Abstract:
:1. Two subtypes of astrocytes that expressed distinctly different ion channel complements were identified in primary cultures from rat spinal cord and hippocampus using whole cell patch-clamp techniques. One population of cells expressed voltage-activated Na+ currents and displayed outwardly rectifying I-V relationships; the other group of cells had no detectable Na+ currents and pronounced inwardly rectifying I-V curves. 2. Astrocytes expressing Na+ currents were hyperpolarized (by approximately 7 mV) upon removal of external sodium, suggesting a resting Na+ conductance in these cells. In contrast, cells expressing primarily inwardly rectifying K+ currents, Kir, depolarized (by approximately 4-6 mV) in low-sodium solutions. 3. Removal of external Na+ ions increased the input resistance (189% of control) and reduced the whole cell current amplitude (60% of control at -120 mV) of cells with Kir. The reduction in current amplitude was dose-dependent and became apparent after a 10% reduction of [Na+]0 in 7/7 cells tested. At -120 mV, the effect was near maximal in response to a 50% reduction of [Na+]0. 4. The outward potassium currents of cells expressing Na(+)-currents were unaffected by removal of bath Na+. 5. We conclude that the conductance of glial inwardly rectifying K+ channels is dependent on external sodium ions via a mechanism that does not involve sodium ion permeation or blockade of these channels.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Ransom CB,Sontheimer H,Janigro Ddoi
10.1152/jn.1996.76.1.626subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-07-01 00:00:00pages
626-30issue
1eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The anterior branch of N. VIII was sectioned in adult frogs. Two months later the brain was isolated to record in vitro responses in the vestibular nuclei and from the abducens nerves following electric stimulation of the anterior branch of N. VIII or of the posterior canal nerve. Extra- and intracellularly recorded r...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.84.1.581
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Three parallel maps of the distribution of tuberous electroreceptor inputs are found in the medullary electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL) of weakly electric fish. Pyramidal cells in each map are known to respond differentially to the frequency of amplitude modulations (AMs) of external electric fields in vivo. W...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.76.4.2364
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have pointed to olfactory system beta oscillations of the local field potential (15-30 Hz) and their roles both in learning and as specific responses to predator odors. To describe odorant physical properties, resultant behavioral responses and changes in the central olfactory system that may induce the...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00124.2007
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::These experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that climbing fiber inputs evoked by a peripheral stimulus increase the responsiveness of Purkinje cells to mossy fiber inputs. This hypothesis was based on a previous series of observations demonstrating that spontaneous climbing fiber inputs are associated with ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1983.50.1.205
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::C-mechanoreceptors in humans comprise a population of unmyelinated afferents exhibiting a wide range of mechanical sensitivities. C-mechanoreceptors are putatively divided into those signaling gentle touch (C-tactile afferents, CTs) and nociception (C-mechanosensitive nociceptors, CMs), giving rise to positive and neg...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00939.2016
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human visual system is remarkably sensitive to environmental regularities, which can facilitate behavioral performance when sensory events conform to past experience. The point at which prior knowledge is integrated during visual perception is unclear, particularly for incidentally learned associations. One possib...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00733.2017
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Octopus cells in the posteroventral cochlear nucleus (PVCN) of mammals are biophysically specialized to detect coincident firing in the population of auditory nerve fibers that provide their synaptic input and to convey its occurrence with temporal precision. The precision in the timing of action potentials depends on...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.86.5.2299
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We asked whether podokinetic adaptation to walking on a circular treadmill transfers to different forms of locomotion. Subjects were blindfolded and asked to walk straight across the floor, in the forward and backward directions, following podokinetic (PK) stimulation that consisted of 30 min of forward walking-in-pla...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.86.4.1666
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Visual interneurons tuned to the motion of small objects are found in many animal species and are assumed to be the neuronal basis of figure-ground discrimination by relative motion. A well-examined example is the FD1-cell in the third visual neuropil of blowflies. This cell type responds best to motion of small ob...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.69.2.329
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Simultaneous, whole-cell recordings were obtained from synaptically coupled photoreceptor/bipolar cell pairs, by the use of direct visualization in a superfused, mudpuppy retinal slice preparation. 2. OFF-bipolar cells (BPs) generated sign-conserving responses when extrinsic current was injected into rods and cones...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.69.2.352
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mg2+-extrusion from Mg2+-loaded neurons of the leech, Hirudo medicinalis, is mediated mainly by Na+/Mg2+ antiport. However, in a number of leech neurons, Mg2+ is extruded in the nominal absence of extracellular Na+, indicating the existence of an additional, Na+-independent Mg2+ transport mechanism. This mechanism was...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01221.2004
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Single-unit and multiunit activities were recorded at the area 17-18 border of each cortical hemisphere in paralyzed cats anesthetized with nitrous oxide supplemented with halothane. Cross-correlation histograms (CCHs) were computed between 86 pairs of single units and 99 pairs of multiunit activities. Visually evo...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1995.74.6.2379
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Voltage-activated currents in blue cones of the retinal slice of zebrafish were characterized using whole cell recording techniques. Depolarizing-elicited currents were recorded: an outward tetraethylammonium (TEA)-sensitive K+ current (IKx), an outward Ca(2+)-activated Cl- current (ICl(Ca)), from which we inferred an...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.77.3.1447
