Abstract：
:In a community based, prospective study to determine risk factors for falls, 465 women and 296 men 70 years and over were followed for 1 year and 507 falls were documented. A greater proportion of women (32.7%) than men (23.0%) experienced at least one fall in which there was no or minimal external contribution. Using unconditional logistic regression models we investigated the effect of physical and sociological variables on the sex difference in fall rate. Controlling for the variables age, use of psychotropic drugs, inability to rise from a chair without using arms, going outdoors less than daily and living alone decreased the relative risk of women falling compared to men from 2.02 (95% CI, 1.40-2.92) to 1.55 (95% CI 1.04-2.31). Some of the increased risk of falling associated with being a women was able to be explained and is potentially correctable. But even after controlling for the physical and social variables which we had assessed, women compared to men still had a significantly increased relative risk of falling.
journal_name
J Clin Epidemioljournal_title
Journal of clinical epidemiologyauthors
Campbell AJ,Spears GF,Borrie MJdoi
10.1016/0895-4356(90)90110-bsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-01-01 00:00:00pages
1415-20issue
12eissn
0895-4356issn
1878-5921pii
0895-4356(90)90110-Bjournal_volume
43pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study examines the effects of telephone and mail interview methods on the measurement of health-related quality of life. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:One thousand six hundred ninety individuals aged 25-66 were interviewed randomly either by telephone or by mail. Health-related quality of life was assessed w...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.12.003
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To identify key principles of graph construction and to review guidance on graph construction provided by medical journals. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Review of a prevailing model of graph comprehension and survey of authors' instructions for all 120 core medical journals as indexed by PubMed. RESULTS:Graph ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.12.016
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim was to construct and validate algorithms for osteoporosis case ascertainment from administrative databases and to estimate the population prevalence of osteoporosis for these algorithms. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Artificial neural networks, classification trees, and logistic regression were applied t...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2008.02.002
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To evaluate whether noninferiority trials are designed to adequately preserve the historical treatment effect of their active comparators. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We reviewed 162 noninferiority trials published in high-impact medical journals. We assessed whether trials were designed to ensure that interve...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.03.003
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The probability of a disease, given the result of two diagnostic tests, can be calculated by multiplying the odds of disease after the first test by the likelihood ratio of the second test. OBJECTIVE:To illustrate the error that occurs when calculating disease probability by combining the results of tests t...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.04.010
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the frequency of unpublished systematic reviews (SRs) and explore factors contributing to their occurrence. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:First or corresponding authors from a sample of SRs published in 2005 were asked to participate in a 26-item survey administered through the Internet, facsimile, a...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2008.09.014
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:The level of agreement between index and proxy respondents on assessment of health status of clinical cohorts is variable. There is limited information regarding agreement between cardiac surgery patients and their proxies, and levels of agreement examined across repeated measures. This study e...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.06.010
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We performed analyses to examine the structure, validity, and responsiveness to change of the Marks Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ), originally validated in Australia in a self-administered format, among 539 U.S. subjects with asthma. Subjects were interviewed twice by telephone over an 18-month period. Ba...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(99)00026-8
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Response bias may affect the result of surveys with <100% response rate. We applied methods commonly used in meta-analysis to ascertain the extent to which response bias affects multiwave survey results. METHODS:To test hypotheses of between-wave similarity, we used the Cochran-Armitage test f...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.11.027
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess whether the reported trial characteristics are associated with treatment effects on all-cause mortality within critical care medicine. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We identified all eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from Cochrane Reviews on patients with sepsis, septic shock, and cardiogeni...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.05.016
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Differences in the rate of metacarpal bone loss were evaluated in a 9 year population based follow-up study among 799 women initially aged 45-64 years, using initial and follow-up radiographs of the hands. Metacarpal bone loss started around the age of 50 years and was present in more than 95% of the women. The averag...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(90)90162-i
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although previous studies document that blood pressure measured in the clinic may differ significantly from blood pressure recorded over 24 hours, the impact of these differences on patient selection for therapeutic drug trials is unknown. A placebo controlled double-blind evaluation of an experimental antihypertensiv...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(89)90046-2
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cross-sectional data from the Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study were used to examine the relationships between waist to hip circumference ratio (WHR) and the presence of diabetes complications in IDDM adults ages 18-45 years (N = 586). Significantly higher WHRs were observed among both genders with prolifer...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(94)90291-7
