Abstract：
:Lxm1-O, a dominant EMS (ethyl methanesulfonate) induced mutation in maize (Zea mays, Poaceae), was originally reported to affect the blade/sheath boundary over the midrib region of the leaf. Here we present a more extensive analysis of the Lxm phenotype in nine different inbred lines. Lxm leaves are longer and narrower, and can initiate ectopic leaves. Additionally, Lxm1-O affects all plant organs observed. Compared to wild-type siblings, Lxm plants have fewer nodes, basal displacement of reproductive structures, and advance more quickly to the reproductive phase. We address questions as to whether Lxm1-O abbreviates a specific developmental phase, using hair, wax, and ear node data. We found that each phase was affected, although to varying degrees, depending on the inbred line. We interpret Lxm1-O to be a heterochronic mutation, causing the developmental acceleration of each phase of the shoot. Lxm1-O is novel, since other systemic heterochronic maize mutants prolong the juvenile phase, thereby extending shoot development. We discuss the importance of heterochronic mutations in the context of morphological evolution.
journal_name
Am J Botjournal_title
American journal of botanyauthors
Schichnes D,Freeling Msubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-04-01 00:00:00pages
481issue
4eissn
0002-9122issn
1537-2197pii
85/4/481journal_volume
85pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Many foliar pathogens require free water to germinate; therefore, disease pressure should favor plants that are able to repel water. For a suite of 18 sympatric clover species (Trifolium and Medicago, Fabaceae), we evaluated leaf traits affecting leaf wetness and susceptibility to infection by the fungal pathogen Stem...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.90.6.857
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parsimony, likelihood, and Bayesian analyses of nuclear ITS and plastid trnL-F DNA sequence data are presented for the giant genus Croton (Euphorbiaceae s.s.) and related taxa. Sampling comprises 88 taxa, including 78 of the estimated 1223 species and 29 of the 40 sections previously recognized of Croton. It also incl...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.92.9.1520
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The selective maintenance of gynodioecy depends on the relative fitness of the male-sterile (female) and hermaphroditic morphs. Females may compensate for their loss of male fitness by reallocating resources from male function (pollen production and pollinator attraction) to female function (seeds and fruits), thus in...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural recruitment of oaks appears to be declining throughout the northern hemisphere. Summer drought poses a potentially important barrier to oak recruitment in southern California. To evaluate this barrier, we grew evergreen Quercus agrifolia and deciduous Q. lobata from seeds near parental trees. We measured water...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.0800247
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Madagasikaria andersonii is described here as a new genus and species of Malpighiaceae from Madagascar. The phylogenetic placement of Madagasikaria was estimated by using combined data from ndhF and trnL-F chloroplast sequences and phytochrome (PHYC) and ITS nuclear sequences. It forms a strongly supported clade with ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.89.4.699
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Plants adjust their phenology in response to seasonal cues experienced both by their parents and by themselves, and coordinating responses to these cues is necessary for expressing adaptive phenology. We investigated how cues are integrated across time to influence an important progeny phenotype, i...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1600389
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The micromorphology of pits in tracheary elements was examined in 35 species representing 29 genera of Rosaceae and related families to evaluate the assumption that angiosperm pits are largely invariant. In most Rosaceae, pit membranes between fibers and tracheids frequently appear to have amorphous thickenings with a...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.94.4.503
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Tea Unigene-derived MicroSatellite (TUGMS) markers were identified from the publicly available EST data in Camellia sinensis for characterization and future genome mapping studies in tea. METHODS AND RESULTS:One hundred twelve novel TUGMS markers were identified from 4356 unigenes derived by clust...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1000525
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nuphar comprises 13 species of aquatic perennials distributed in the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The European species N. lutea and N. pumila in Norway, the Netherlands, and Germany are pollinated by bees and flies, including apparent Nuphar specialists. This contrasts with reports of predominant beetle pollination ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Identifying recently diverged taxa can be useful for studying the process of speciation. Ipomoea lacunosa and I. cordatotriloba, along with a putative homoploid hybrid, I. ×leucantha, are closely related taxa, which are promising for investigating the early stages of speciation. The objectives of t...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1200467
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We tested the hypothesis that trees growing at high elevations with occasional freezing temperatures have smaller diameter xylem vessels than trees of the same species growing at lower and warmer elevations. The young branch wood of the wide-ranging Hawaiian tree species Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae) was examine...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.94.5.709
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The phenotype of maize plants that are homozygous recessive for the nuclear gene iojap is commonly an "anemic," grainy green appearance accompanied by white leaf stripes, white leaf margins, and reduced growth. In plants in which the iojap effect is occurring (homozygous ij/ij), we find affected tissue varies in exten...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1537-2197.1988.tb13486.x
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE:Inbreeding depression is traditionally considered a major factor favoring outcrossing in hermaphrodites. Recent experiments have shown that environmental conditions can influence the magnitude of inbreeding depression, but their relevance in natural populations is unclear. To investigate this, we studied the cl...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1410
