Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Findings from the WHO sponsored multicenter studies done a few decades ago, which reported favorable outcome of schizophrenia in developing countries both in 2 and 5 year follow-up studies, dominated the world view until recently. Emerging evidence from Low and Middle Income countries (LAMIC) started to challenge this long held view, also called 'dogma' by some authors. We reported the short-term follow-up which showed unfavorable outcome. We followed-up the cohort further to determine the 5-year outcome of schizophrenia and to compare the results with the WHO reports. METHODS:Patients with schizophrenia (n=321) were identified systematically after screening 68378 adults, ages 15-49 years, in rural Ethiopia. The majority (74.9%) had chronic illness at entry and were treatment naïve (89.6%). RESULTS:During 5-year follow-up, 96% had received treatment at least once although only about 6% had received antipsychotic treatments continuously. Forty five percent of participants were continuously symptomatic with 30.3% having had continuous psychotic episode. About 20% had experienced continuous remission. Being single (OR=3.41, 95% CI=1.08-10.82, P=0.037), on antipsychotic treatment for at least 50% of follow up time (OR=2.28, 95% CI=1.12-4.62, P=0.023), and having a diagnosis of paranoid subtype of schizophrenia (OR=3.68, 95% CI=1.30-10.44, P=0.014) were associated with longer period of remission CONCLUSION:The findings from this 5-year outcome were consistent with our previous short term report which was unfavorable. Treatment has been a consistent predictor of a favorable outcome. Therefore, ensuring availability of treatment and adherence is an essential pragmatic step to improve outcome in this setting.
journal_name
Schizophr Resjournal_title
Schizophrenia researchauthors
Teferra S,Shibre T,Fekadu A,Medhin G,Wakwoya A,Alem A,Jacobsson Ldoi
10.1016/j.schres.2011.10.021subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-04-01 00:00:00pages
137-42issue
1-3eissn
0920-9964issn
1573-2509pii
S0920-9964(11)00556-1journal_volume
136pub_type
杂志文章,多中心研究abstract：PURPOSE:Strategic and mnemonic abilities of person with schizophrenia (SCZ) were studied using a part-list cuing (PLC) task. In this task, presentation of retrieval cues in the form of a subset of studied words typically impairs recall of the remaining items. This impairment is thought to reflect a disruption of partic...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2006.03.001
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The current study sought to expand on prior reports of the validity and reliability of the CAINS (CAINS) by examining its performance across diverse non-academic clinical settings as employed by raters not affiliated with the scale's developers and across a longer test-retest follow-up period. The properties of the CA...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2017.01.011
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last 25 years, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) has been largely used to assess schizophrenia symptom intensity, but little information is available on how this scale was generally applied when evaluating the efficacy of schizophrenia therapies in randomized clinical trials. In the attempt to ad...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2015.04.006
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Negative symptoms in schizophrenia are associated with deficits in executive function and frequently prove highly resistant to neuroleptic medication. Using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to activate the prefrontal cortex has been suggested as a treatment for negative symptoms. METHODS:...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2007.03.016
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This is a comprehensive study designed to examine the association between specific clusters of neurological abnormalities and several clinically relevant aspects of schizophrenia such as positive and negative symptoms, neurocognitive deficits and psychosocial performance. METHODS:Thirty-seven clinically stab...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0920-9964(96)00095-3
更新日期：1997-02-07 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been proposed that certain psychotic symptoms associated with schizophrenia reflect a deficit in the ability to appreciate other people's mental states (Frith, 1992). This notion is tested using a newly devised task examining the capacity to infer intentions behind indirect speech. The findings support the noti...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0920-9964(95)00024-g
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Treatment resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is defined by poor or non-response to conventional antipsychotic agents. Functional capacity is defined as the baseline potential of a patient to function in the community, irrespective of actual achievements gained, and has never been studied in TRS. Here, we screened 182 patie...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2018.06.030
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Grey matter brain networks are disrupted in schizophrenia, but it is still unclear at which point during the development of the illness these disruptions arise and whether these can be associated with behavioural predictors of schizophrenia. We investigated if single-subject grey matter networks were disrupted in a sa...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2015.08.025
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent trials support the hypothesis of the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. The overall therapeutic benefit of anti-inflammatory medication, in particular cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors in schizophrenia, is still controversial. There are suggestions that therapy with COX-2 inhibitors m...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2010.04.015
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have proposed that difficulty with accessing the lexical-semantic memory store may underpin some of the specific linguistic problems associated with formal thought disorder (FTD). We examined the consistency of name retrieval as an indicator of the ability to access lexical-semantic knowledge in patient...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2006.07.005
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a 12-week randomized open-label trial, adults diagnosed with schizophrenia experiencing inadequate efficacy and/or poor tolerability on risperidone, olanzapine, or aripiprazole were randomized to switch to iloperidone either gradually (ie, down-titration of current therapy over the first 2weeks [to 50% on Day 1, 25...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2013.11.042
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Negative symptoms are a core feature of schizophrenia. The evolution and trajectory of primary negative symptoms were under-studied. We aimed at evaluating the prevalence and stability of primary negative symptoms, and factors associated with persistent primary negative symptoms in a first-episode sample. M...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2011.09.006
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain morphometry has been studied extensively in schizophrenic patients, and among the cortical differences identified two consistent findings are decreased cerebellar vermal volume and increased volume of the fourth ventricle; although contradictory findings are reported as well. Recent cognitive activation studies ...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-9964(98)00137-6