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Bicuculline-induced epileptiform bursts in slices of neocortical tissue resected from children (3 mo to 14 yr) undergoing neurosurgical treatment for intractable epilepsy were studied with conventional intracellular recording techniques. The purposes of this study were to characterize the bursts evoked in immature ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.70.5.1759
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Such perisaccadic mislocalization is maximal in the direction of the saccade and varies systematically with the target-saccade onset delay. We have recently shown that under head-fixed conditions perisaccadic errors do not follow the quantitative predictions of current visuomotor models that explain these mislocalizat...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90276.2008
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Voice onset time (VOT) is an important parameter of speech that denotes the time interval between consonant onset and the onset of low-frequency periodicity generated by rhythmic vocal cord vibration. Voiced stop consonants (/b/, /g/, and /d/) in syllable initial position are characterized by short VOTs, whereas unvoi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.82.5.2346
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noninvasive alternating current stimulation can induce vision restoration in patients with chronic optic nerve damage and results in electroencephalogram (EEG) aftereffects. To better understand the mechanisms of action, we studied such EEG "aftereffects" of transcorneal alternating current stimulation (tACS) at the c...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00341.2012
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Discharges of neurons in the peripheral auditory system contain information about the temporal features of acoustic stimuli. Phase-locking of neurons in the anteroventral cochlear nucleus (AVCN) is usually reported to be less robust than in auditory nerve (AN) fibers, which provide their major input. In a companion...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1994.71.3.1037
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here we show that inhibition shapes diverse responses to species-specific calls in the inferior colliculus (IC) of Mexican free-tailed bats. We presented 10 calls to each neuron of which 8 were social communication and 2 were echolocation calls. We also measured excitatory response regions: the range of tone burst fre...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.88.4.1941
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rack and Westbury showed that low-frequency asynchronous stimulation of a muscle produces greater force compared with synchronous stimulation. This study tested the hypothesis that the difference results from the dynamic stretch of the common elastic elements. In eight anesthetized cats, the soleus was attached to a s...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01304.2005
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::6-((4,4-difluoro-5,7-dimethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-3-propionyl)amino)hexanoic acid ryanodine (BODIPY-ryanodine) binding and Ca(2+) imaging were used to study the properties of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and cytoplasmic Ca(2+) (Ca) changes in neurons cultured from the embryonic rat hippocampus during the earli...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.88.3.1077
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Teased axon recordings were made from 167 spontaneously active A beta- and A delta-afferents that ended in sciatic nerve end neuromas of 6-12 days standing. When challenged with a standard bolus of systemically applied adrenaline, 100 (60%) responded, either with an increase in baseline firing frequency (excitation...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.76.6.3721
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following peripheral nerve injury, moderate daily exercise conducted on a level treadmill results in enhanced axon regeneration and modest improvements in functional recovery. If the exercise is conducted on an upwardly inclined treadmill, even more motor axons regenerate successfully and reinnervate muscle targets. W...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00129.2016
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. We define an extrinsic frame of reference to represent the location of a point in extrapersonal space relative to a human subject's shoulder, and we define an intrinsic frame of reference to represent the orientation of the arm and forearm. 2. We examined the relations between coordinates in the extrinsic and intri...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1989.62.2.595
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most retinal bipolar cells (BCs) transmit visual input from photoreceptors to ganglion cells using graded potentials, but some also generate calcium or sodium spikes. Sodium spikes are thought to increase temporal precision of light-evoked BC signaling; however, the role of calcium spikes in BCs is not fully understoo...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00378.2014
更新日期:2015-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Motor networks such as the pyloric network of the stomatogastric ganglion often require descending neuromodulatory inputs to initiate, regulate, and modulate their activity and their synaptic connectivity to manifest physiologically appropriate output. Prolonged removal of these descending inputs often results in a co...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00183.2012
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensory-driven behaviors engage a cascade of cortical regions to process sensory input and generate motor output. To investigate the temporal dynamics of neural activity at this global scale, we have improved and integrated tools to perform functional imaging across large areas of cortex using a transgenic mouse expre...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01056.2015
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine the functional interactions between the color and form pathways in the primate visual cortex, we have examined the functional connectivity between pairs of color oriented and nonoriented V1 and V2 neurons in Macaque monkeys. Optical imaging maps for color selectivity, orientation preference, and ocular domi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.82.5.2719
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Weight predictions used to scale lifting forces adapt quickly when repeatedly lifting unusually weighted objects and are readily updated by explicit information provided about weight. In contrast, weight predictions used when making perceptual judgments about weight are more resistant to change and are largely unaffec...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01051.2015
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated whether heptanol and other long-chain alcohols that are known to block gap junctions interfere with the generation or the propagation of spreading depression (SD). Waves of SD were triggered by micro-injection of concentrated KCl solution in stratum (s.) radiatum of CA1 of rat hippocampal tissue slices...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.77.1.9
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00