Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Two long sewerage canals in the city of Kolkata, India were heavily infested with larvae, pupae and egg rafts of the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. Although the burden of bancroftian filariasis and other diseases transmitted by C. quinquefasciatus in the city is practically zero, the night-biting mosquitoes are a great nuisance to residents living alongside the canals. It is known that mosquitoes survive poorly in water agitated by wave and wind action. METHOD:The health department of Kolkata Municipal Corporation undertook, from November 2010 to April 2012, a programme of plying speedboats along the canals to prevent C. quinquefasciatus breeding. At the same time, along stretches of canal too shallow to permit the use of speedboats and where the canal banks are inaccessible to spraymen, the edges were treated with larvicidal spray, Temephos 50% EC (emulsifiable concentrate), using small rowing boats as transport. RESULT:The densities of egg rafts and immature and adult insects declined dramatically when the speedboats were deployed and remained low for the duration of the project. For Feburary, the peak month for C. quinquefasciatus breeding, densities for egg rafts, larvae, pupae and adults, respectively, declined from 800, 2942, 1457 and 662 to 3, 75, 15 and 27. The cost was comparable to that of using larvicidal spray where this required the use of rowing boats. CONCLUSION:Speedboat-generated waves are effective in preventing the breeding of mosquitoes in otherwise mosquitogenic canals. Where use of boats is an option and use of insecticides is unfeasible or undesirable, the plying of speedboats is a potentially ecofriendly approach to mosquito control.
journal_name
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hygauthors
Biswas D,Mandal B,Biswas B,Banerjee A,Mukherjee TKdoi
10.1093/trstmh/trs026subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-03-01 00:00:00pages
147-51issue
3eissn
0035-9203issn
1878-3503pii
trs026journal_volume
107pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:From the early 1900s, visceral leishmaniasis (VL; kala-azar) has been among the most important health problems in Sudan, particularly in the main endemic area in the eastern and central regions. Several major epidemics have occurred, the most recent--in Western Upper Nile province in southern Sudan, detected in 1988--...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90218-4
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Singapore in 2005 there were 14,209 documented cases of dengue fever, including 25 deaths. The epidemiology of dengue in Singapore is changing, with increasingly severe infection in adults with chronic disease being recognised. We performed a retrospective review of nine adult patients who died of dengue-related il...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.06.005
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 2005-2006, a large outbreak of Chikungunya (CHIK) fever occurred on the western Indian Ocean Islands. In Mayotte, concurrent with an enhanced passive case notification system, we carried out two surveys. A seroprevalence survey designed to document recent CHIK infection was conducted on serum samples collected from...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.02.018
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common comorbidities in HIV-positive patients with CD4+ T lymphocytes below 200 cells/μl. Early diagnosis and treatment of toxoplasmosis reduces the mortality rate in HIV-positive people. The aim of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trz082
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because background seroepidemiological data are required before nationwide vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) is attempted, the rate of exposure to HBV was investigated in two high-risk Saudi groups: patients on haemodialysis and patients with congenital bleeding disorders. Although the HBsAg carrier rate was...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(89)90668-8
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is an important cause of acute viral hepatitis in tropical and sub-tropical regions that occurs both as epidemic episodes and sporadic cases. The aim of this investigation was to estimate the prevalence of total immunoglobulin (Ig) anti-hepatitis E virus (anti-HEV) and the risk factor...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.08.006
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Immunoepidemiologic studies have shown a relationship between IgE and IgG4 antibodies with age and with resistance and susceptibility to infection. It is believed that the IgE and IgG4 responses to soluble egg antigen (SEA) can be used for serological analysis of infection and post-treatment status. This stu...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trt091
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG; beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase; EC 3.2.1.30), blood urea, serum creatinine and creatinine clearance were measured in 23 patients bitten by Russell's viper (Daboia russelii siamensis), with systemic envenomation, at different time intervals after the bite during clinical obse...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(96)90125-x
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Central nervous system involvement due to toxoplasmosis in an immunocompetent host is very rare. We report a case of an immunocompetent patient who presented with suspected tuberculous meningoencephalitis but showed no clinical response to antitubercular therapy. Later, toxoplasmic meningoencephalitis was proved by po...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.06.017
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Among many other factors, malaria plays a major causative role of anaemia globally. The mechanisms leading to anaemia in the course of malaria are extremely diverse, involving immunological factors that act differently according to age and malaria epidemiology. The malaria-attributable fraction of anaemia may then dif...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/tru012
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transient rises in parasitaemia occur commonly during the treatment of falciparum malaria but their prognostic significance has not been well defined. Twelve-hourly parasite counts from 133 malaria patients who were ultimately cured were therefore compared with counts from 97 therapeutic failures to determine if incre...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(92)90217-z
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe here a method, potentially suitable for field applications, for semi-quantitative detection of Mycobacterium leprae antigens in skin scrapings, which are taken normally for smear microscopy. Thirty acid-fast bacilli-negative paucibacillary (PB) leprosy patients comprised the main study group; eight acid-fa...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.02.026
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The involvement of the lung in 13 cases of human visceral leishmaniasis was studied. Interstitial pneumonitis with mononuclear cells was found in 76.8% of the cases; 53.8% also had foci of septal fibrosis. Leishmania were seen within macrophages in 3 cases only. However, all 10 interstitial pneumonitis cases showed PA...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(89)90712-8
