Abstract：
:The timing, geographical locations, causes, and consequences of crop domestication have long been major concerns of archaeologists, and agricultural origins and dispersals are currently more relevant than ever to scientists seeking solutions to elusive problems involving food insecurity and global health disparities. Perennial research issues that archaeologists continue to tackle include (1) thinking outside centers of origin that were based on limited and insufficient past knowledge; (2) distinguishing between single and multiple domestications of specific crops; (3) measuring the pace of domestication; and (4) decoupling domestication from agricultural economies. Paleoethnobotanists have expanded their toolkits to include analysis of ancient and modern DNA and have added increasingly sophisticated techniques in the field and the laboratory to derive precise chronological sequences to assess morphological changes in ancient and often fragmentary archaeobotanical remains and to correctly interpret taphonomy and context. Multiple lines of archaeological evidence are ideally brought together, and whenever possible, these are integrated with information from complementary sources. We discuss current perspectives and anthropological approaches to research that have as their goals the fuller and broader understanding of ancient farming societies, the plants that were domesticated, the landscapes that were created, and the culinary legacies that were passed on.
journal_name
Am J Botjournal_title
American journal of botanyauthors
Langlie BS,Mueller NG,Spengler RN,Fritz GJdoi
10.3732/ajb.1400145subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-10-01 00:00:00pages
1601-17issue
10eissn
0002-9122issn
1537-2197pii
ajb.1400145journal_volume
101pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:A key question in evolutionary biology is why some clades are more successful by being widespread geographically, biome diverse, or species-rich. To extend understanding of how shifts in area, biomes, and pollinators impact diversification in plants, we examined the relationships of these shifts to...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1268
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because leaf pubescence of the desert shrub Encelia farinosa increases in response to drought and influences photosynthesis and transpiration, we hypothesized that differences in water availability across the range of this species may result in genetic differentiation for pubescence and associated productivity traits....
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.90.10.1481
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Cryptic species are superficially morphologically indistinguishable and therefore erroneously classified under one single name. The identification and delimitation of these species is usually a difficult task. The main aim of this study is to provide an inclusive methodology that combines standard ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1000438
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The selective maintenance of gynodioecy depends on the relative fitness of the male-sterile (female) and hermaphroditic morphs. Females may compensate for their loss of male fitness by reallocating resources from male function (pollen production and pollinator attraction) to female function (seeds and fruits), thus in...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Size, allometry, and mechanical design were measured for trees of three canopy species in a tropical rain forest in French Guiana. Mechanical design was expressed as the safety factor, using the elastic-stability model, and the wind resistance factor, using the constant-stress model. Changes with ontogeny were describ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maximum parsimony analysis of DNA sequence data from the internal and external transcribed spacer (ITS and ETS) regions of 18S-26S nuclear ribosomal DNA and the 3' trnK intron of chloroplast DNA from over 60 populations of Lasthenia sect. Amphiachaenia yielded a well-supported tree showing that the most common species...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.89.7.1103
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fresh weights of suspension cultures of pear (Pyrus communis) and quince (Cydonia oblonga) increased exponentially for 30 to 40 days after subculturing. Transferring pear cultures to media in which quince cultures had grown for 10 days resulted in a 70% inhibition of callus growth. Transferring quince cultures to ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1537-2197.1986.tb09673.x
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of the genus Cerastium were studied using sequences of three noncoding plastid DNA regions (trnL intron, trnL-trnF spacer, and psbA-trnH spacer). A total of 57 Cerastium taxa was analyzed using two species of the putative sister genus Stellaria as outgroups. Maximum parsimon...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.91.6.943
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE:Within closed-canopy forests, vertical gradients of light and atmospheric CO2 drive variations in leaf carbon isotope ratios, leaf mass per area (LMA), and the micromorphology of leaf epidermal cells. Variations in traits observed in preserved or fossilized leaves could enable inferences of past forest canopy c...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1523
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Field surveys of cynipid gall-inducer occurrences on Quercus species were conducted in Florida, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania, USA. All cynipids demonstrated strong host species and organ fidelity. One result of this specialization is effective niche partitioning among cynipids. The host-association patterns of the...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primarily known only by the edible fruits of Citrus, Rutaceae comprise a large (c. 160 genera and 1900 species), morphologically diverse, cosmopolitan family. Of its extraordinary array of secondary chemical compounds, many have medicinal, antimicrobial, insecticidal, or herbicidal properties. To assist with the much-...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.2007313
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Megaspore and microspore massulae of Paleoazolla patagonica gen. et sp. nov. are described from the Upper Cretaceous of La Colonia Formation, Chubut Province, Argentina. The new fern possesses megaspore complexes with three to four glochidiate floats attached directly to the megaspore; a columella-like structure appea...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Invasive plant species threaten native plants in multiple ways, one of which is genetic assimilation through hybridization. However, information regarding hybridization between related alien and native plant species is generally lacking. In Hawaii, the invasive Central American species...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1300018
