Long-axis specialization of the human hippocampus.

abstract：:Prefrontal cortical (PFC) working memory functions depend on pyramidal cell networks that interconnect on dendritic spines. Recent research has revealed that the strength of PFC network connections can be rapidly and reversibly increased or decreased by molecular signaling events within slender, elongated spines: a pr...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Arnsten AF,Paspalas CD,Gamo NJ,Yang Y,Wang M

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent claims of culture in great apes have provoked fervent argument about the 'true' definition of culture, most of which has been unhelpful. Instead, a range of definitions should be used to explore different aspects of the cognitive processes that together result in human culture, many of which can be productively...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Byrne RW,Barnard PJ,Davidson I,Janik VM,McGrew WC,Miklósi A,Wiessner P

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many believe empathy and related pro-social behaviors to be the sole province of humans. The evolutionary antecedents of such phenomena, however, have been observed in lower mammals. By demonstrating empathy-based helping behavior in rats, a recently published study has provided clear-cut evidence that pro-social beha...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Mogil JS

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We propose a new approach to the neuroscience of consciousness, growing out of the 'enactive' viewpoint in cognitive science. This approach aims to map the neural substrates of consciousness at the level of large-scale, emergent and transient dynamical patterns of brain activity (rather than at the level of particular...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Thompson E,Varela FJ

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognizing images requires sorting them into the correct perceptual categories. Without categories, apples could not be discriminated from oranges. A fundamental question is whether categories are innate or learned, and if learned, how well such discriminations generalize. A recent finding by Notman et al. demonstrat...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Fahle M

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been hypothesized that the human visual system can use temporal synchrony for the perceptual grouping of image regions into unified objects, as proposed in some neural models. It is argued here, however, that previous psychophysical evidence for this hypothesis is due to stimulus artifacts, and that earlier stu...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Farid H

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heavy prenatal alcohol exposure can have lifelong, disabling effects on brain and cognition. Unlike animal studies, research on light-to-moderate drinking in humans demonstrates less consistent impact. Discussions of negative research findings in popular media underestimate potential adverse outcomes and complicate de...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Charness ME,Riley EP,Sowell ER

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sociality and cooperation are benefits to human cultures but may carry unexpected costs. We suggest that both the human experience of pain and the expression of distress may result from many causes not experienced as painful in our close primate relatives, because human ancestors motivated to ask for help survived in ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Finlay BL,Syal S

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Naturalistic observations show that decisions to avoid or escape predators occur at different spatiotemporal scales and that they are supported by different computations and neural circuits. At their extremes, proximal threats are addressed by a limited repertoire of reflexive and myopic actions, reflecting reduced de...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Mobbs D,Headley DB,Ding W,Dayan P

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When we move our eyes, we easily keep track of where relevant things are in the world. Recent proposals link this stability to the shifting of receptive fields of neurons in eye movement and attention control areas. Reports of 'spatiotopic' visual aftereffects have also been claimed to support this shifting connectivi...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Cavanagh P,Hunt AR,Afraz A,Rolfs M

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We discuss behavioral studies directed at understanding how probability information is represented in motor and economic tasks. By formulating the behavioral tasks in the language of statistical decision theory, we can compare performance in equivalent tasks in different domains. Subjects in traditional economic decis...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Trommershäuser J,Maloney LT,Landy MS

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of decoding skills has traditionally been viewed as a stage-like process during which children's reading strategies change as a consequence of the acquisition of phonological awareness. More explicit accounts of the mechanisms involved in learning to read are provided by recent connectionist models in ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Snowling M,Hulme C,Nation K

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognitive science might almost be defined as several disciplines communicating their different perspectives on the mind, the common object of study. However, domain-specific concepts and techniques can prevent, rather than foster, a communication of viewpoints. In this article, we develop a new framework for visual ca...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Gosselin F,Schyns PG

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Depression is characterized by distinct profiles of disturbance in ways autobiographical memories are represented, recalled, and maintained. We review four core domains of difficulty: systematic biases in favor of negative material; impoverished access and responses to positive memories; reduced access to the specific...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Dalgleish T,Werner-Seidler A

