Abstract：
:The viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) syndrome is a potentially life-threatening infection typified by a combination of a capillary leak syndrome and bleeding diathesis. Most but not all agents causing VHF are arboviruses, with transmission to humans resulting from an arthropod bite. Agents of VHF affect humans on all continents. Population growth, urbanization, human activities, and even climate change all contribute to a continual flux in the epidemiology of many arboviruses. This review provides an overview of the epidemiology of arboviral infections and VHF, the main clinical syndromes, and their diagnosis and treatment.
journal_name
Infect Dis Clin North Amjournal_title
Infectious disease clinics of North Americaauthors
Meltzer Edoi
10.1016/j.idc.2012.02.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-06-01 00:00:00pages
479-96issue
2eissn
0891-5520issn
1557-9824pii
S0891-5520(12)00004-9journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Use of the most rapid and reliable laboratory tests for mycobacterial detection, identification, and susceptibility testing is important for TB control. In 1993, CDC experts made recommendations regarding optimal methods of mycobacterial testing (i.e., stains for AFB, culture, identification, and susceptibility testin...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(03)00049-7
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diagnostic approach to the compromised host with CNS infection depends on an analysis of the patient's clinical manifestations of CNS disease, the acuteness or subacuteness of the clinical presentation, and an analysis of the type of immune defect compromising the patient's host defenses. Most patients with CNS in...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70160-4
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Erythema migrans (EM) is the most common objective manifestation of Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Systemic symptoms are usually present. Most patients do not recall a preceding tick bite. Despite a characteristic appearance, EM is not pathognomonic for Lyme disease and must be distinguished from other similar appear...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2015.02.001
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mold infections carry a substantial clinical and economic burden in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with a high overall mortality of near 30%. The most important pathogens include Aspergillus, the Zygomycetes, Fusarium, Scedosporium/Pseudallescheria, and the dematiaceous (dark) molds. Risk factors for the infe...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2018.04.006
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coccidioides, a fungus, is endemic to specific parts of the Western Hemisphere. This article examines the prevalence, pathogenesis and host defense, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of coccidioidomycosis. ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(02)00040-5
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:No practitioner can hide from HIV. Patients infected with HIV are treated in every type of practice setting as the number of cases increases at an alarming rate. This article provides 10 basic guidelines for the care of HIV-infected patients. ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An ever-increasing population of immunocompromised individuals, including not only the burgeoning AIDS population but also those patients whose host defenses have been damaged by a wide variety of diseases and their therapies, requires prophylaxis against infectious diseases. Existing vaccines can provide some benefit...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inoculation of Treponema pallidum during intimate physical contact is followed by development of a papule that rapidly erodes, yielding the syphilitic chancre. Hematogenous dissemination results in secondary syphilis, a multisystem disease characterized by skin rash, lymph node enlargement, hepatitis, arthritis, and c...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article presents a discussion of the management of vascular prosthetic infections. The emphasis is on aortic graft infections, but other peripheral graft infections are also discussed. ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various nontuberculous mycobacteria can cause infection of skin and soft tissues. These organisms are also known as atypical mycobacteria, anonymous mycobacteria, and mycobacteria other than tuberculosis. These organisms are much more common causes of cutaneous infection than Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infections cau...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mass gatherings have attracted the attention of the medical community because of the increased demand made on existing services and the potential for public health problems resulting from changes in population dynamics and behaviors. Crowding, lack of hygiene, and rapid population movement at mass gatherings can lead ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2012.05.005
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart transplant remain the definitive therapy for end-stage heart failure but is limited by the availability of suitable donors. Ventricular assist devices (VAD) are designed as mechanical pumps to supplement or replace the function of damaged ventricles and maintain appropriate blood flow in patients with end-stage ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2018.07.001
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although a small number of infections in total joint replacements are blood borne from distant sources, most infections appear to have been derived at operation. Strenuous attempts to reduce this risk by cleaning the air in the wound environment, coupled with prophylactic antibiotics, have reduced infection rates by a...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The combination of molecular pathogen diagnostics and the biomarker procalcitonin (PCT) are changing the use of antimicrobials in patients admitted to critical care units with severe community-acquired pneumonia, possible septic shock, or other clinical syndromes. An elevated serum PCT level is good supportive evidenc...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2017.05.003
