Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Male sex is an independent predictor of worse survival in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This finding might be explained by more severe pulmonary vascular disease, worse right ventricular (RV) function, or different response to therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying cause of sex differences in survival in patients treated for PAH. METHODS:This was a retrospective cohort study of 101 patients with PAH (82 idiopathic, 15 heritable, four anorexigen associated) who were diagnosed at VU University Medical Centre between February 1999 and January 2011 and underwent right-sided heart catheterization and cardiac MRI to assess RV function. Change in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) was taken as a measure of treatment response in the pulmonary vasculature, whereas change in RV ejection fraction (RVEF) was used to assess RV response to therapy. RESULTS:PVR and RVEF were comparable between men and women at baseline; however, male patients had a worse transplant-free survival compared with female patients (P = .002). Although male and female patients showed a similar reduction in PVR after 1 year, RVEF improved in female patients, whereas it deteriorated in male patients. In a mediator analysis, after correcting for confounders, 39.0% of the difference in transplant-free survival between men and women was mediated through changes in RVEF after initiating PAH medical therapies. CONCLUSIONS:This study suggests that differences in RVEF response with initiation of medical therapy in idiopathic PAH explain a significant portion of the worse survival seen in men.
journal_name
Chestjournal_title
Chestauthors
Jacobs W,van de Veerdonk MC,Trip P,de Man F,Heymans MW,Marcus JT,Kawut SM,Bogaard HJ,Boonstra A,Vonk Noordegraaf Adoi
10.1378/chest.13-1291subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-06-01 00:00:00pages
1230-1236issue
6eissn
0012-3692issn
1931-3543pii
S0012-3692(15)34794-2journal_volume
145pub_type
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