更新日期：1999-05-04 00:00:00
abstract：:The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia was formulated 30 years ago and postulates that the symptoms of schizophrenia are related to an increased central dopaminergic neurotransmission. The two fundamental assumptions that underlay the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia have received support from brain imaging stud...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-9964(97)00121-7
更新日期：1997-12-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The current study examined the factor structure of the Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS), a next-generation negative symptom rating instrument developed in response to the NIMH-sponsored Consensus Development Conference on Negative Symptoms. Participants included 146 individuals with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophre...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2012.09.007
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In schizophrenia, four typical patterns of premorbid functioning have been observed: stable-good, stable-intermediate, poor-deteriorating and deteriorating. However, it is unknown whether similar patterns exist in those who are at clinical high risk (CHR) of psychosis. The aim of this study was to examine patterns of ...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2015.11.004
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vulnerability-stress models suggest that training in specific stress management techniques should yield benefits to those suffering from schizophrenia and related disorders. In this paper, we describe an evaluation of the impact of adding a stress management program to other medical and psychosocial interventions for ...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0920-9964(01)00371-1
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper describes an elementary deficit in sensory processing in people with schizophrenia. If paired sounds are presented to normal subjects, the response to the first sound, as measured by the P50 wave of the auditory-evoked potential, is much greater than the response to the second sound. The diminished response...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0920-9964(91)90035-p
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stigma may undermine the well-being of young people at risk of psychosis. We therefore measured self-labeling, stigma variables and well-being at baseline and again one year later among 77 at-risk participants. An increase in self-labeling during this period predicted heightened stigma stress after one year and a decr...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2014.07.016
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vulnerability for schizophrenia is related, in part, to genetic predisposition. The identification of pathophysiological abnormalities associated with the disorder that are also present in unaffected family members of individuals with schizophrenia may assist in delineating the genetic contributions to vulnerability f...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2007.04.026
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A growing body of evidence suggests that abnormal elements of the cytoskeleton may be associated with the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Isoforms of a major cytoskeleton protein, β-tubulin, were recently demonstrated to have distinct roles in neuronal differentiation and cell viability. For these reasons, we tested...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2011.12.010
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In many natural audiovisual events (e.g., the sight of a face articulating the syllable /ba/), the visual signal precedes the sound and thus allows observers to predict the onset and the content of the sound. In healthy adults, the N1 component of the event-related brain potential (ERP), reflecting neural ac...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2013.04.038
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Evidence indicating that symptoms of non-clinical psychosis (NCP) occur in 6-8% of the general population suggests that psychosis may occur across a continuum. Although a number of studies have examined environmental contributors, to date there have been few investigations of biological/genetic factors in th...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2012.06.018
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Executive dysfunction is a common feature of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (BP). While deficits in social cognitive abilities, including theory of mind (ToM), have been suggested to be specific to schizophrenia, available evidence suggests that there is also a significant overlap in social cognitive perf...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2016.06.007
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizophrenia constitutes a complex disease. Negative and cognitive symptoms are enduring and debilitating components of the disorder, highly associated to disability and burden. Disrupted neurotransmission circuits in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) have been related to these symptoms. To identify candidates a...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2016.04.050
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We aimed to examine the association between illicit substance use and age at onset in psychotic disorders in an Australian cohort. METHODS:Retrospectively acquired information on substance use during the year prior to illness onset was collected from 1642 participants enrolled in the Australian National 201...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2014.04.003
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unemployment rates for schizophrenia are high across all age groups compared to the general population. Past studies have focused on neurocognition as a key determinant of unemployment and poor work outcome in schizophrenia. However, several recent studies suggest that clinical symptoms may be equally or more importan...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2017.06.001
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nondeclarative memory (NDM) has subtypes associated with different brain regions; learning of a probabilistic classification task is impaired by striatal damage and learning of a gambling task is impaired by ventromedial prefrontocortical damage. Typical and atypical antipsychotic medications differentially affect imm...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-9964(02)00315-8
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There is evidence that schizophrenia is a neuro-immune disorder. Genes linked to intragenic LINE-1 methylation show a strong association with immune-associated disorders including psychosis. The aim of this study was to examine LINE-1 methylation patterns in paranoid schizophrenia and methamphetamine-induced...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2019.02.015
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) do not have uniform pathological significance. They affect patients with different brain disorders, and vary along multiple phenomenological dimensions. Evidence indicates that some of the phenomenological variables have specific neural substrates. Therefore, a comprehens...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-9964(03)00013-6
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
