Differential ovotoxicity of 4-vinylcyclohexene and its analog, 4-phenylcyclohexene.

abstract：:Male, English smooth haired guinea pigs were exposed to thermal decomposition products, i.e., smoke, generated by heating Douglas fir in an open system. Various amounts of Douglas fir were placed in a furnace, at room temperature, and heated at a rate of 11 degrees C/min until completely decomposed. Major decompositio...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wong KL,Stock MF,Malek DE,Alarie Y

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An earlier study indicated that percutaneous absorption of a 40-nmol dose of TCDD decreased with aging in rats, suggesting that the potential for systemic exposure following dermal contact would be decreased in older age groups. In this study, maturational changes in potential for systemic exposure to TCDD following d...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Anderson YB,Jackson JA,Birnbaum LS

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States with a very low survival rate of 5 years. To better design new preventive and/or therapeutic strategies for the fight against pancreatic cancer, the knowledge of the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer at the molecular level is very impor...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sarkar FH,Banerjee S,Li Y

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The embryonic stem cell test (EST) predicts developmental toxicity based on the inhibition of cardiomyocyte differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESC). The subjective endpoint, the long culture duration together with the undefined applicability domain and related predictivity need further improvement to facilitate ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： van Dartel DA,Pennings JL,van Schooten FJ,Piersma AH

更新日期：2010-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Daily subcutaneous administration of 20 or 100 mg/kg gentamicin for 4 days significantly decreased pyridoxal-5'-phosphate and lysosomal specific phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C (PI-PLC) in newborn rat kidney. The fall in PI-PLC was associated with an elevation in renal phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, an...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kacew S,Hewitt WR,Hook JB

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone) is a natural toxin produced by walnut trees. In this study we show that juglone differentially reduces viability of human cells in culture. Normal fibroblast were found to be especially sensitive to juglone and lost viability primarily through a rapid apoptotic and necrotic respon...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Paulsen MT,Ljungman M

更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Isolated rat livers were perfused for 60 min with either 0.3 or 0.5 microgram/ml (initial volume, 119 ml) of [3H]microcystin-LR at a constant flow of 10 ml/min in a recirculating system. During the 60-min exposure, toxin caused stimulation of glycogenolysis, liver engorgement, and cessation of bile flow. Electron micr...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Pace JG,Robinson NA,Miura GA,Matson CF,Geisbert TW,White JD

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:3-Methylindole (3-MI) is a pneumotoxic metabolite of L-tryptophan that can form in the digestive tracts of humans and ruminants as a result of microbial protein metabolism. Alternatively, human lungs can be directly exposed to 3-MI formed during protein pyrolysis and inhalation of tobacco smoke. 3-MI has been shown to...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Updyke LW,Yoon HL,Kiorpes AL,Robinson JP,Pfeifer RW,Marcus CB

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanism of action of Cd on Na,K-ATPase was investigated in two "classical" model systems, the shark rectal gland and rabbit kidney outer medulla. In lyophilized plasma membranes from dogfish rectal gland Cd inhibited Na,K-ATPase activity after 30 min of preincubation with an I50 of 1.3 x 10(-5) M. K-Dependent p-...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kinne-Saffran E,Hülseweh M,Pfaff C,Kinne RK

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract have a crucial role in protection against the toxic effects of lipophilic chemicals in the environment. UGTs such as UGT1A7, UGT1A8, and UGT1A10 are exclusively expressed in gastrointestinal tissues, each with a unique tissue distribution patter...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Gregory PA,Lewinsky RH,Gardner-Stephen DA,Mackenzie PI

更新日期：2004-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Cannabinoid receptor (CB) expression was characterized in immunological cell and tissue preparations. Northern analysis revealed approximately 6-kb transcripts for CB1 (brain-type) in mouse spleen and brain and in rat cerebellum. CB1 was not detected in mouse thymus or rat spleen RNA by Northern analysis. CB2 (periphe...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Schatz AR,Lee M,Condie RB,Pulaski JT,Kaminski NE

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Beryllium (Be+2), a divalent metal ion, is toxic to both man and animal. Although the molecular basis for its toxicity is unknown, it is well established that micromolar concentrations of beryllium specifically inhibit certain enzymes. Previous in vitro studies have shown that the presence of ferritin, an iron-storage...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lindenschmidt RC,Sendelbach LE,Witschi HP,Price DJ,Fleming J,Joshi JG

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model describing transfer of inhaled tetrachloroethylene (PCE) into breast milk with the consequent exposure of the nursing pups was developed and validated in lactating rats. The PBPK model was based on partition coefficients (PCs), which were determined by the equilibra...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Byczkowski JZ,Kinkead ER,Leahy HF,Randall GM,Fisher JW

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Male reproductive health has received considerable attention in recent years. In addition to declining sperm quality, fertility problems and increased incidence of testicular cancer, there is accumulating evidence that genetic damage, in the form of unrepaired DNA lesions or de novo mutations, may be transmitted via s...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Olsen AK,Lindeman B,Wiger R,Duale N,Brunborg G

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), which is a key cofactor of the electron transport chain in the mitochondria has shown many beneficial effects on liver diseases. However, the mechanisms of CoQ10 protective role on the acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury are elusive and unclear. In this study, we further investigated the Co...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Zhang P,Chen S,Tang H,Fang W,Chen K,Chen X

