Abstract:
:1. It was the aim of this study to show that nucleus Z of the cat medulla acts as a relay between the spinal cord and the ventral lateral (VL) nucleus of the motor thalamus. For this purpose, extracellular recordings were made from neurons that were antidromically identified by stimulation in the rostral thalamus, particularly VL, and orthodromically activated by electrical stimulation of the spinal cord and/or natural stimulation of the hindlimb. The electrophysiological work was complemented by anatomic work. Here, wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) was injected into nucleus Z and the termination sites of bulbothalamic projections were anterogradely labeled. 2. A total of 120 neurons were antidromically identified as projecting to thalamus: 101 to VL and 19 outside VL. The recording sites in nucleus Z were marked by dye injection or by electrolytic lesion. They were confined to a small region (roughly 1 mm in diameter), 2.8-3.7 mm rostral to obex, 2.9-3.8 mm lateral from the midline, and from the surface of the medulla to a depth of 1 mm. The antidromic latencies ranged between 0.8 and 3.2 ms, with no difference in latencies associated with location of neurons in nucleus Z or thalamic projection sites. 3. Injection of WGA-HRP labeled fibers and axon terminals in the contralateral thalamus. Terminal labeling was densest in the lateral parts of the mid- and caudal region of the VL nucleus and, to a lesser extent, in the adjacent rostrodorsal part of the ventro-posterior lateral (VPL) nucleus. The sites of terminal labeling in VL corresponded with location of antidromic stimulation sites. 4. Orthodromic activation of nucleus Z neurons was tested in response to electrical stimulation of the ipsilateral dorsolateral funiculus (which includes the dorsal spinocerebellar tract) and/or the dorsal columns. All neurons responded to stimulation of the dorsolateral funiculus (45/45). The responsiveness of 44 neurons was tested to stimulation of the dorsal columns. Only 8 of 44 tested responded with a discharge. The orthodromic latencies of unitary discharges ranged from 1.1 to 4.4 ms to stimulation of the dorsolateral funiculus, and from 1.1 to 4.9 ms to stimulation of the dorsal columns. Most responses are likely to be monosynaptic. Differences in latencies were not associated with location of recording sites or thalamic projection sites of nucleus Z neurons. 5. The responsiveness of many neurons (n = 84) was tested to natural stimulation of the ipsilateral hindlimb (which provides the sensory input to nucleus Z).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Mackel R,Miyashita Edoi
10.1152/jn.1993.69.5.1607subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-05-01 00:00:00pages
1607-20issue
5eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
69pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Odor responses of neocortical neurons in rabbits under light pentobarbital anesthesia were studied in a restricted area in the lateral half of the prefrontal cortex close to the frontal pole. A preevent cumulative sum chart provided a visual display of the change in unit discharge rate following each odor stimulation,...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1984.52.4.638
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spinal network coordinating locomotion is comprised of a core of glutamate and glycine interneurons. This network is modulated by several transmitter systems including spinal GABA interneurons. The purpose of this study is to explore the contribution of GABAergic neurons to the regulation of locomotor burst freque...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00233.2004
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poststroke pain syndrome (PSPS) is an often intractable disorder characterized by hemiparesis associated with unrelenting chronic pain. Although traditional analgesics have largely failed, integrative approaches targeting affective-cognitive spheres have started to show promise. Recently, we demonstrated that deep bra...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1152/jn.00830.2017
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We propose that the descending command from area 4 that is responsible, in part, for the change in limb trajectory required to step over an obstacle in one's path also plays a role in triggering the anticipatory postural modifications that accompany this movement. To test this hypothesis, we recorded the discharge cha...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.1.406
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A growing body of evidence suggests that decision-making and action execution are governed by partly overlapping operating principles. Especially, previous work proposed that a shared decision urgency/movement vigor signal, possibly computed in the basal ganglia, coordinates both deliberation and movement durations in...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00220.2020
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Across the entire human body, postural tone might play its most critical role in the body's axis because the axis joins the four limbs and head into a single functioning unit during complex motor tasks as well as in static postures. Although postural tone is commonly viewed as low-level, tonic motor activity, we hypot...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00406.2006
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The macaque middle temporal area (MT) is exquisitely sensitive to visual motion and there is a large amount of evidence that neural activity in MT is tightly correlated with the perception of motion. The mechanisms by which MT neurons achieve their directional selectivity, however, have received considerably less atte...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00473.2004
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humans and songbirds shape learned vocalizations during a sensorimotor sensitive period or "babbling" phase. The brain mechanisms that underlie the shaping of vocalizations by sensory feedback are not known. We examined song behavior and brain activity in zebra finches during singing as they actively shaped their song...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00907.2006
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the organization of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the tree shrew (Tupaia glis) using both microelectrode recording and anatomical techniques. The tree shrew LGN contains approximately 100,000 cells, of which 20% are in layers 2 and 6. These two layers receive input from the ips...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1983.50.6.1330
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recurrent mossy fiber pathway of the dentate gyrus expands dramatically in many persons with temporal lobe epilepsy. The new connections among granule cells provide a novel mechanism of synchronization that could enhance the participation of these cells in seizures. Despite the presence of robust recurrent mossy f...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.84.5.2380
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transection of a peripheral nerve results in withdrawal of synapses from motoneurons. Some of the withdrawn synapses are restored spontaneously, but those containing the vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1), and arising mainly from primary afferent neurons, are withdrawn permanently. If animals are exercised imm...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00892.2014
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mesencephalic trigeminal (M-V) neurons are primary somatosensory neurons with somata located within the CNS, instead of in peripheral sensory ganglia. In amphibians, these unipolar cells are found within the optic tectum and have a single axon that runs along the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve. The axon has...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.91317.2008
