Abstract:
:The pharmacokinetics of cefdinir were investigated in six hemodialysis patients. For the present study, two tests were carried out, one with 4 h of hemodialysis and the other without hemodialysis. Cefdinir was given orally to each patient in a dose of 100 mg, and blood was collected serially for 48 h after dosing in the test without dialysis and for 72 h in the test with dialysis. In the test without dialysis, the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was 2.36 +/- 0.53 micrograms/ml (mean +/- standard deviation) and the time to Cmax was 9.00 +/- 2.45 h. The terminal elimination half-life (t1/2) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) were 16.95 +/- 1.20 h and 69.05 +/- 14.84 micrograms.h/ml, respectively. In the test with dialysis, t1/2 during hemodialysis decreased approximately to one-sixth of that obtained in the test without dialysis, although t1/2 in the latter elimination phase did not differ from that in the nondialysis test. AUC was reduced to 43% of that in the test without dialysis. The fractional removal of cefdinir by hemodialysis was 61%. These findings indicate that clearance of cefdinir is prolonged in patients with renal failure, and cefdinir is well removed by introduction of hemodialysis, although t1/2 (during hemodialysis) and AUC were two and eight times higher than the data previously reported for healthy volunteers, respectively. The pharmacokinetic data suggest that 100 mg of oral cefdinir once a day would result in a sufficient concentration in plasma in hemodialysis patients, but this remains to be confirmed by multiple-dose studies.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Hishida A,Ohishi K,Nagashima S,Kanamaru M,Obara M,Kitada Adoi
10.1128/AAC.42.7.1718subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-07-01 00:00:00pages
1718-21issue
7eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We compared the activity of delavirdine (DLV) plus zidovudine (AZT) (n = 300) with that of AZT (n = 297) against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. DLV exerted a transient antiviral effect, and mutations for resistance to DLV were found in more than 90% of subj...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/aac.44.11.3155-3157.2000
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro activity of TR-700 (torezolid) was evaluated against a collection of 660 staphylococcal blood isolates. TR-700 showed excellent activity against all the staphylococci tested. The MIC(50) and MIC(90) values of TR-700, linezolid, daptomycin, and vancomycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01653-09
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::BAL fluid samples from critically ill patients shared a rate of 29% false-positive galactomannan results. We aimed to determine whether Candida species abundance in BAL fluid causes galactomannan (GM) positivity. A total of 89 Candida culture-positive BAL fluid samples from patients without suspicion of invasive asper...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00138-19
更新日期:2019-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::The emergence of resistance to antimicrobial agents within the salmonellas is a worldwide and severe problem. A case of treatment failure due to the emergence of resistance to ceftriaxone in Salmonella enterica serotype Anatum was studied. S. enterica serotype Anatum and Escherichia coli, both of which are susceptible...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.47.2.563-567.2003
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Omadacycline is an aminomethylcycline antibiotic with in vitro activity against pathogens causing community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). This study investigated the activity of omadacycline against Legionella pneumophila strains isolated between 1995 and 2014 from nosocomial or community-acquired respiratory i...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01972-19
更新日期:2020-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::A rapid method for the detection of methicillin resistance in staphylococci was developed. The method was based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and primers that targeted the internal region of the coding frame of the mec gene. The amplification reaction was carried out with crude cell lysates as a source of tar...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.35.12.2568
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antimicrobial activities of trovafloxacin, moxifloxacin, sanfetrinem, quinupristin-dalfopristin, and 14 other antimicrobial agents against 218 Bacteroides fragilis group strains were determined. A group of 10 imipenem-resistant strains were also tested. Imipenem, meropenem, and sanfetrinem had the lowest MICs of a...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.43.9.2320
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MR M. pneumoniae) has been isolated from clinical specimens in Japan since 2000. A comparative study was carried out to determine whether or not macrolides are effective in treating patients infected with MR M. pneumoniae. The clinical courses of 11 patients with MR M. pneumo...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.50.2.709-712.2006
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Against 443 aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated from diabetic foot infections, ceftobiprole MICs (microg/ml) at which 90% of the isolates tested were inhibited were as follows: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, 1; methicillin-susceptible S. aureus and Staphylococcus lugdunensis, 0.5; Anaerococcus prevot...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00722-06
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Between February and June of 1997, a large number of community-acquired respiratory tract isolates of Haemophilus influenzae (n = 1,077) and Moraxella catarrhalis (n = 503) from 27 U.S. and 7 Canadian medical centers were characterized as part of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program. Overall prevalences of be...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1128/AAC.43.2.385
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isoxyl (ISO), a thiourea derivative that was successfully used for the clinical treatment of tuberculosis during the 1960s, is an inhibitor of the synthesis of oleic and mycolic acids in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Its effect on oleic acid synthesis has been shown to be attributable to its inhibitory activity on the s...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00433-07
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of linezolid in empirical therapy of suspected bacteremia remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of empirical use of linezolid or glycopeptides in addition to other antibiotics on the 30-day mortality rates in patients with Gram-negative bacteremia. For this purpose, 1,126 patien...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.03796-14
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major problem in the treatment of infectious diseases and cancer. Accumulating evidence suggests that the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-specific inhibitor celecoxib would not only inhibit COX-2 but also help in the reversal of drug resistance in cancers by inhibiting the MDR1 efflux pump. He...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00735-10
