Comparison of the polymerase chain reaction with two classical parasitological methods for the diagnosis of Chagas disease in an endemic region of north-eastern Brazil.

abstract：:Subclinical mastitis, defined as raised milk sodium/potassium (Na/K) ratio is common and associated with poor infant growth and increased mother-to-child HIV transmission. In 1996-97, we conducted a randomized controlled trial of multiple micronutrient supplementation, at recommended daily allowance levels, from 22 to...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Gomo E,Filteau SM,Tomkins AM,Ndhlovu P,Michaelsen KF,Friis H

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mefloquine is an antimalarial drug with a 3-week elimination half-life, which has led to concerns that toxic accumulation may occur during weekly administration for long-term malaria chemoprophylaxis. Despite the endorsement of weekly mefloquine by the World Health Organization and the United States Centers for Diseas...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Pennie RA,Koren G,Crevoisier C

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Night blood surveys for filariasis were carried out in two camps of repatriates from Bangladesh. The sample consisted of 1,101 Biharis above one year of age of whom 9.0% were found infected with Wuchereria bancrofti. The infection rate was significantly higher in males (10.2%) than in females (6.7%). Of the three mosq...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Aslamkhan M,Pervez SD

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The world-wide occurrence of tuberculosis (TB) is very high, and in many parts of the world prevalence has reached epidemic proportions. While the WHO's global 'directly observed therapy short-course' (DOTS) programme has yielded some notable successes, it has reached only 12% of the world's TB cases (1996 data). This...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Beggs CB,Kerr KG,Donnelly JK,Sleigh PA,Mara DD,Cairns G

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 25 cases of pellagra and 10 healthy controls, the blood pyruvic acid levels in the fasting stage and after 60 and 90 minutes of glucose load were estimated by the technique of Friedmann & Haugen (1943). The blood pyruvic acid levels after 60 and 90 minutes of glucose load were significantly higher in pellagrins as ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Bedi HK,Bomb BS,Agarwal MP,Bhatnagar LK

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We aimed to estimate and compare the ability of clinical tools for dengue diagnosis in a pediatric population. METHODS:We prospectively evaluated episodes of acute febrile syndrome identified during the follow-up of a population-based cohort of children and adolescents residing in a dengue endemic city. We ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Diaz-Quijano FA,Figueiredo GM,Waldman EA,Figueiredo WM,Cardoso MRA,Campos SRC,Costa AA,Pannuti CS,Luna EJA

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Plasmodium vivax malaria has been recognised as an important cause of morbidity in several African countries. The prevalence was previously estimated as 2-5% in eastern Sudan. These estimates are observed to be rising and spreading continuously. The present study was undertaken to investigate the situation o...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Elgoraish AG,Elzaki SEG,Ahmed RT,Ahmed AI,Fadlalmula HA,Abdalgader Mohamed S,Abdallah NI,Abdelgadir O,Ageep TB,El-Sayed BB

更新日期：2019-06-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Study of the effects of malaria chemoprophylaxis given during pregnancy on birthweight and investigation of the influence of birthweight on child survival suggest that, in a rural area of The Gambia, chemoprophylaxis given during pregnancy might reduce infant mortality by about one-fifth in the children of primigravid...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Greenwood AM,Armstrong JR,Byass P,Snow RW,Greenwood BM

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a disfiguring parasitic disease and one of the leading causes of disability in the world. This study aimed to assess the severity of lymphoedema, the physical restrictions and socio-economic impact on affected individuals living in an endemic community in Malawi. METHODS:In a si...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Martindale S,Mkwanda SZ,Smith E,Molyneux D,Stanton MC,Kelly-Hope LA

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2005-2006, a large outbreak of Chikungunya (CHIK) fever occurred on the western Indian Ocean Islands. In Mayotte, concurrent with an enhanced passive case notification system, we carried out two surveys. A seroprevalence survey designed to document recent CHIK infection was conducted on serum samples collected from...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Sissoko D,Malvy D,Giry C,Delmas G,Paquet C,Gabrie P,Pettinelli F,Sanquer MA,Pierre V

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The polymerase chain reaction was applied to capillary blood spots dried on filter paper from 20 parasitologically proved cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), 21 subclinical cases, and 11 healthy controls in a longitudinal study of anthroponotic VL in Baringo District, Kenya. Leishmania deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) wa...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Schaefer KU,Schoone GJ,Gachihi GS,Muller AS,Kager PA,Meredith SE

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Improved awareness of Pap test by Nigerian women may not necessarily increase its use. This hypothesis was tested using female medical practitioners in Enugu state, Nigeria. They were expected to be advocates of disease screening and therefore should lead by example. All respondents were aware of the Pap smear but onl...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Dim CC,Ekwe E,Madubuko T,Dim NR,Ezegwui HU

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Defaecation timing of the Triatominae vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi directly affects the transmission probability of Chagas disease to mammal hosts. Experimental studies with fifth instar nymphs of Triatoma infestans showed that defaecation time was negatively affected by blood meal size and positively affected by star...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Trumper EV,Gorla DE

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The objective of study was to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of diagnostic options for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Brazil. METHODS:Six diagnostic tests were considered: IT LEISH, Kalazar Detect, DAT-LPC (DAT made in the Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas), IFAT, PCR and direct ex...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Machado de Assis TS,Azeredo-da-Silva AL,Werneck GL,Rabello A

