensive care unit (ICU). Studies published in the 1980s and early 1990s indicate that the use of total parenteral nutrition is associated with increased mortality and infectious morbidity. These detrimental effects w...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2010.04.002
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proper care of the severely injured patient will require the development of a new anesthesia specialist. The trauma anesthesiologist, like the cardiovascular anesthesiologist, must become thoroughly familiar with one disease. The anesthesiologist who manages patients with traumatic disease must become an expert in cri...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are numerous mechanisms of hypoxemia and hypercapnia during the perioperative period. Mechanisms of hypoxemia include oxygen delivery problems, decreased FAC-CC relationship, hypoventilation, decreased cardiac output, increased oxygen consumption, decreased hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, and increased nonal...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute respiratory failure is common in critically ill children, who are at increased risk of respiratory embarrassment because of the developmental variations in the respiratory system. Although multiple etiologies exist, pneumonia and bronchiolitis are most common. Respiratory system monitoring has evolved, with the ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2012.12.004
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Timely performance and accurate interpretation of portable chest radiographs in the ICU setting are fundamental components of quality care. Teamwork between intensive care clinicians and radiologists is necessary to assure that the appropriate studies, of high technical quality, are obtained. By working together to in...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In general, coma portends a very poor outcome in ICU patients except when a drug overdose is the cause. Interactions with concurrent diseases and the cause of the comatose state are important variables that modify mortality rates. Recent studies have made it possible to predict irreversibility with a high degree of sp...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The management of critically ill patients necessitates the use of sedatives and analgesics to provide patient comfort and cooperation. These drugs exert profound effects on all organ systems, not only the central nervous system, and this article describes the immunologic effects of the commonly used critical care seda...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2009.05.001
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The leukotrienes are a group of biologically active products of arachidonic acid metabolism that have been demonstrated to possess the capability to alter vascular reactivity as well as vascular permeability when applied topically to tissues or infused into the vascular bed of various organs. These biologic effects of...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of the fiberscope in the management of difficult and failed intubations has been well established and the importance of learning this valuable skill has been emphasized. Nonetheless, the fiberscope is underutilized in anesthesia and critical care practices because of a high rate of intubation failure. The mai...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As health care expenditures increase, payers, including the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, are moving away from reimbursement based on types and volume of services to an emphasis on quality of provided care, an approach called value-based purchasing (VBP). Because it is tied to reimbursement, VBP creates ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2012.10.002
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this review, the various interactions between heart and lung that occur during positive-pressure ventilation are contrasted with spontaneous ventilation. Based on this analysis, appropriate ventilator management directed at optimizing oxygen delivery to the tissues can be employed in the treatment of the critically...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews principles in the rational use of antibiotics in sepsis and septic shock and presents evidence-based recommendations for optimal antibiotic therapy. Every patient with sepsis and septic shock must be evaluated at presentation before the initiation of antibiotic therapy. However, in most situations...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2009.08.004
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nosocomial diarrheas are an important problem in hospitals, and in critical care units in particular. Hospital-acquired diarrhea may be on an infectious or noninfectious basis. Common noninfectious causes of nosocomial diarrhea include medication-induced changes in the fecal flora or changes secondary to enteral hyper...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70398-5
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiogenic shock remains the most dreaded complication of acute myocardial infarction. Mortality rates remain high despite modern interventional therapy. Patients with a variety of other cardiovascular entities may also develop cardiogenic shock. Management consists of rapid stabilization of systemic arterial blood p...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The EMR in the ICU has the utility of providing the necessary information to make sound clinical decisions for critically ill patients. For it to be optimized, the EMR must be more than just what is being replicated in the written record or merely a documentation tool; it must add value that supports and enhances clin...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70068-3
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with CCI have continuing profound medical needs, poor prognosis for significant functional recovery, and a high mortality rate. Nonetheless, some survive for months or years, but unfortunately, often with functional skills and quality of life lower than need be. Careful evaluation of each patient's medical co...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(02)00011-8
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Approximately 12,000 Americans suffer traumatic spinal cord injuries each year. This article discusses the management of their neurologic, respiratory, cardiovascular, gastroenterologic, and genitourinary complications in the critical care setting. ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A substantial proportion of patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) are elderly patients. Based upon population growth, patient preference, and current physician practice, the number of elderly patients who receive critical care services is likely to increase substantially over the next 10 to 20 years. Numero...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(03)00051-4
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Critically ill cancer patients have a higher incidence of acute kidney injury treated with renal replacement therapy than critically ill patients without cancer. Acute kidney injury may occur as a direct or indirect consequence of the cancer itself, its treatment, or associated complications. Several recent studies ha...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2009.09.002
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the inception of allogeneic blood transfusion, the search for an alternative to the use of stored packed red blood cells has been underway. Over the last 10 years, modified hemoglobin solutions in the form of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) have made significant strides toward becoming clinically availa...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2008.12.009
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As the geriatric population in the United States increases and better management of chronic diseases improves survival, more elderly will become critically ill and potentially require treatment in an intensive care unit (ICU). Dan Callahan has written, "... we will live longer lives, be better sustained by medical car...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(03)00056-3
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Critical illness predisposes individuals to highly variable metabolic and immune responses, leading to muscle mass loss, impaired healing, immobility, and susceptibility to infections and cognitive impairment. Recommendations for nutrition in critically ill patients are supported by observational studies, small random...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2015.11.002
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:N-6 and n-3 PUFAs from the diet are absorbed and reach the cell where they interact with fatty acid binding proteins within cell membranes and cytoplasm. They are processed in the endoplasmic reticulum (desaturation-elongation reactions, lipid synthesis, eicosanoid and epoxide production) and in peroxisomes (beta-oxid...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70160-3
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pregnant patient with normal cardiac function can accommodate many significant alterations in the cardiovascular system without difficulty. Pregnancy in a patient with significant cardiac disease, however, can be extremely hazardous, resulting in decompensation and even death. these conditions account for up to 30...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Venous thromboembolic disease continues to be a major source of morbidity and mortality, with obese patients who are critically ill presenting some of the most at-risk patients. As the literature evolves, it has become clear that there is a complex relationship between obesity and thrombosis and atherogenesis. It is t...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2010.06.011
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The known metabolic abnormalities and nutritional requirements of the brain injury, spinal cord injury, and acute stroke patient have been presented. Further investigations are required in all these conditions to identify specific nutritional requirements and metabolic abnormalities. The specific role of nutritional s...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endothelial glycocalyx (EG) is the most luminal layer of the blood vessel, growing on and within the vascular wall. Shedding of the EG plays a central role in many critical illnesses. Degradation of the EG is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Certain illnesses and iatrogenic interventions can caus...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2019.12.007
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