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study determined the effect of mixed (slip- and trip-like stance perturbation) training on reactive responses in people with chronic stroke (PwCS) and examined modulation of their reactive responses on higher intensity perturbations posttraining (scaling). Twelve PwCS were exposed to consecutive blocks of treadmi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00671.2019
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons in the medial superior olive (MSO) are tuned to the interaural time difference (ITD) of sound arriving at the two ears. MSO neurons evoke a strongest response at their best delay (BD), at which the internal delay between bilateral inputs to MSO matches the external ITD. We performed extracellular recordings in...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00131.2011
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to examine whether subjects who have learned a skilled locomotor task can transfer the acquired performance to conditions involving either a change in the external coordinates or in the sensory input from one leg. Subjects were trained to step over an obstacle with minimal foot clearance with...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00397.2004
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of feedback from large-diameter sensory fibers to the adaptation of soleus muscle activity after small ankle trajectory modifications during human walking. Small-amplitude and slow-velocity ankle dorsiflexion enhancements and reductions were applied during the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01071.2004
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The stress hormone corticosterone increases the amplitude of the slow afterhyperpolarization (sAHP) in CA1 pyramidal neurons, without affecting resting membrane potential, input resistance, or action potential characteristics. We here examined how corticosterone affects these properties in the basolateral amygdala (BL...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01137.2007
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies of spiral ganglion neuron electrophysiology have shown that specific parameters differ according to cochlear location, with apical neurons being distinctly different from basal neurons. To align these features more precisely along the tonotopic axis of the cochlea, we developed a novel spiral ganglion...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00284.2007
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Active sensing in biological system consists of emitting/receiving a periodic signal to explore the environment. The signal can be emitted toward distant objects, as in echolocation, or in direct contact with the object, for example, whisking in rodents. We explored the hypothesis that a similar mechanism exists in hu...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00756.2018
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previously, an essential tremor-like phenotype has been noted in animals with a global knockout of the GABAAα1 subunit. Given the hypothesized role of the cerebellum in tremor, including essential tremor, we used transgenic mice to selectively knock out the GABAAα1 subunit from cerebellar Purkinje cells. We examined t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00100.2020
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Using an optical method for measuring membrane potential, we have been able to monitor action-potential activity simultaneously in 14 neurons of the supraesophageal ganglion of the barnacle. 2. Under favorable conditions, 4-mV synaptic potentials could also be detected optically. ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1977.40.6.1281
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The caudal mesopallium (CM) is a cortical-level area in the songbird auditory pathway where selective, invariant responses to familiar songs emerge. To characterize the cell types that perform this computation, we made whole cell recordings from brain slices in juvenile zebra finches ( Taeniopygia guttata) of both sex...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00694.2017
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fluorescent protein (XFP) expression in postnatal neurons allows the anatomical and physiological investigation of identified subpopulations of interneurons with established techniques. However, the spatiotemporal pattern of activity of these XFP neurons within a network and their role in the functional output of the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01207.2006
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We show that fast bimanual coordinative feedback responses can be reversed with changes in task goals. Participants moved a flexible virtual object across a finish line with an upward movement of both hands. In one condition, the middle of the object had to be aligned with a spatial goal at the end of the movement. In...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90887.2008
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many critically ill patients in intensive care units suffer from an infection-induced whole body inflammatory state known as sepsis, which causes severe weakness in patients who survive. The mechanisms by which sepsis triggers intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW) remain unclear. Currently, research into ICUAW...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00936.2012
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contrasting theories of visual attention have emphasized selection by spatial location, individual features, and whole objects. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to ask whether and how attention to one feature of an object spreads to other features of the same object. Subjects viewed two spatially superimp...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00828.2012
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our understanding of how we learn and retain motor behaviors is still limited. For instance, there is conflicting evidence as to whether the memory of a learned visuomotor perturbation consolidates; i.e., the motor memory becomes resistant to interference from learning a competing perturbation over time. Here, we soug...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00178.2016
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ocular following (OFR) is a short-latency visual stabilization response to the optic flow experienced during self-motion. It has been proposed that it represents the early component of optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) and that it is functionally linked to the vestibularly driven stabilization reflex during translation (tra...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01020.2004
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interaural time differences (ITDs) conveyed by the modulated envelopes of high-frequency sounds can serve as a cue for localizing a sound source. Klein-Hennig et al. (J Acoust Soc Am 129: 3856, 2011) demonstrated the envelope attack (the rate at which stimulus energy in the envelope increases) and the duration of the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01048.2015
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity of the crayfish abdominal postural motoneurons and their associated neurons (the accessory neuron(s) and the MRO(1)) were examined with the aid of techniques for the analysis of simultaneously recorded spike trains. A means of reliably identifying the spikes of the individual motoneurons based on their re...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1975.38.2.313
更新日期:1975-03-01 00:00:00