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cholestatic liver injury is caused by hepatocellular apoptosis induced by toxic bile salts. We have studied the effects of a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, Salvia miltiorrhiza, on apoptotic cell death in bile duct-ligated (BDL) rats. We also attempted to clarify the molecular mechanisms of the hepatoprotective e...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Oh SH,Nan JX,Sohn D-,Kim YC,Lee BH

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a high association of inorganic arsenic exposure with vascular diseases. Recent research has also linked this vascular damage to impairment of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) function by arsenic exposure. However, the role of eNOS in regulating the arsenite-induced va...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Tsou TC,Tsai FY,Hsieh YW,Li LA,Yeh SC,Chang LW

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution of 14C-labeled clodronate (dichloromethylene bisphosphonate), a new bisphosphonate for the treatment of osteolytic bone metastases and hypercalcemia, was studied in mice by whole-body autoradiography and by measuring the 14C activities in various tissues [14C]Clodronate was administered into the tail ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Mönkkönen J,Ylitalo P,Elo HA,Airaksinen MM

更新日期：1987-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was designed to evaluate the developmental toxicity of nitrazepam (NZ) in Sprague-Dawley rats and ICR mice and to determine the metabolic factors which modulate susceptibility to the developmental effects of NZ. Rats were treated orally with a single dose of NZ at 300 mg/kg on Day 12 of gestation. Mice rece...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Takeno S,Hirano Y,Kitamura A,Sakai T

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Direct additions to culture media of either acetaminophen (APAP) or 7-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (7-OH-AAF) resulted in abnormal closure of the anterior neuropores of cultured rat embryos in the absence of an exogenous bioactivation system. Concentrations required to produce a 50% incidence of the defect were appro...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Harris C,Stark KL,Luchtel DL,Juchau MR

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been used in a wide variety of consumer applications as additive flame retardants. In North America, scientists have noted continuing increases in the levels of PBDE congeners measured in human serum. Some recent studies have found that PBDEs are associated with adverse heal...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Emond C,Sanders JM,Wikoff D,Birnbaum LS

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reviews the occurrence and properties of cyanobacterial toxins, with reference to the recognition and management of the human health risks which they may present. Mass populations of toxin-producing cyanobacteria in natural and controlled waterbodies include blooms and scums of planktonic species, and mats ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Codd GA,Morrison LF,Metcalf JS

更新日期：2005-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The direct-acting mutagenicity of 1-nitropyrene (1-NP), a tumorigenic environmental pollutant and model nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, was studied in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Previous reports indicated that 1-NP, a potent direct-acting mutagen in Salmonella typhimurium, was mutagenic in CHO cells only...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Thornton-Manning JR,Smith BA,Beland FA,Heflich RH

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative stress is involved in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation and extracellular matrix overproduction. We previously reported the promising effects of dioscin against CCl4-induced liver fibrosis, but its effects and mechanisms on BDL- and DMN-induced liver fibrosis remain unknown. The results in the present...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Gu L,Tao X,Xu Y,Han X,Qi Y,Xu L,Yin L,Peng J

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammatory responses are accompanied by increased expression of hepatocyte-derived proteins collectively known as acute phase reactants (APR). B6C3F1 female mice were exposed intraperitoneally every 24 hr to either vehicle (PBS) or DMN (5 mg/kg) for up to six exposures. Following a single treatment (acute), liver ti...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lockwood JF,Rutherford MS,Myers MJ,Schook LB

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxic cardiovascular effects of allylamine and beta-aminopropionitrile were studied in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats given allylamine alone (AA), 100 mg/kg/day, beta-aminopropionitrile alone (beta APN), 1 g/kg/day, or both chemicals (AA + beta APN) by gavage. Rats were given a total of 10 doses in 11 days. Rats given...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kumar D,Hysmith RM,Boor PJ

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is of concern as a drinking water contaminant, it has been necessary in most oral toxicity studies to give CCl4 in an oil vehicle due to its limited water solubility. The primary objective of our study was to assess the influence of dosing vehicles on the acute hepatotoxicity of CC...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kim HJ,Odend'hal S,Bruckner JV

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors have been shown to produce fewer gastrointestinal adverse reactions when compared with conventional nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and they suppress angiogenesis in tumors. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of highly selecti...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Guo JS,Cho CH,Lam Liu ES,Choy HT,Wang JY,Leung Koo MW

更新日期：2002-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Assessment of toxic or mutagenic risks associated with phosphorothioate oligonucleotides (PTO) is important. In vitro and in vivo data have shown that PTOs are nontoxic and nonmutagenic. However, these studies do not address interactions between PTOs and other compounds. The sulfur on PTOs may provide a novel reactive...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Copple BL,Gmeiner WM,Iversen PL

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution and exact cellular localization of mercury in the brain and upper cervical spinal cord of the adult male Wistar rat has been determined using the autometallographic silver-enhancement technique. A detailed atlas of mercury-containing nuclei following oral administration of HgCl2 (20 mg x liter-1 or CH...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Møller-Madsen B,Danscher G

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00