Abstract：
:The current concept of stress in plants has been well developed over the past 60 years. Any unfavorable condition or substance that affects or blocks a plant's metabolism, growth, or development is regarded as stress. Vegetation stress can be induced by various natural and anthropogenic stress factors. One has to differentiate between short-term and long-term stress effects as well as between low-stress events that can be partially compensated for by acclimation, adaptation, and repair mechanisms, on the one hand, and strong stress or chronic stress events causing considerable damage that may eventually lead to cell and plant death, on the other hand. Some essential stress syndrome responses of plants are summarized in a unifying stress concept. The major abiotic, biotic, and anthropogenic stressors are listed. Some stress tolerance mechanisms are mentioned. Stress conditions and stress-induced damage in plants have so far been detected using the classical ecophysiological field methods as well as point data measurements of particular chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and of reflectance spectra. The novel laser-induced high-resolution fluorescence imaging technique, which integrates chlorophyll and blue-green fluorescence, marks a new standard in the detection of stress in plants.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Lichtenthaler HKdoi
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb08993.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-06-30 00:00:00pages
187-98eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
851pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The results of four randomized controlled trials were examined to assess the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for myasthenia gravis (MG) acute exacerbations. The first trial compared plasma exchange (PE) and IVIG in 87 patients. At day 15, the mean change in the Myasthenic Muscular Score (MMS) was 16.6 (9...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1196/annals.1405.001
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pathophysiological events in biological tissue are characterized by a shift in electrical impedance spectra of the tissue under study. In this paper, techniques based on electrical impedance are reviewed with emphasis on their possible role in evaluating the skin reactivity of an individual, including results from imp...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09469.x
更新日期：1999-04-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Platelets play important roles for hemostasis with activated platelets adhering to the injured vessel wall to initiate platelet aggregation. At the same time, our study revealed the cytotoxic effect on endothelial cells characterized by an increase of intracellular Ca++ and a decrease of EDRF production, which may cau...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb17334.x
更新日期：1995-01-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of sunlight have fascinated researchers for decades because nearly every living thing on earth is likely to be exposed to sunlight and the ultraviolet (UV) fraction of it. In addition to detrimental long-term effects such as immunosuppression and skin cancer, premature aging of the skin (photoaging) is a well-...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04602.x
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The results of a series of experiments aimed at directly comparing the prosodic level of processing in language with the melodic level of processing in music are reported. The first series of experiments was conducted on adults, musicians and nonmusicians, and the second one on 7- to 9-year-old musician and nonmusicia...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1284.056
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three distinct anion exchangers are described that directly or indirectly mediate Cl- transport across the luminal membrane of the proximal tubule cell. Studies on the intact proximal tubule indicate that the Cl(-)-formate exchanger is a major mechanism for Cl- transport under physiologic conditions. As just discussed...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1989.tb25139.x
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aberrations in estrogen signaling increase breast cancer risk. Molecular mechanisms that impact breast cancer initiation, promotion, and progression can be investigated using genetically engineered mouse models. Increasing estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) expression levels twofold is sufficient to initiate and promote br...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06086.x
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adaptation to different host taxa is a key driver of insect diversification. Herbivorous insects are classic models for ecological and evolutionary research, but it is recent advances in sequencing, statistics, and molecular technologies that have cleared the way for investigations into the proximate genetic mechanism...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.13311
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence in the serum of specific autoantibodies, such as antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA), and antiextractable nuclear antigens (anti-ENA), is one of the diagnostic criteria for autoimmune rheumatic disease, and the requests for these tests in the last few years have grown remar...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04635.x
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Copper is an important cofactor in numerous biological processes in all living organisms. However, excessive copper can be extremely toxic, so it is vital that the copper level within a cell is tightly regulated. The damaging effect of copper is seen in several hereditary forms of copper toxicity in humans and animals...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.12353
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nephroblastoma overexpressed (Nov), a member of the CCN family of proteins, is expressed by osteoblasts and its transcription is regulated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP). CCN proteins can interact with TGF-beta, BMPs, and Wnt. We explored the function of Nov in skeletal ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1402.055
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research on nonhuman primates has produced compelling evidence for reconciliation and consolation, that is, postconflict contacts that serve to respectively repair social relationships and reassure distressed individuals, such as victims of attack. This has led to a view of conflict and conflict resolution as an integ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb51929.x
更新日期：1997-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:This preliminary study describes effects of two pharmacologic agents on erythrocyte behavior. Increased erythrocyte aggregation has been proposed as important in the pathogenesis of a number of disorders, but the exact mechanism by which it plays a role in disease production remains unclear. Several anionic amphophile...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1983.tb35216.x