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some believe that genetics threatens privacy and autonomy and will eviscerate the concept of human nature. Despite the astonishing research advances, however, none of these dire predictions and no radical transformation of the law have occurred. Advocates have tried to use genetic evidence to affect judgments of crimi...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Morse SJ

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many everyday thoughts and actions are shaped not only by our direct relationships with others, but also by our knowledge of relations between third-parties. Lau et al. recently demonstrated how knowledge of one type of social relation - interpersonal similarity - shapes cognition and behavior, and shed light on the n...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Parkinson C,Du M

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:by Nestor A. Schmajuk, Cambridge University Press, 1997. £29.95 (xii+340 pages) ISBN 0 521 45086 1. ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： McLaren IP

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The physical energy that we refer to as a word, whether in isolation or embedded in sentences, takes its meaning from the knowledge stored in our brains through a lifetime of experience. Much empirical evidence indicates that, although this knowledge can be used fairly flexibly, it is functionally organized in 'semant...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Kutas M,Federmeier KD

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fifteen years ago, Passingham and colleagues proposed that brain areas can be described in terms of their unique pattern of input and output connections with the rest of the brain, and that these connections are a crucial determinant of their function. We explore how the advent of neuroimaging of connectivity has allo...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Mars RB,Passingham RE,Jbabdi S

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How does organized cognition arise from distributed brain activity? Recent analyses of fluid intelligence suggest a core process of cognitive focus and integration, organizing the components of a cognitive operation into the required computational structure. A cortical 'multiple-demand' (MD) system is closely linked t...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Duncan J,Assem M,Shashidhara S

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distinction between episodic and semantic memory was first proposed in 1972 by Endel Tulving and is still of central importance in cognitive neuroscience. However, data obtained over the past 30 years or so support the idea that the frontiers between perception and knowledge and between episodic and semantic memor...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Renoult L,Irish M,Moscovitch M,Rugg MD

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Traditionally, models of speech comprehension and production do not depend on concepts and processes from the phonological short-term memory (pSTM) literature. Likewise, in working memory research, pSTM is considered to be a language-independent system that facilitates language acquisition rather than speech processin...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Jacquemot C,Scott SK

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Not all memories are equally welcome in awareness. People limit the time they spend thinking about unpleasant experiences, a process that begins during encoding, but that continues when cues later remind someone of the memory. Here, we review the emerging behavioural and neuroimaging evidence that suppressing awarenes...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Anderson MC,Hanslmayr S

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apart from their reading difficulties, dyslexic subjects often suffer from a variety of subtle sensory and motor deficits. Whether these deficits have a causal relationship to the reading disorder, form additional risk factors, or are totally independent of the reading problem, is under vivid debate. In this article, ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Hari R,Renvall H

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new cognitive approach to religion is bringing fresh insights to our understanding of how religious concepts are maintained, acquired and used to motivate and direct actions. This approach suggests that seemingly extraordinary thoughts and behaviours can be supported by quite ordinary cognition and may thus be terme...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Barrett JL

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The literatures on episodic memory for self-referential and emotional information have proceeded relatively independently, and most studies examining the effects of age on these memory processes have been interpreted within domain-specific frameworks. However, there is increasing evidence for shared mechanisms that co...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Gutchess A,Kensinger EA

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the 'generalist genes' hypothesis, it is suggested that the same genes affect most cognitive abilities and disabilities. This recently proposed hypothesis is based on considerable multivariate genetic research showing that there is substantial genetic overlap between such broad areas of cognition as language, readi...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Kovas Y,Plomin R

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrophysiological recordings on the human scalp provide a wealth of information about the temporal dynamics and nature of face perception at a global level of brain organization. The time window between 100 and 200 ms witnesses the transition between low-level and high-level vision, an N170 component correlating wi...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Rossion B

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Music and speech share many acoustic cues but not all are equally important. For example, harmonic pitch is essential for music but not for speech. When birds communicate is their song more like speech or music? A new study contrasting pitch and spectral patterns shows that birds perceive their song more like humans p...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Shannon RV

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blindsight, the remarkable capability to react to unseen visual stimuli, has thus far only been demonstrated in patients and monkeys with a lesion to primary visual cortex. A recent study by Boyer, Harrison and Ro demonstrates blindsight in normal human observers, using TMS to block visual processing. Combined with ot...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Lamme VA

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00