Abstract:
:The emergence of lineage 2 strains of WNV in Europe as a cause of clinical disease and mortality in horses raised the question whether the existing WNV vaccines, all based on lineage 1 strains, protect against circulating lineage 2 strains of WNV. In the present paper we have determined the level of cross protection provided by the recombinant ALVAC(®)-WNV vaccine in a severe challenge model that produces clinical signs of WNV type 2 disease. Ten horses were vaccinated twice at 4 weeks interval with one dose of the ALVAC-WNV vaccine formulated at the minimum protective dose. A further 10 horses served as controls. Two weeks after the second vaccination, all horses were challenged intrathecally with a recent neurovirulent lineage 2 strain of WNV. The challenge produced viraemia in 10 out of 10 and encephalitis in 9 out of 10 control horses. Three horses had to be euthanized for humane reasons. In contrast, none of the vaccinated horses developed WNV disease and only 1 vaccinated horse became viraemic at a single time point at low titre. The prevalence of WNV disease and viraemia were significantly lower in the vaccinated horses than in the control horses (P<0.0001 for both). Based on these results, the ALVAC-WNV vaccine will provide veterinarians with an effective tool to control infections caused by lineage 1 and 2 strains of WNV.
journal_name
Vaccinejournal_title
Vaccineauthors
Minke JM,Siger L,Cupillard L,Powers B,Bakonyi T,Boyum S,Nowotny N,Bowen Rdoi
10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.04.058subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-06-20 00:00:00pages
4608-12issue
28eissn
0264-410Xissn
1873-2518pii
S0264-410X(11)00603-7journal_volume
29pub_type
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