Abstract：
PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Anatomical and morphological features of Satanocrater were studied to test hypotheses of xeric adaptations in the genus, which is endemic to arid tropical Africa. These features, together with molecular data, were used to test the phylogenetic placement of Satanocrater within the large plant family Acanthaceae. METHODS:We undertook a comparative study of four species of Satanocrater. Carbon isotope ratios were generated to test a hypothesis of C(4) photosynthesis. Molecular data from chloroplast (trnG-trnS, trnG-trnR, psbA-trnH) and nuclear (Eif3E) loci were used to test the placement of Satanocrater within Acanthaceae. KEY RESULTS:Anatomical features reflecting xeric adaptations of species of Satanocrater included a thick-walled epidermis, thick cuticle, abundant trichomes and glandular scales, stomata overarched by subsidiary cells, tightly packed mesophyll cells, and well-developed palisade parenchyma on both leaf surfaces. Although two species had enlarged bundle sheath cells, a feature often implicated in C(4) photosynthesis, isotope ratios indicated all species of Satanocrater use the C(3) pathway. Molecular data resolved Satanocrater within tribe Ruellieae with strong support. Within Ruellieae, our data suggest that pollen morphology of Satanocrater may represent an intermediate stage in a transition series. CONCLUSIONS:Anatomical and morphological features of Satanocrater reflect adaptation to xeric environments and add new information about the biology of xerophytes. Morphological and molecular data place Satanocrater in the tribe Ruellieae with confidence. This study adds to our capacity to test hypotheses of broad evolutionary and ecological interest in a diverse and important family of flowering plants.
journal_name
Am J Botjournal_title
American journal of botanyauthors
Tripp EA,Fatimah Sdoi
10.3732/ajb.1100354subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-06-01 00:00:00pages
967-82issue
6eissn
0002-9122issn
1537-2197pii
ajb.1100354journal_volume
99pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The origin of polyploid Bromus species of section Genea was investigated using molecular data. This group of annual species native from the Old-World is composed of three diploids, two tetraploids, one hexaploid, and one octoploid. Molecular cloning, sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses were performed on several acce...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.95.4.454
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The phenotype of maize plants that are homozygous recessive for the nuclear gene iojap is commonly an "anemic," grainy green appearance accompanied by white leaf stripes, white leaf margins, and reduced growth. In plants in which the iojap effect is occurring (homozygous ij/ij), we find affected tissue varies in exten...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1537-2197.1988.tb13486.x
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the southern Appalachian mountains a subcanopy species, Rhododendron maximum, inhibits the establishment and survival of canopy tree seedlings. One of the mechanisms by which seedlings could be inhibited is an allelopathic effect of decomposing litter or leachate from the canopy of R. maximum (R.m.) on seed germina...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Corallodiscus is widespread across China and in adjacent countries to the west and south, with C. lanuginosus covering the entire range of the genus. Microsatellite markers will be useful to address within-complex taxonomic and biogeographic structures of this species. • METHODS AND R...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1200178
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leaf habit correlates with multiple physiological traits. Understanding ecophysiology is therefore dependent on knowledge of leaf habit. A variety of leaf habits exists within forest understory plant communities. Oxalis acetosella is one such understory plant and has long been considered a wintergreen, meaning that it...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.91.9.1371
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE:Most plants interact with mycorrhizal fungi and animal pollinators simultaneously. Yet, whether mycorrhizae affect traits important to pollination remains poorly understood and may depend on the match between host and fungal genotypes. Here, we examined how ericoid mycorrhizal fungi affected flowering phenology...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1372
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE:Outcomes of species interactions, especially mutualisms, are notoriously dependent on environmental context, and environments are changing rapidly. Studies have investigated how mutualisms respond to or ameliorate anthropogenic environmental changes, but most have focused on nutrient pollution or climate change...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1404
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Eocene caldera-lake beds at Laguna del Hunco (LH, ca. 52.2 Ma) and Río Pichileufú (RP, ca. 47.7 Ma) in Argentine Patagonia provide copious information about the biological history of Gondwana. Several plant genera from these sites are known as fossils from southern Australia and New Zealand and sur...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1100367
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the function of floral traits associated with buzz pollination through studies of Rhexia virginica (Melastomataceae) in the Muskoka region of Ontario, Canada. Controlled pollinations demonstrated that the species is self-compatible, but dependent on insects for pollen transfer. Bumble bees made 82 and 90% ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Bignoniaceae is an important component of neotropical forests and a model for evolutionary and biogeographical studies. A previous combination of molecular markers and morphological traits improved the phylogeny of the group. Here we demonstrate the value of next-generation sequencing (NGS) to asse...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1700302
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Tea Unigene-derived MicroSatellite (TUGMS) markers were identified from the publicly available EST data in Camellia sinensis for characterization and future genome mapping studies in tea. METHODS AND RESULTS:One hundred twelve novel TUGMS markers were identified from 4356 unigenes derived by clust...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1000525
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Madagasikaria andersonii is described here as a new genus and species of Malpighiaceae from Madagascar. The phylogenetic placement of Madagasikaria was estimated by using combined data from ndhF and trnL-F chloroplast sequences and phytochrome (PHYC) and ITS nuclear sequences. It forms a strongly supported clade with ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.89.4.699
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Microsatellite loci were developed for the endangered species Pityopsis ruthii and will permit genetic and conservation studies of the species. METHODS AND RESULTS:A microsatellite-enriched library was used to develop 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci for P. ruthii. The loci amplified perfect and...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1100100