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is generally thought that sedimenting plastids are responsible for gravity sensing in higher plants. We directly tested the model generated by the current statolith hypothesis that the gravity sensing that leads to gravitropism results from an interaction between the plastids and actin microfilaments. We find that ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pollinator-mediated natural selection has been shown to act on phenotypic variation in floral morphology, and this variation has often been demonstrated to be heritable, but few details are available concerning the sources of floral variation. We examined phenotypic variation in seven floral traits in wild radish (Rap...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We developed an improved cytological protocol for producing high quality, light microscope images of plant meiotic chromosomes. Because the technique works on species with small genomes and thick microsporocyte cell walls, it should be useful for studying the wild relatives of Arabidopsis and other eudicots with small...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.94.12.2063
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:During the interactions between a parasitic plant and its host, the parasite affects its host morphologically, anatomically, and physiologically, yet there has been little focus on the effect of hosts on the parasite. Here, the functional interactions between the hemiparasitic mistletoe Psittacanth...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1600166
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genus Caltha (Ranunculaceae) consists of 10 species of low-growing, perennial herbs distributed throughout the moist temperate and cold regions of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Traditionally, the species have been divided into two sections: section Psychrophila in the Southern Hemisphere with diploph...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.91.2.247
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Additional information on the morphology of the vegetative ultimate branches of Archaeopteris roemeriana was obtained by uncovering compression specimens collected in Upper Devonian deposits in Belgium. For the first time, anisophylly, previously inferred from anatomical studies, is demonstrated on one species of the ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the alpine landscape most plant populations are spatially isolated due to extreme patchiness and strong natural fragmentation. We used RAPD-PCR (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction) for a study of the genetic diversity within and among 20 populations of Geum reptans, an outcrossing clonal p...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.91.12.2013
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The specific shape of the relationship between plant diversity and productivity and the causal mechanism(s) behind the observed pattern(s) are still highly debated. Recent advances suggest that the relationship depends on several environmental variables and may change with the observational scale. In this study, a mul...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.94.1.79
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Eocene caldera-lake beds at Laguna del Hunco (LH, ca. 52.2 Ma) and Río Pichileufú (RP, ca. 47.7 Ma) in Argentine Patagonia provide copious information about the biological history of Gondwana. Several plant genera from these sites are known as fossils from southern Australia and New Zealand and sur...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1100367
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE:Medullary bundles, i.e., vascular units in the pith, have evolved multiple times in vascular plants. However, no study has ever explored their anatomical diversity and evolution within a phylogenetic framework. Here, we investigated the development of the primary vascular system within Nyctaginaceae showing how...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1471
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The biogeography of plant-animal interactions is a novel topic on which many disciplines converge (e.g., reproductive biology, biogeography, and evolutionary biology). Narrative reviews have indicated that tropical columnar cacti and agaves have highly specialized pollination systems, while extratropical species have ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.0800392
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The classification of the genus Salix has historically been intrinsically difficult due to its propensity toward plasticity and high variation in diagnostic morphological characters. We investigated leaf epidermal characteristics, focusing on the stomatal apparatus because it may provide critical i...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1100019
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The ecological and evolutionary significance of natural epigenetic variation (i.e., not based on DNA sequence variants) variation will depend critically on whether epigenetic states are transmitted from parents to offspring, but little is known on epigenetic inheritance in nonmodel plants. METHODS...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1074
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Developmental and physiological studies of roots are frequently limited to a post-germination stage. In Arabidopsis, a developmental change in the root meristem architecture during plant ontogenesis has not previously been studied and is addressed presently. Arabidopsis thaliana have closed root apical organization, i...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.89.6.908
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Xylem of the orchids studied provided unusually favorable material to demonstrate how conductive tissue evolves in monocotyledons. In the end walls of tracheary elements of many Orchidaceae, remnants of pit membranes were observed with scanning electron microscopy and minimally destructive methods. The full range from...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.93.7.963
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In rainforests, trunk size, strength, crown position, and geometry of a tree affect light interception and the likelihood of mechanical failure. Allometric relationships of tree diameter, wood density, and crown architecture vs. height are described for a diverse range of rainforest trees in Brunei, northern Borneo. T...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.94.12.1951
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ultrastructure of Typha latifolia pollen was examined as a function of pollen moisture content and incubation temperature, in order to identify possible lesions induced by imbibitional chilling. A syndrome of structural traits was found which characterizes damaged grains. Compared to viable grains, the protoplas...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
