Shared Mechanisms May Support Mnemonic Benefits from Self-Referencing and Emotion.

abstract：:It has long been debated whether eye movements play a functional role in visual mental imagery. A recent paper by Laeng and Teodorescu presents new evidence that eye movements are stored as a spatial index that is used to arrange the component parts correctly when mental images are generated. ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Mast FW,Kosslyn SM

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When people talk they gesture, and those gestures often reflect thoughts not expressed in their words. In this sense, gesture and the speech it accompanies can mismatch. Gesture-speech 'mismatches' are found when learners are on the verge of making progress on a task - when they are ready to learn. Moreover, mismatche...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Goldin-Meadow S,Wagner SM

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ease with which highly developed brains can generate representations of a virtually unlimited diversity of perceptual objects indicates that they have developed very efficient mechanisms to analyse and represent relations among incoming signals. Here, we propose that two complementary strategies are applied to cop...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Singer W,Engel AK,Kreiter AK,Munk MH,Neuenschwander S,Roelfsema PR

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of processes underlying the interpretation of language often produces evidence that they are complete and occur incrementally. However, computational linguistics has shown that interpretations are often effective even if they are underspecified. We present evidence that similar underspecified representations...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Sanford A,Sturt P

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apart from their reading difficulties, dyslexic subjects often suffer from a variety of subtle sensory and motor deficits. Whether these deficits have a causal relationship to the reading disorder, form additional risk factors, or are totally independent of the reading problem, is under vivid debate. In this article, ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Hari R,Renvall H

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:by Nestor A. Schmajuk, Cambridge University Press, 1997. £29.95 (xii+340 pages) ISBN 0 521 45086 1. ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： McLaren IP

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:People reliably and automatically make personality inferences from facial appearance despite little evidence for their accuracy. Although such inferences are highly inter-correlated, research has traditionally focused on studying specific traits such as trustworthiness. We advocate an alternative, data-driven approach...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Todorov A,Said CP,Engell AD,Oosterhof NN

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Early in development, humans exhibit the ability to form categories and overlook differences for the sake of generality. This ability poses several important questions: How does categorization arise? What processes underlie category formation? And how are categories mentally represented? We argue that the development ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Sloutsky VM

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:What makes us conscious? Many theories that attempt to answer this question have appeared recently in the context of widespread interest about consciousness in the cognitive neurosciences. Most of these proposals are formulated in terms of the information processing conducted by the brain. In this overview, we survey ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Atkinson AP,Thomas MS,Cleeremans A

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heavy prenatal alcohol exposure can have lifelong, disabling effects on brain and cognition. Unlike animal studies, research on light-to-moderate drinking in humans demonstrates less consistent impact. Discussions of negative research findings in popular media underestimate potential adverse outcomes and complicate de...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Charness ME,Riley EP,Sowell ER

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The physical energy that we refer to as a word, whether in isolation or embedded in sentences, takes its meaning from the knowledge stored in our brains through a lifetime of experience. Much empirical evidence indicates that, although this knowledge can be used fairly flexibly, it is functionally organized in 'semant...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Kutas M,Federmeier KD

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concept of the brain as a prediction machine has enjoyed a resurgence in the context of the Bayesian brain and predictive coding approaches within cognitive science. To date, this perspective has been applied primarily to exteroceptive perception (e.g., vision, audition), and action. Here, I describe a predictive,...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Seth AK

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this article we provide a unifying neural hypothesis on how individuals understand the actions and emotions of others. Our main claim is that the fundamental mechanism at the basis of the experiential understanding of others' actions is the activation of the mirror neuron system. A similar mechanism, but involving ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Gallese V,Keysers C,Rizzolatti G

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Young children exhibit several deficits in reasoning about their own and other people's mental states. We propose that these deficits, along with more subtle limitations in adults' social-cognitive reasoning, are all manifestations of the same cognitive bias. This is the 'curse of knowledge' - a tendency to be biased ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Birch SA,Bloom P

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognition materializes in an interpersonal space. The emergence of complex behaviors requires the coordination of actions among individuals according to a shared set of rules. Despite the central role of other individuals in shaping one's mind, most cognitive studies focus on processes that occur within a single indiv...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Hasson U,Ghazanfar AA,Galantucci B,Garrod S,Keysers C