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to describe patterns of health care use by inner-city patients with asthma and to identify patients at risk for hospitalization. We performed a retrospective cohort study of 1788 patients with asthma aged 5 to 34 years from a large hospital-based multi-specialty practice in inner-city Ind...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(96)00333-2
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both spontaneous reports and single outcome studies may distort the overall safety evaluation of drugs. We identified epidemiologic studies, published from January 1970 to December 1995, that investigated the association of serious adverse effects with aspirin, diclofenac, acetaminophen, and dipyrone to determine and ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00076-6
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this paper was to evaluate the combined effect of alcohol, smoking habits and frequency of consumption of selected dietary items, which are the major sources of retinoids and beta-carotene in the Italian diet, on the risk of esophageal cancer (EC). The adequacy of the multiplicative structure for describing...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(92)90035-l
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the relationship between age at natural menopause and total mortality as well as mortality from ischemic heart disease in a cohort of 6182 California Seventh-Day Adventist women who reported a natural menopause. During follow-up from 1976 through 1988, there were 1831 deaths. A total of 308 deaths due to is...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00170-x
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess if predefined variables in study design, instrument type, and patient characteristics account for variance in reported retest reliability for the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Roland-Morris Questionnaire (RMQ). A second aim was a more precise estimate of instrument reliability. STUDY DESIGN A...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2012.06.024
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reports a prospective study, carried out in elderly patients hospitalized for acute illness, designed to evaluate the effectiveness of medical treatment from the point of view of quality of life (QoL). Patient's autoperception and satisfaction with health, the most relevant subjective estimates of QoL, were...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(94)00237-k
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The uncertainty around number needed to treat (NNT) is often represented through a confidence interval (CI). However, it is not clear how the CI can help inform treatment decisions. We developed decision-theoretic measures of uncertainty for the NNT. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We build our argument on the bas...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2012.01.022
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The classical diagnostic cross-sectional study has a focus on one disease only. Generalist clinicians, however, are confronted with a wide range of diagnoses. We propose the "comprehensive diagnostic study design" to evaluate diagnostic tests regarding more than one disease outcome. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.05.019
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Constructs capturing health or functioning can have reflective and/or formative measurement models. Although a construct's measurement model has extensive implications on the construction, validation, and use of a measurement instrument, measurement models are frequently wrongly or not explicitly specified. ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.07.007
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A key component in the evaluation of efficacy of a vaccine to protect against disease caused by an antigenically diverse infectious pathogen in a preventative vaccine trial is assessing how vaccine-induced protection depends on genotypic and phenotypic variations of the exposing pathogen. This assessment is made by co...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(00)00258-4
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Health researchers commonly use logistic regression when profiling health providers. Data from the patients treated by the providers are used to construct models predicting the expected number of outcomes for providers and the ratio of observed to expected outcomes (O/E ratio) used as a risk-adjusted measure of provid...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(03)00048-9
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We review the uses of electronic health care data algorithms, measures of their accuracy, and reasons for prioritizing one measure of accuracy over another. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We use real studies to illustrate the variety of uses of automated health care data in epidemiologic and health services resear...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.09.002
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intraindividual variability (IIV) in total cholesterol levels based on measurements taken 1 week apart is compared with an estimate based on measurements taken 2 years apart. Single-subject 95% confidence intervals around the mean of two repeated measurements were Xi +/- 21 and +/- 28 mg/dl, respectively, and Xi +/- 3...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(93)90115-h
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the sensitivity of International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9-CM) coding for detecting hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia and to assess possible determinants for misclassification. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Based on microbiological analysis data, 293 patients with a principal diagnosis...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.10.018
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate cost savings from and implications of replacing the single risk with a total cardiovascular risk approach in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:A cost analysis using data from the 2007-08 Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey of 1,432 persons aged 40 ye...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.11.027
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We analyzed data from outpatients with chronic low back pain (LBP) in the Veterans Health Study (n = 563) to examine the relationship between localized LBP intensity and radiating leg pain in assessing patient functional status, low back disability, and use of diagnostic imaging. Based on the localized LBP intensity, ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(99)00094-3
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mortality in relation to body mass index (BMI) was studied in 17,159 healthy Finnish women aged 25-79 followed up for a median of 12 years. Mortality from all cases was related to BMI only in non-smokers aged 25-64, among whom the mortality pattern was "U"-shaped, with a minimum in the second quintile of BMI (the refe...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(91)90131-r
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