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zeuxine gracilis, Zeuxine strateumatica, and Eulophia sinensis are wild orchids with different breeding systems and colonizing abilities. Zeuxine gracilis is an outcrosser with restricted distribution, whereas S. strateumatica is an apomictic colonizer found only in newly available open habitats. Eulophia sinensis is ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gas exchange was measured in two subalpine herbs during alternating periods of sun and shade that simulated natural cloud patterns. Stomatal conductance (g) in the subalpine herb Helianthella quinquenervis was reduced by as much as 75% during 5-min shade periods that ranged in photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD)...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1537-2197.1990.tb13548.x
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We launched imbibed seeds and seedlings of Zea mays into outer space aboard the space shuttle Columbia to determine the influence of microgravity on 1) root-cap regeneration, and 2) the distribution of amyloplasts and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in the putative statocytes (i.e., columella cells) of roots. Decapped roo...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Phylogenetic and morphological studies have helped clarify the systematics of large and complex groups such as the tribe Crotoneae (Euphorbiaceae). However, very little is known about the diversity, structure, and function of anatomical features in this tribe. Crotoneae comprises the species-rich p...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1500017
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The timing, geographical locations, causes, and consequences of crop domestication have long been major concerns of archaeologists, and agricultural origins and dispersals are currently more relevant than ever to scientists seeking solutions to elusive problems involving food insecurity and global health disparities. ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1400145
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lxm1-O, a dominant EMS (ethyl methanesulfonate) induced mutation in maize (Zea mays, Poaceae), was originally reported to affect the blade/sheath boundary over the midrib region of the leaf. Here we present a more extensive analysis of the Lxm phenotype in nine different inbred lines. Lxm leaves are longer and narrowe...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Wood, or secondary xylem, is composed mostly of three components-cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. Yet this apparent simplicity is deceiving because the sophisticated arrangement of the components on various structural levels, ranging from intricate molecular architecture to defined cellular arrangements to tissu...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.93.10.1433
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The evolution of metal tolerance in plants is an important model for studies of adaptation to environment, population genetics, and speciation. Here, we investigated nickel tolerance in the North American serpentine endemic Caulanthus amplexicaulis var. barbarae in comparison with its nonserpentine...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1200382
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nuclear and chloroplast DNA variation was assayed for two populations of Louisiana irises (Bayou Teche and Young's Coulee) that demonstrated extreme morphological variation and for a sample of the putative hybrid species, Iris nelsonii. The genetic markers examined in this analysis were diagnostic for either Iris fulv...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1537-2197.1993.tb13843.x
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The balance between clonal and sexual reproduction can vary widely among plant populations, and the extent of clonality may be influenced by the combined effects of historical land use and variation in environmental conditions. We investigated patterns of clonal spread in five Trillium cuneatum populations, two in the...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.2007159
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many plant species contain populations with more than one polyploid cytotype, but little is known of the mechanisms maintaining several cytotypes in a population. Andropogon gerardii cytotypes were compared to evaluate different models of autopolyploid cytotype coexistence. The enneaploid (90 chromosome, 9x) cytotype ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Autopolyploidy, or whole-genome duplication within a species, leads to closely related cytotypes in one geographic location. One hypothesized mechanism by which autopolyploids become established is climatic niche divergence from their diploid progenitor. Here we tested this hypothesis in diploid, t...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1161
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Microsatellite loci were developed to characterize genetic variation and population subdivision in Khaya senegalensis (Desr.) A. Juss. (Meliaceae). • METHODS AND RESULTS:Microsatellite loci were identified from genomic DNA sequences generated using the 454 GS-FLX titanium platform. Pr...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1000300
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bamboo is considered useful for controlling landslides, but we observed numerous shallow-slope failures in forests of big node bamboo (Phyllostachys nidularia) in Sichuan, China. Therefore, we inventoried landslide occurrence and vegetation type along one valley. To quantify bamboo root anchorage, we performed uprooti...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.94.7.1129
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:• PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The question why leaf dimensions vary so much between species has long puzzled ecologists. Presumably, variation arises from selective forces acting on leaf function but which selective forces and which leaf functions? This investigation assesses the consistency of divergence in plant...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1400379
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fossil record of aquatic flowering plants broadens our understanding of their former diversity and origins from terrestrial ancestors. This paper describes a floating aquatic monocot from 71 whole plants and several isolated leaf fragments from Upper Cretaceous oxbow lake sediments in the Dinosaur Park Formation, ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.94.4.609
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Documented fossil floras in the neotropics are sparse, yet their records provide evidence on the spatial and temporal occurrence of taxa, allowing for testing of biogeographical and diversification scenarios on individual lineages. A new fossil Piper from the Late Cretaceous of Colombia is describe...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1400427
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
