Abstract：
:Dynamics of neuronal networks can be altered in at least two ways: by changes in connectivity, that is, the physical architecture of the network, or changes in the amplitudes and kinetics of the intrinsic and synaptic currents within and between the elements making up a network. We argue that the latter changes are often overlooked as sources of alterations in network behavior when there are also structural (connectivity) abnormalities present; indeed, they may even give rise to the structural changes observed in these states. Here we look at two clinically relevant states (Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia) and argue that non-structural changes are important in the development of abnormal dynamics within the networks known to be relevant to each disorder. We also discuss anesthesia, since it is entirely acute, thus illustrating the potent effects of changes in synaptic and intrinsic membrane currents in the absence of structural alteration. In each of these, we focus on the role of changes in GABAergic function within microcircuits, stressing literature within the last few years.
journal_name
Curr Opin Neurobioljournal_title
Current opinion in neurobiologyauthors
McCarthy MM,Ching S,Whittington MA,Kopell Ndoi
10.1016/j.conb.2012.02.009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-08-01 00:00:00pages
693-703issue
4eissn
0959-4388issn
1873-6882pii
S0959-4388(12)00031-1journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Schizophrenia is often associated with cognitive deficits, particularly within the domains of memory and language. Specific cognitive deficits have recently been linked to psychotic phenomena, including verbal hallucinations and disorganized speech. Impairments of working and semantic memory are primarily due to dysfu...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-4388(00)00068-4
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rhythms are a prominent signature of brain activity. Their expression is correlated with numerous examples of healthy information processing and their fluctuations are a marker of disease states. Yet, their causal or epiphenomenal role in brain function is still highly debated. We review recent studies showing brain r...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2016.06.010
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our understanding of the gut system has been revolutionized over the past decade, in particular regarding its role in immune control and psychological regulation. The vagus nerve is a crucial link between gut and brain, transmitting diverse gut-derived signals, and has been implicated in many gastrointestinal, neurolo...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2020.03.006
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study of spatial maps of the ventral sensory-motor cortex (vSMC) dates back to the earliest cortical stimulation studies. This review surveys a number of recent and historical reports of the features and function of spatial maps within vSMC towards the human behavior of speaking. Representations of the vocal tract...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2013.08.015
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A long-standing hypothesis postulates that the striatum is essential for the concurrent selection of adaptive actions and repression of inappropriate alternatives. Here, classical and recent anatomical and physiological studies are reviewed to show that, in mammals, the striatum can detect discrete task-relevant senso...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2018.04.009
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the past year, our knowledge of neurotransmitter transporters has increased significantly. Recently, new members of two families of plasma membrane uptake carriers have been cloned, and the stoichiometries, physiological function and mechanisms of modulation of some of these transporters are now better understood. ...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0959-4388(94)90096-5
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genetic mosaic techniques provide a powerful tool for dissecting gene function in the intricate genetic networks that underlie the formation and function of nervous systems. For instance, it is possible to make individual cells or groups of cells homozygous for mutations of interest at specific points during an organi...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2004.08.005
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the seminal discoveries in developmental neuroscience is that altering visual experience through monocular deprivation can alter both the physiological and the anatomical representation of the two eyes, called ocular dominance columns, in primary visual cortex. This rearrangement is restricted to a critical per...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2005.01.012
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Priming is a nonconscious form of memory in which an encounter with a stimulus influences the subsequent identification, production or classification of the same or a related stimulus. Neuroimaging studies have revealed that behavioral priming is typically accompanied by reduced activity in several cortical regions. W...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2007.02.001
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The astonishing cellular diversity in the central nervous system (CNS) arises from neural progenitors which can undergo different modes of symmetric and asymmetric divisions to self-renew as well as produce differentiated neuronal and glial progeny. Drosophila CNS neural progenitor cells, neuroblasts, have been utilis...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2008.05.002
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have provided new insights into the role of presynaptic ligand-gated ion channels in modifying synaptic transmission. Along with a growing list of different types of presynaptic ionotropic receptors and the cell types that express them, there have been advances in characterizing the molecular components...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-4388(96)80118-8
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Central core (brainstem, diencephalic and basal forebrain) systems influence the functional modes of thalamic and cortical neurons during behavioral states of vigilance. Recent studies in vivo and in vitro have focused on the cellular properties of central core systems and their modulation of slow sleep oscillations, ...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0959-4388(93)90064-6
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A long standing goal in motor control is to determine the fundamental output controlled by the CNS: does the CNS control the activation of individual motor units, individual muscles, groups of muscles, kinematic or dynamic features of movement, or does it simply care about accomplishing a task? Of course, the output c...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2009.09.002