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lysophospholipid analogues (LPAs) comprise a class of metabolically stable compounds that have been developed as anticancer agents for over two decades, but which have also potent and selective antiparasitic activity, particularly against trypanosomatid parasites such as Leishmania and Trypanosoma cruzi, both in vitro...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2006.03.010
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A variety of neurological manifestations of infection with Burkholderia pseudomallei have been described including cerebral abscesses, which are a well-recognized form of neurological melioidosis. The optimal antibiotic therapy for this condition has not been defined; however, combinations of intravenous antibiotics a...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90248-8
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Forty human strains of Leishmania infantum isolated in 1985-99 from 17 patients with repeated cutaneous, mucosal or visceral leishmaniasis episodes in Catalonia (Spain) were examined by isoenzyme electrophoresis. Six zymodemes were revealed: MON-1, MON-24, MON-28, MON-29, MON-33 and MON-34. In 2 patients 2 different z...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90235-x
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to estimate the importance as a public health problem of skin diseases, we investigated the prevalence and severity of skin diseases in a representative sample of children in Mali. 1817 children were randomly selected in 30 clusters by probability-proportional-to-size sampling in Koulikoro region. The mean pr...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(95)90068-3
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Simple pit latrines often represent the cheapest form of sanitation for poor communities. However, simple latrines lack a concrete slab and are therefore classified as an unimproved form of sanitation. This study collected soil samples in simple pit latrines and analysed them for the presence of helminth eggs; 71% of ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2012.08.002
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Home-Based Management of Fever/Malaria (HBMF) strategy in rural Uganda was evaluated in a quasi-experimental study. The intervention consisted of volunteers educating mothers and providing a 3-day course of pre-packaged chloroquine plus sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine tablets (HOMAPAK), free of charge, for the treatment...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.08.005
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Malaysian, British and New Zealand soldiers were tested for evidence of infection with Rickettsia tsutsugamushi after several weeks' exposure to the infection during field exercises in Malaysia. 39 (5.0%) of 787 British and New Zealand soldiers developed immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) to R. tsutsugamushi to a titre ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(83)90079-2
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent investigations on the distribution of human and canine leishmaniasis, and on the vectors and wild reservoirs of the disease in foci in Tuscany have stimulated a retrospective evaluation of human leishmaniasis of the whole region. From a study of the literature, of statistical reports (ISTAT) and of unpublished ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(81)90087-0
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a longitudinal study to determine the effect of annual community-based treatment of ocular onchocerciasis with ivermectin, the population living in the 3 most affected villages in the holo-endemic onchocerciasis focus of Asubende in Ghana were re-examined 16 and 24 months after initiating treatment. Ocular microfil...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(91)90051-y
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Examination of 97 rats trapped in Port Moresby and Lae on the mainland of Papua New Guinea and in Rabaul, East New Britain Province, showed that 12.4% were infected by Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Larval An. cantonensis were found in Achatina fulica snails collected at these towns, from the Ramu Valley near Madang on ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(84)90017-8
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We aimed to estimate and compare the ability of clinical tools for dengue diagnosis in a pediatric population. METHODS:We prospectively evaluated episodes of acute febrile syndrome identified during the follow-up of a population-based cohort of children and adolescents residing in a dengue endemic city. We ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/try135
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An evaluation of the performance of the Kersey Nutrition Rehabilitation Centre in Nigeria was undertaken with particular focus on mortality, rate of weight gain, and the management strategy. During 1987-1991 the total number of admissions for protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) was 803. The age group most commonly repre...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(94)90177-5
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper is a report of the first year of follow-up on 250 pre-school children in a village in Ghana. The mean weight for age and the mean height for age at the start of the study, ranged between 81 and 97% and 91 and 101.4% of the median WHO reference standards respectively. Classified according to Waterlow (1973) ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(86)90012-x
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study was undertaken to assess the role of cockroaches as potential carriers of human intestinal parasites in Addis Ababa and Ziway, Ethiopia. A total of 6480 cockroaches were trapped from the two localities from October 2006 to March 2007. All the cockroaches trapped in Addis Ababa (n=2240) and almost 50% (2100/424...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.05.009
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A serological survey was carried out to determine the frequency of distribution of hydatid antibodies in Pondicherry during 1981 to 1984. 1325 apparently normal sera and 109 sera from clinically suspected hydatid disease cases were screened by the indirect haemagglutination (IHA) test. Results showed a diagnostic titr...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(87)90037-x
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Active community and self-reporting surveillance techniques have been used to describe the dynamics of febrile illness and associated malaria infection in children aged 2 to 15 years from a rural area of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea (PNG). Both history of fever and fever in association with parasitaemia appeared ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(94)90292-5
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We previously standardized the direct agglutination test (DAT) to detect anti-Leishmania chagasi promastigote antibodies (DAT-LPC) with good sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing visceral leishmaniasis (VL). In this paper, we present a technical upgrade by introducing some modifications into the antigen preparati...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.04.007
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