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The utility of the PCR-based AFLP technique (polymerase chain reaction; amplified fragment length polymorphisms) was explored in elucidating details of polyploid evolution in the Eurasian orchid genus Dactylorhiza. We emphasized Swedish taxa but also included some material from the British Isles and elsewhere in Europ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The life histories of lichen fungi are not well known and cannot be readily studied in laboratory culture. This work documents in situ the complete life cycle of the widespread crustose lichen Calopadia puiggarii, which reproduces sexually and asexually on the surfaces of leaves. METHODS:Plastic c...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1400272
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Climate cycles of the Quaternary have impacted plants at a global scale, leaving behind a complex genetic legacy. Species of the northern Rocky Mountains of North America were exposed to more uniform glacial patterns than the central and southern ranges, where synergistic relationships between temp...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1259
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For more than a century, the common ancestor of flowering plants was thought to have had a seven-celled, eight-nucleate Polygonum-type female gametophyte. It is now evident that not one, but in fact three, patterns of female gametophyte development and mature structure characterize the common ancestors of the four mos...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.0800311
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atriplex prostrata Boucher, a facultative halophyte, exhibits significant reduction in height and biomass and in the width of the cortex and vascular tissue under saline conditions. Therefore, the goal of this investigation was to determine the effect of salinity on plant growth as well as on the patterns of lignifica...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF STUDY:Sequence analyses for Pinaceae have suggested that extant genera diverged in the late Mesozoic. While the fossil record indicates that Pinaceae was highly diverse during the Cretaceous, there are few records of living genera. This description of an anatomically preserved seed cone extends the fossil re...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1100568
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Microsatellite loci were developed for the endangered species Pityopsis ruthii and will permit genetic and conservation studies of the species. METHODS AND RESULTS:A microsatellite-enriched library was used to develop 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci for P. ruthii. The loci amplified perfect and...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1100100
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Microsatellite primers were developed in the traditional Tibetan medicinal plant Halenia elliptica D. Don to investigate its genetic diversity and population genetic structure. METHODS AND RESULTS:Using the Fast Isolation by AFLP of Sequences Containing (FIASCO) repeats protocol, 24 primer sets we...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1000534
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A well-integrated plant shows extensive carbohydrate translocation through the plant body. Even in highly integrated plants, however, translocation patterns will be sectorial if vascular tissue restricts carbon movement to sectors along stems. Both integration and sectorial translocation patterns are sensitive to plan...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The biological nature of some symbioses is unclear because it is often not easy to discern whether the symbionts obtain any benefits from the association. Mastodia tessellata, a symbiosis between a leafy green alga and a fungus of uncertain phylogenetic position, is among the most investigated, controversial, and poor...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.0900323
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zeuxine gracilis, Zeuxine strateumatica, and Eulophia sinensis are wild orchids with different breeding systems and colonizing abilities. Zeuxine gracilis is an outcrosser with restricted distribution, whereas S. strateumatica is an apomictic colonizer found only in newly available open habitats. Eulophia sinensis is ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seeds are useful in distinguishing among extant genera of Vitaceae and provide a good basis for interpretation of fossil remains in reconstructing the evolutionary and phytogeographic history of this putatively basal Rosid family. Seeds of Ampelocissus s.l. including Pterisanthes and Nothocissus are distinguished from...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.94.9.1534
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Megaspore and microspore massulae of Paleoazolla patagonica gen. et sp. nov. are described from the Upper Cretaceous of La Colonia Formation, Chubut Province, Argentina. The new fern possesses megaspore complexes with three to four glochidiate floats attached directly to the megaspore; a columella-like structure appea...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:• PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The evolution of invasiveness has been extensively studied in natural ecosystems; however, far less is known about the evolution of agricultural invasiveness, despite the major economic impact of weeds on crop productivity. Examining the population structure of recently arisen weeds c...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1400064
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:We developed the first set of microsatellite markers for the passion fruit, Passiflora cincinnata, to provide tools for further study of its genetic diversity and to support current conservation and genetic studies. METHODS AND RESULTS:We used a microsatellite-enriched library approach to isolate ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1100477
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE:Woody plants with photosynthetic stems are common in the drylands of the world; however, we know little about the origin(s) and geographical distribution of photosynthetic stems. Therefore, we set to answer the following questions: (1) Is stem photosynthesis phylogenetically conserved? (2) Do green-stemmed and ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1572
更新日期：2020-12-06 00:00:00
abstract：:In a wet oligotrophic meadow located in the Czech Republic, a factorial experiment with treatments consisting of fertilization, mowing, and removal of the dominant species (Molinia caerulea) was established in 1994. In 1997 Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Potentilla erecta, Prunella vulgaris, and Ranunculus auricomu...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