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Throughout this century in the United States, tension has existed between those who believe drug abuse is best combatted through the criminal justice system and those who emphasize a medical/public health model of prevention and treatment. In the last decade this debate has centered around the person of the pregnant a...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-06-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteocytes are derived from osteoblasts and make up over 90% of the cells in bone. However, the mechanisms that control the differentiation of osteoblasts into osteocytes embedded in bone matrix are not well understood. With the recent developments of transgenic models for manipulating gene expression in osteocytes an...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05246.x
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For various esophageal diseases, the search for alternative techniques for tissue repair has led to significant developments in basic and translational research in the field of tissue engineering. Applied to the esophagus, this concept is based on the in vitro combination of elements judged necessary for in vivo impla...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.13951
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Legally, women, Native Americans, and African-Americans were defined by the American Constitution as inferior. The pragmatists gradually showed that all selves are equal. These ideas helped the minorities to attain nearly full legal status. But economic status is going in the other direction, toward inequality. It thr...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06191.x
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To date, the precise etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains largely unknown; however, it is well accepted that IBD results from a dysregulated mucosal immune response to environmental factors in genetically susceptible hosts. The primary defect, in at least a subpopulation of IBD patients, may be due to ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04035.x
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (MHC) gene and its isoforms are excellent molecular markers that reflect smooth muscle phenotypes. The SMemb/Nonmuscle Myosin Heavy Chain B (NMHC-B) is a distinct MHC gene expressed predominantly in phenotypically modulated SMCs (synthetic-type SMC). To dissect the molecular mechan...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03930.x
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The proto-oncogene c-myc is involved in multiple cell pathways with opposite effects on cell outcome of death or proliferation. It has been proposed that these different roles depend on the sequestration of c-Myc protein in cellular compartments and/or its phosphorylation. We speculated that subcellular localization o...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1397.021
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in many forms of cell death, particularly in the central nervous system. The mitochondria are required at the same time to generate adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) for the cell, sequester excess cytoplasmic Ca(2+), and both produce and detoxify superoxide free radicals. The elec...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1427.002
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:B beta Arg166 to Cys substitution was identified in an abnormal fibrinogen named fibrinogen Longmont. The proband, a young woman, and her mother were heterozygous; both experienced episodes of severe hemorrhage at childbirth. The neo-Cys residues were found to be disulfide-bridged to either an isolated Cys amino acid ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have been interested in the consequences of foreign DNA insertion into established mammalian genomes and have initially studied this problem in adenovirus type 12 (Ad12)-transformed cells or in Ad12-induced hamster tumors. Since integrates are frequently methylated de novo, it appears that they might be modified by...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03896.x
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the role of poliovirus (PV) infection in the development of the post-polio syndrome (PPS), we studied the serum, spinal fluid, peripheral blood lymphocytes, and muscle from 47 patients with PPS. We found high titers of IgM PV antibodies (up to 1:250) in the serum of 6 patients, compared to very low tite...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb27547.x
更新日期：1995-05-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Adolescence marks the beginning of adult-level cognitive control of behavior supported by the brain maturation processes of synaptic pruning and myelination. Cognitive development studies on adolescence indicate that this period is characterized by improvements in the performance of existing abilities including speed ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1308.035
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The term "steroid- or glucocorticoid-resistant (GR) asthma" has been used to describe a group of asthmatics who demonstrate persistent airway obstruction and inflammation despite treatment with high doses of systemic glucocorticoids (GCs). There are at least two forms of GR asthma. The first group of patients has an a...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09612.x
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) impairs olfaction, but it is uncertain how early this occurs in the disease process and whether the effect can be accounted for by other behavioral or genetic markers of the disease. We administered the Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT) to 471 older people without dementia or cognitive im...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04013.x
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitochondrial dysfunction, due to either environmental or genetic factors, can result in excessive production of reactive oxygen species, triggering the apoptotic death of dopaminergic cells in Parkinson's disease. Mitochondrial free radical production is promoted by the inhibition of electron transport at any point d...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07469.x
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anaplasma phagocytophilum (A. phagocytophilum, formerly Ehrlichia phagocytophila) is a tick-borne pathogen responsible for tick-borne fever in ruminants, equine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (EGE) in horses, canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (CGE) in dogs, and for human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE). Human cases have bee...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1373.055
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The flash thermal diffusivity measurement technique is applied to tissue for the first time. Making use of its minimal contact with the specimen, the flash technique is extended to allow for well-defined, biaxial, finite strain. As an example application, the radial component of thermal diffusivity of bovine descendin...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10143.x
更新日期：1998-09-11 00:00:00