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent empirical research has shed new light on the perennial question of human altruism. A number of recent studies suggest that from very early in ontogeny young children have a biological predisposition to help others achieve their goals, to share resources with others and to inform others of things helpfully. Huma...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Warneken F,Tomasello M

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Political disputes ruin family reunions, scuttle policy initiatives, and spur violence and even terrorism. We summarize recent research indicating that the source of political differences can be found in biologically instantiated and often subthreshold predispositions as reflected in physiological, cognitive, and neur...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Hibbing JR,Smith KB,Peterson JC,Feher B

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The manner by which the human brain learns and recognizes stimuli is a matter of ongoing investigation. Through examination of meta-analyses of task-based functional MRI and resting state functional connectivity MRI, we identified a novel network strongly related to learning and memory. Activity within this network at...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Gilmore AW,Nelson SM,McDermott KB

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In studying categorization, cognitive science has focused primarily on cultural categorization, ignoring individual and institutional categorization. Because recent technological developments have made individual and institutional classification systems much more available and powerful, our understanding of the cognit...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Glushko RJ,Maglio PP,Matlock T,Barsalou LW

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exercise can improve human cognition. A mechanistic connection between exercise and cognition has been revealed in several recent studies. Exercise increases cortical excitability and this in turn leads to enhanced memory consolidation. Together these studies dovetail with our growing understanding of memory consolida...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Robertson EM,Takacs A

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The systems-level neuronal mechanisms that coordinate temporally, anatomically and functionally distributed neuronal activity into coherent cognitive operations in the human brain have remained poorly understood. Synchronization of neuronal oscillations may regulate network communication and could thus serve as such a...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Palva S,Palva JM

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distinction between episodic and semantic memory was first proposed in 1972 by Endel Tulving and is still of central importance in cognitive neuroscience. However, data obtained over the past 30 years or so support the idea that the frontiers between perception and knowledge and between episodic and semantic memor...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Renoult L,Irish M,Moscovitch M,Rugg MD

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How does the brain represent number and perform mathematical calculations? According to a recent and provocative study by Tang and colleagues, it depends on which language you learn. They found that the divergent linguistic and cultural experiences of native Chinese and native English speakers are associated with dist...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Cantlon JF,Brannon EM

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We propose a new account of how self-reference affects information processing. We report evidence that self-reference affects the binding of memory to source, the integration of parts into perceptual wholes, and the ability to switch from a prior association to new associations. Self-reference also influences the inte...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Sui J,Humphreys GW

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent years have seen enormous demand amongst policy makers for new insights from the behavioural sciences, especially neuroscience. This demand is matched by an increasing willingness on behalf of behavioural scientists to translate the policy implications of their work. But can neuroscience really help shape the go...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Seymour B,Vlaev I

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When a brief flash appears at the same position as a moving object, the flash is perceived to lag behind. This so-called flash-lag effect tells us something about the perception of space and time: where is the moving object when the flash appears? A recent paper by Alais and Burr on auditory and crossmodal flash-lag e...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Krekelberg B

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ever since Galton's classic demonstration of the wisdom of crowds in estimating the weight of a slaughtered ox, scholars of the mind and the public alike have been fascinated by the counterintuitive accuracy achieved by simply averaging a number of people's estimates. Surprisingly, individuals can, to some extent, har...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Herzog SM,Hertwig R

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The richness and complexity of data sets acquired from PET or fMRI studies of human cognition have not been exploited until recently by computational neural-modeling methods. In this article, two neural-modeling approaches for use with functional brain imaging data are described. One, which uses structural equation mo...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Horwitz B,Tagamets MA,McIntosh AR

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Perceptual learning can be defined as practice-induced improvement in the ability to perform specific perceptual tasks. We previously proposed the Reverse Hierarchy Theory as a unifying concept that links behavioral findings of visual learning with physiological and anatomical data. Essentially, it asserts that learni...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Ahissar M,Hochstein S

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:General anesthesia provides an invaluable experimental tool to probe the essential neural circuits that underlie consciousness. A new study reports that cholinergic stimulation of the prefrontal cortex restores wake-like behaviors in anesthetized rodents, suggesting that cholinergic inputs to the prefrontal cortex pla...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Solt K

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00