Fractalkine is a novel human adipochemokine associated with type 2 diabetes.

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Emerging data demonstrate that maternal diabetes has long-term health consequences for offspring, including the development of hypertension. In adults, circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) participate in vascular repair, and EPC numbers and function inversely correlate with the risk of developing v...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Ingram DA,Lien IZ,Mead LE,Estes M,Prater DN,Derr-Yellin E,DiMeglio LA,Haneline LS

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The NOD/Lt mouse, a widely used model of human autoimmune IDDM, was used to establish the mode of beta-cell death responsible for the development of IDDM. Apoptotic cells were present within the islets of Langerhans in hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections of pancreases harvested from 3- to 18-week-old female NOD/Lt ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： O'Brien BA,Harmon BV,Cameron DP,Allan DJ

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) may participate in the destruction of pancreatic beta-cells leading to type 1 diabetes. Genetic factors pre-disposing individual susceptibility to type 1 diabetes might therefore include those affecting the efficacy of ROS metabolism. In a direct in vivo tes...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Kubisch HM,Wang J,Bray TM,Phillips JP

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Secondary hyperlipidemia is a major cardiovascular risk factor in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Increased hepatic production of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins contributes to the elevated plasma levels, but the mechanism is poorly understood. Recent results have established that microsomal triglyce...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Bartels ED,Lauritsen M,Nielsen LB

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation is a critical event that accentuates atherosclerosis by promoting an inflammatory environment within the vessel wall. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms responsible for monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and, subsequently, the effect of metformin in regre...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Vasamsetti SB,Karnewar S,Kanugula AK,Thatipalli AR,Kumar JM,Kotamraju S

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The incretin effect denominates the phenomenon that oral glucose elicits a higher insulin response than does intravenous glucose. The two hormones responsible for the incretin effect, glucose-dependent insulinotropic hormone (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), are secreted after oral glucose loads and augment i...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Nauck MA,Baller B,Meier JJ

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasma glucagon response to glucose in diabetic subjects was observed before and after treatment. In normal subjects, plasma glucagon concentrations decreased substantially after an oral glucose load. In all diabetic patients before treatment, plasma glucagon was not suppressed and rather tended to rise paradoxically ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Seino Y,Ikeda M,Kurahachi H,Taminato T,Sakurai H,Goto Y,Inoue Y,Kadowaki S,Mori K,Imura H

更新日期：1978-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:We hypothesized that intranasal insulin (I-I) delivery targets the nervous system while avoiding potential adverse systemic effects when compared with subcutaneous insulin (S-I) for experimental streptozotocin-induced diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:I-I or S-I at 0.87 IU dai...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Francis G,Martinez J,Liu W,Nguyen T,Ayer A,Fine J,Zochodne D,Hanson LR,Frey WH 2nd,Toth C

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nerve regeneration in diabetic animals is delayed and qualitatively impaired, but the mechanisms responsible for these defects have not been elucidated. The extracellular matrix protein laminin promotes the extension of neuronal processes, and recent studies have localized neurite-promoting activity to a lysine-contai...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Federoff HJ,Lawrence D,Brownlee M

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of interferons, either pathogenic or protective, during autoimmune diabetes remains controversial. Herein, we examine the progression of diabetes in NOD mice lacking the type I (IFNAR) or type II (IFNGR) interferon receptor and, for the first time, in mice deficient in both receptors (double knockout [DKO]). ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Carrero JA,Benshoff ND,Nalley K,Unanue ER

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most studies dealing with the pathogenesis of IDDM have emphasized the immune assault against beta-cells. In this perspective, we review the data that suggest that the beta-cell destruction of IDDM depends on a balance between beta-cell damage and repair. The progressive beta-cell damage leading to IDDM seems to follo...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Eizirik DL,Sandler S,Palmer JP

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity is characterized by adipose tissue (AT) macrophage (ATM) accumulation, which promotes AT inflammation and dysfunction. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) deficiency attenuates AT inflammation in obesity but does not impede the accumulation of ATMs. The purpose of the current study was to determine whether TLR4 defici...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Orr JS,Puglisi MJ,Ellacott KL,Lumeng CN,Wasserman DH,Hasty AH

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mice respond to fatty acid synthase (FAS) inhibitors by profoundly reducing their food intake and body weight. Evidence indicates that the central nervous system (CNS) may be the critical site of action; however, a peripheral contribution cannot be ruled out. We compared doses of the FAS inhibitor C75 in the CNS (thir...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Clegg DJ,Wortman MD,Benoit SC,McOsker CC,Seeley RJ