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glioblastoma (GBM) are aggressive and therapy-resistant brain tumours driven by glioma stem-like cells (GSCs). GSC behaviour is controlled by the microenvironment, or niche, in which the cells reside. It is well-established that the vasculature is a key component of the GSC niche, which drives maintenance in the tumou...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2017.06.008
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroepithelial cells, the progenitors to the CNS neurons and glia, undergo both symmetric and asymmetric divisions. Symmetric divisions underlie the proliferation of neuroepithelial cells that predominates early in CNS development. Asymmetric divisions are thought to generate the cell types derived from neuroepitheli...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-4388(97)80117-1
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prions cause transmissible and genetic neurodegenerative diseases. Infectious prion particles are composed largely, if not entirely, of an abnormal isoform of the prion protein (PrPSc), which is encoded by a chromosomal gene. Although the PrP gene is single copy, transgenic mice with both alleles of the PrP gene ablat...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0959-4388(92)90032-g
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual attention operates by biasing competitive interactions between neural representations, favoring relevant over irrelevant visual inputs. Attention can enhance the processing of relevant information using location-based, feature-based or object-based selection mechanisms. Studies using event-related potential and...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2005.03.008
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depression, conceptualized as major depressive disorder (MDD), is a complex psychiatric disorder with multiple behavioral changes and alterations in various brain regions. Biochemically, serotonin and others substances like GABA, glutamate, norepinephrin, adrenaline/noradrenaline play an essential role in the pathogen...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2012.08.004
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review covers the dynamic regulation of neuroligin isoforms, focusing on posttranslational events including phosphorylation, glycosylation and activity-dependent cleavage. There is a growing literature on how phosphorylation confers an isoform-specific level of modulation affecting a variety of protein interactio...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2017.05.017
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been suggested that many aspects of reward-guided behaviour can be understood within the framework of a computational account of decision making. The account emphasises representation of expectations about decision outcomes and the revision of future expectations in the light of the prediction error-the discrep...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2009.02.005
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the past years, major advances have been made in understanding the sequential events involved in neural plate patterning. Positional information is already conferred to cells of the neural plate at the time of its induction in the ectoderm. The interplay between the BMP- and the Fgf- signaling pathways leads to...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2006.01.005
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent work on the retinotectal projection clearly establishes the roles of neuronal activity and position-based cues in the patterning of nerve connections. In some species, the high degree of spatial order has been shown to emerge from a continued process of terminal growth and refinement. The future challenge is no...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0959-4388(92)90167-j
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:AMPA receptor (AMPAR) complexes comprise four of the AMPAR subunits GluA1-4 and several additional interacting proteins. Subunit composition determines AMPAR function. However, AMPAR function depends to a large extent also on interacting proteins, which influence trafficking to the cell surface, activity-dependent sub...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2017.03.001
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rhythmic mandible-generated close-open alternations of the mouth, responsible for the series of consonant-vowel alternations characteristic of babbling and of languages, is receiving increased attention as a possible manifestation of an ontogenetic and phylogenetic 'frame' underlying the serial organization of spe...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-4388(01)00271-9
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Slow axonal transport conveys cytosolic and cytoskeletal proteins into axons and synapses at overall velocities that are several orders of magnitude slower than the fast transport of membranous organelles such as vesicles and mitochondria. The phenomenon of slow transport was characterized by in vivo pulse-chase radio...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2020.03.015
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both mammals and birds can flexibly organize their behavior over time. In mammals, the mental operations generating this ability are called executive functions and are associated with the prefrontal cortex. The corresponding structure in birds is the nidopallium caudolaterale. Anatomical, neurochemical, electrophysiol...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2005.10.003
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:'Auditory scenes' often contain contributions from multiple acoustic sources. These are usually heard as separate auditory 'streams', which can be selectively followed over time. How and where these auditory streams are formed in the auditory system is one of the most fascinating questions facing auditory scientists t...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2010.03.009
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aging peripheral nervous system (PNS) is prone to a number of disorders, including the development of neuropathies and increased regenerative failure. Although the basic mechanisms of the aging PNS are still rather murky, recent work has revealed that 'old' Schwann cells acquire a number of dysfunctions in mammals...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2017.10.022
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Databases of consistent, directed- and weighted inter-areal connectivity for mouse, macaque and marmoset monkeys have recently become available and begun to be used to build structural and dynamical models. A structural hierarchy can be defined based by laminar patterns of cortical connections. A large-scale dynamical...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2020.11.002
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Presynaptic nerve terminals release neurotransmitter synchronously, asynchronously or spontaneously. During synchronous neurotransmission release is precisely coupled to action potentials, in contrast, asynchronous release events show only loose temporal coupling to presynaptic activity whereas spontaneous neurotransm...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2018.03.005
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