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The number of species that comprise the family of Bartonellaceae, genus Bartonella, has recently increased from one to 11 species, five of which have been associated with different diseases and syndromes in humans. The rapidly growing number of human pathogens has led several investigators to regard bartonellosis and ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70215-4
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Critical-care units can be barometers for appropriate antimicrobial use. There, life and death hang on empirical antimicrobial therapy for treatment of infectious diseases. With increasing therapeutic empiricism, triple-drug, broad-spectrum regimens are often necessary, but cannot be continued without fear of the doub...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2009.04.015
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CSF evaluation is the single most important aspect of the laboratory diagnosis of meningitis. Analysis of the CSF abnormalities produced by bacterial, mycobacterial, and fungal infections may greatly facilitate diagnosis and direct initial therapy. Basic studies of CSF that should be performed in all patients with men...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oral lesions are easily visualized and often are signs of systemic diseases. Clinical diagnosis of viral and fungal infections can sometimes be confusing because many lesions will have similar clinical presentations. This article reviews the more common viral- and fungal-associated lesions found in the oral cavity in ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70110-0
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of death from infectious diseases in the United States. It accounts for 500,000 hospitalizations and 45,000 deaths each year, and it represents one of the most common causes of ICU admission. The mortality rate due to severe CAP has shown little improvement over ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2009.04.003
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article provides background information on the pharmacokinetics of antibacterial agents in patients who have normal and impaired renal function. Tables are provided to allow quick determination of appropriate dosages for varying degrees of renal failure. The use of serum levels; newer strategies for cefazolin, va...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2009.06.009
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen in the hospital and in the community, and it is increasingly resistant to multiple antibiotics. A nonantimicrobial approach to controlling S aureus is needed. The most extensively tested vaccine against S aureus, which is a capsular polysaccharide-based vaccine known as S...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2008.10.005
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The approach to neurologic diagnosis and management of HIV-infected and AIDS patients follows that used in general neurologic practice but takes into account the altered probabilities of differential diagnosis in this group of patients. Clinical and neurodiagnostic evaluations, when pursued with a background understan...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infections accompanying severe pancreatitis are secondary and of three types: infected pancreatic necrosis, infected pseudocyst (including peripancreatic fluid collection), and pancreatic abscess. The first is an earlier, more morbid process, with antibiotics supportive and surgical debridement necessary. The latter t...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:HTLV-1 infection is endemic in several Latin American countries. HTLV-1-associated myelophathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma (ATLL) are emerging diseases in the region. Documented risk factors for acquiring the virus include breast-feeding, contaminated blood transfusion, an...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70225-7
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The central nervous system and systemic complications of bacterial meningitis cause significant morbidity and mortality. This article offers insight into the clinical features, pathogenesis, and management of these complications. In many instances, the improved outcome of intervention is based on clinical suspicion an...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70099-4
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The emergence of resistance to antimicrobial agents continues to be a major problem among both nosocomial and community-acquired pathogens. Bacteria employ a variety of strategies to avoid the inhibitory effects of antibiotic agents, and have evolved highly efficient means for the dissemination of resistance traits. T...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Influenza is a zoonotic respiratory virus that affects birds, mammals, and humans. Influenza viruses are unique in their genetic instability, which frequently results in antigenic drift or shift. Antigenic shifts are responsible for influenza epidemics. Influenza A pandemics have been responsible for millions of death...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0891-5520(03)00095-3
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fever of unknown origin is a topic that has enduring interest to physicians. Prolonged fevers of infectious etiology were of particular concern to the ancient physician. This overview of prolonged fevers in antiquity focuses on malaria and typhoid fever as the primary infectious causes. By studying texts from Mesopota...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2007.08.010
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the lethal end stage of a sexually transmitted disease caused by a virus that is producing the major epidemic of our century. In this article we describe the history and epidemiology of AIDS and the disease states associated with infection with the human immunodeficiency vi...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Emerging tick-borne infections continue to be observed in the United States and elsewhere. Current information on the epidemiology, clinical and laboratory features, and treatment of infections due to Ehrlichia muris-like agent, deer tick virus, Borrelia miyamotoi sensu lato, and Heartland virus was provided and criti...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2015.02.009
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