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptococcal infection remains almost the sole cause of the clinical syndrome of acute glomerulonephritis in African children. Evidence for this is in elevated levels of antistreptolysin "O" (ASO) titre in 93% of 28 patients and growth of Group Abeta haemolytic streptococci from the skin and throat in 32%. Spread of ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Hallett AF,Adhikari M,Cooper R,Coovadia HM

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are conflicting reports on the presence of neurocognitive dysfunction during the initial, medically asymptomatic stage of HIV infection. This study aimed to assess the psychomotor speed and attention ability of antiretroviral treatment-naïve Nigerian Africans with HIV/AIDS and the impact of CD4 levels on their c...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Ogunrin AO,Odiase FE,Ogunniyi A

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In highly malaria-endemic areas, thick smears are usually positive regardless of the clinical context. Therefore the simple positivity or negativity of the thick smear is not an adequate criterion for distinguishing malaria from other causes of fever. In order to define simple parasitological and clinical criteria for...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Trape JF,Peelman P,Morault-Peelman B

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An evaluation of the performance of the Kersey Nutrition Rehabilitation Centre in Nigeria was undertaken with particular focus on mortality, rate of weight gain, and the management strategy. During 1987-1991 the total number of admissions for protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) was 803. The age group most commonly repre...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Ibekwe VE,Ashworth A

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical and epidemiological features of 62 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, from Pará State, Amazonian Brazil, are discussed. The parasite, isolated in hamster skin and/or blood-agar culture medium, was in each case identified by both biological characteristics and a mo...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Silveira FT,Lainson R,Shaw JJ,De Souza AA,Ishikawa EA,Braga RR

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using the IgG fraction of a monospecific sheep antiserum against the circulating anodic antigen (CAA) of Schistosoma mansoni, an indirect haemagglutination reaction for the determination of this antigen was developed. This is the first time that an IHA has been applied to the detection of circulating antigens in paras...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Deelder AM,Eveleigh PC

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cold, acidified anthrone was used to test 200 wild-caught sandflies (Phlebotomus ariasi females) for the presence of fructose. This sugar, or others with a fructose moiety, were demonstrable in 157 (79%) of the flies; proportions of flies positive in different tests ranged from 44 to 91%. Higher proportions of flies g...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Young CJ,Turner DP,Killick-Kendrick R,Rioux JA,Leaney AJ

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:WHO recommends that anthelmintic treatment be included in strategies to improve maternal nutrition in areas where hookworms are endemic and anaemia is prevalent. At present, few countries have adopted this recommendation, partly owing to the lack of data to support the adverse effects of hookworms on maternal health. ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Torlesse H,Hodges M

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibiotic resistance on account of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) has become a major public health concern in developing countries. The presence of ESBL-PE is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. There is no active antimicrobial surveillance mechan...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Musa BM,Imam H,Lendel A,Abdulkadir I,Gumi HS,Aliyu MH,Habib AG

更新日期：2020-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to use a modified Lot Quality Assurance Sampling methodology to classify communities according to prevalence of active trachoma and to estimate the prevalence of trachoma and trichiasis in Nioro department, Kaolack Region, Senegal. A survey was conducted using two-stage cluster sampling...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Faye M,Kuper H,Dineen B,Bailey R

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Isoenzyme profiles of 28 stocks of Leishmania aethiopica were compared with those of reference strains of L. aethiopica, L. tropica and L. major using starch-gel electrophoresis of 13 enzymes (GPI, GD, ES, PGM, PEPD, NH, ASAT, ALAT, PK, MPI, 6PGD, SOD, MDH). 13 zymodemes were seen. L. aethiopica showed some infraspeci...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Le Blancq SM,Belehu A,Peters W

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The involvement of the lung in 13 cases of human visceral leishmaniasis was studied. Interstitial pneumonitis with mononuclear cells was found in 76.8% of the cases; 53.8% also had foci of septal fibrosis. Leishmania were seen within macrophages in 3 cases only. However, all 10 interstitial pneumonitis cases showed PA...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Duarte MI,da Matta VL,Corbett CE,Laurenti MD,Chebabo R,Goto H

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Growth of Giardia intestinalis in TYI-S-33 medium containing a sub-lethal concentration of metronidazole over a period of 66 weeks selected a line of organisms that was over 8 times less sensitive to the drug. This resistance was unstable and the organisms reverted to their original sensitivity within 22 weeks of grow...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Boreham PF,Phillips RE,Shepherd RW

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Conventional malaria surveys based on the microscopic examination of blood do not always detect chronic, low-grade infections caused by immunity. A model incorporating differences in detectability within the host population shows how the false negative tests caused by poor detectability confound measures of prevalence...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Aron JL

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Two long sewerage canals in the city of Kolkata, India were heavily infested with larvae, pupae and egg rafts of the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. Although the burden of bancroftian filariasis and other diseases transmitted by C. quinquefasciatus in the city is practically zero, the night-biting mosquitoe...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Biswas D,Mandal B,Biswas B,Banerjee A,Mukherjee TK

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The identification of early markers that predict the response to anti-tuberculosis treatment would facilitate evaluation of new drugs and improve patient management. This study aimed to determine whether selected acute phase proteins and micronutrients measured at the time of diagnosis and during the first weeks of tr...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Almeida ML,Barbieri MA,Gurgel RQ,Abdurrahman ST,Baba UA,Hart CA,Shenkin A,Silva AM,de Souza L,Cuevas LE

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00