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assessment of drug susceptibility has become an integral part of influenza virus surveillance. In this study, we describe the drug resistance profile of influenza A(H3N2) virus, A/Mississippi/05/2011, collected from a patient treated with oseltamivir and detected via surveillance. An MDCK cell-grown isolate of this vi...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01364-13
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current antimalarials are under continuous threat due to the relentless development of drug resistance by malaria parasites. We previously reported promising in vitro parasite-killing activity with the histone methyltransferase inhibitor BIX-01294 and its analogue TM2-115. Here, we further characterize these diaminoqu...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.04419-14
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of mutations in the genes for GyrA and ParC in quinolone resistance in Mycoplasma hominis was studied. Selection with sparfloxacin gave mutations at GyrA83 (Ser-->Leu; Escherichia coli numbering) or GyrA87 (Glu-->Lys), and mutants had increased levels of resistance to sparfloxacin (8- to 16-fold) but not to o...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.43.10.2493
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enterobacteriaceae producing the Ambler class D OXA-48 carbapenemase, combined with additional resistance mechanisms, such as permeability defects or cocarriage of class A, B, or C β-lactamases, can become highly resistant to most β-lactams currently in use, including carbapenems. A total of 45,872 Enterobacteriaceae ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00592-18
更新日期:2018-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::Two new antifungal triazoles, BAY n7133 and ICI 153,066, were compared with ketoconazole in treatment of mice challenged intraperitoneally with Cryptococcus neoformans. At high challenge doses, thymus-containing normal mice had prolonged survival after treatment with BAY n7133. Athymic mice, which have severely defici...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.24.6.829
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoarticular mucormycosis cases are quite rare and challenging infections that are mostly due to direct inoculation during traumatic injury among immunocompetent patients. Classic management includes a combination of aggressive surgical debridement, which may lead to amputation, and long-term systemic liposomal amph...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01006-18
更新日期:2018-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Suboptimal doses of amphotericin B in combination with either rifampin or 5-fluorocytosine were better than single-drug therapy in the treatment of disseminated Aspergillus fumigatus infection in mice. Despite the increased effectiveness of combination therapy, none of the therapeutic regimens we used completely eradi...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.11.1.21
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult diabetic patients admitted to our Diabetes Center from September 1996 to January 1998 for severe, limb-threatening foot infection were consecutively enrolled in a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study aimed at assessing the safety and efficacy of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating fact...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/AAC.45.4.1094-1098.2001
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Community-onset (CO) candidemia, defined as a positive blood culture taken at or within 2 days of hospital admission, represents a distinct clinical entity associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Reference MIC results from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2008-2009) were analyzed to compare ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01079-10
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two new fluorinated oxazolidinones, U-100592 and U-100766, were evaluated against more than 659 gram-positive and -negative organisms and compared with glycopeptides, erythromycin, clindamycin, clinafloxacin, and chloramphenicol. U-100592 and U-100766 were usually equally potent, but the MICs at which 90% of the isola...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.40.3.720
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of Escherichia coli K-10 with 100 mug of chloramphenicol per ml for periods greater than 30 min leads to progressive lysis and killing of cells. The bactericidal action of the antibiotic is dependent on cell growth and physiology; only rapidly dividing cells are susceptible to killing; resting or slowly grow...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.7.6.748
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::TEM- and SHV-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are the most common ESBLs found in the United States and are prevalent throughout the world. Amino acid substitutions at a number of positions in TEM-1 lead to the ESBL phenotype, although substitutions at residues 104 (E to K), 164 (R to S or H), 238 (G to S...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01155-08
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro effects of 19 dicationic diamidine derivatives against the proliferative tachyzoite stages of the apicomplexan parasites Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii were investigated. Four compounds (DB811, DB786, DB750, and DB766) with similar structural properties exhibited profound inhibition of tachyzoite ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01236-07
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The iron-chelating drug deferoxamine (DFO) has been shown to be active in animal models of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), with effective daily intraperitoneal bolus dosages being 400 and 1,000 mg of DFO mesylate kg of body weight-1 in mouse and rat models, respectively. Continuous infusion produced a moderately...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.39.9.2023
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::4,4'-Isopropylidine-bis[2-isopropyl]phenol was found to possess antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria and some fungi, whereas it had no effect on gram-negative organisms. The drug has a potent inhibitory action on the synthesis of cell wall mucopeptides of Bacillus subtilis by inhibiting the enzyme d-g...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.9.4.580
更新日期:1976-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulating data have brought the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (NNRTIs) into the forefront of antiretroviral therapy. Among the emerging compounds in this class, a particularly attractive one is efavirenz (Sustiva), recently approved for clinical use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. In...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.44.5.1186-1194.2000
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We and others recently identified copper resistance as important for virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Here, we introduce a high-throughput screening assay for agents that induce a copper hypersensitivity phenotype in M. tuberculosis and demonstrate that such copper-boosting compounds are effective against repl...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01781-12
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00