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent evidence supports the strong overlap between genes implicated in monogenic diabetes and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) is a rare disorder associated with overexpression of genes at a paternally expressed imprinted locus on chromosome 6q24. There are two overlappin...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Gloyn AL,Mackay DJ,Weedon MN,McCarthy MI,Walker M,Hitman G,Knight BA,Owen KR,Hattersley AT,Frayling TM

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The TaqIB cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene polymorphism (B1B2) is a determinant of HDL cholesterol in nondiabetic populations. Remarkably, this gene effect appears to be modified by environmental factors. We evaluated the effect of this polymorphism on HDL cholesterol levels and on the lipoprotein respon...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Dullaart RP,Hoogenberg K,Riemens SC,Groener JE,van Tol A,Sluiter WJ,Stulp BK

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Growing evidence suggests that epigenetic profile changes occurring during fetal development in response to in utero environment variations could be one of the mechanisms involved in the early determinants of adult chronic diseases. In this study, we tested whether maternal glycemic status is associated with the adipo...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Bouchard L,Hivert MF,Guay SP,St-Pierre J,Perron P,Brisson D

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thymocytes from adult BB rats can adoptively transfer autoimmune diabetes to athymic recipients. It is also known that the development of BB rat T-cells is recapitulated in adult thymus organ cultures (ATOCs). Based on these observations, we tested the hypothesis that cells capable of the adoptive transfer of diabetes...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Whalen BJ,Marounek J,Weiser P,Appel MC,Greiner DL,Mordes JP,Rossini AA

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:We tested the hypothesis that adrenergic activation, cholinergic activation, or both, mediate the effect of recent antecedent hypoglycemia to reduce the sympathoadrenal response to subsequent hypoglycemia, the key feature of hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure in diabetes, in humans. RESEARCH DESIGN AN...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Ramanathan R,Cryer PE

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin receptors on viable rat adipocytes were affinity-labeled using a biologically active and photosensitive analogue of insulin, 125I-B2(2-nitro, 4 azidophenylacetyl)-des-PheB1-insulin (125I-NAPA-DP-insulin). The radiolabeled proteins were identified by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. B...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Heidenreich KA,Berhanu P,Brandenburg D,Olefsky JM

更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the metabolic characteristics that attend the development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in 441 impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) subjects who participated in the ACT NOW Study and had complete end-of-study metabolic measurements. Subjects were randomized to receive pioglitazone (PGZ; 45 mg/day) or placebo and w...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Defronzo RA,Tripathy D,Schwenke DC,Banerji M,Bray GA,Buchanan TA,Clement SC,Gastaldelli A,Henry RR,Kitabchi AE,Mudaliar S,Ratner RE,Stentz FB,Musi N,Reaven PD,ACT NOW Study.

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The preferential channeling of different fuels to fat and changes in the transcription profile of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle are poorly understood processes involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and insulin resistance. Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism may play relevant roles in this context. Freely moving l...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Fabris R,Nisoli E,Lombardi AM,Tonello C,Serra R,Granzotto M,Cusin I,Rohner-Jeanrenaud F,Federspil G,Carruba MO,Vettor R

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of diabetes control on the activities of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reductase), cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), and phenol 2-monooxygenase, the major enzymes regulating cholesterol metabolism, was determined in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits, and the results obtained were correlated ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： O'Meara NM,Devery RA,Owens D,Collins PB,Johnson AH,Tomkin GH

更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptozocin-induced diabetic (STZ-D) mice have reduced brain concentrations of tryptophan, a precursor substance for 5-hydroxytryptamine, and show lengthened immobility in Porsolt's swim test, a putative animal model of depression. This study investigated whether tryptophan affects behavior in Porsolt's swim test in ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Hilakivi-Clarke LA

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dissociated human insulinoma cells were plated onto plastic multiwell dishes. Cells were maintained for 1 mo on plastic with three passages. Cultures consisted of small colonies with some areas of stratification and few intercellular spaces. Ultrastructural studies indicated that cultured cells had epithelial features...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Thivolet CH,Demidem A,Haftek M,Durand A,Bertrand J

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytoplasmic islet cell antibody-negative (ICA-; less than 20 Juvenile Diabetes Foundation units, n = 1670) and ICA+ (n = 42) first-degree relatives of type I (insulin-dependent) diabetic individuals were studied for competitive insulin autoantibodies (CIAAs) with a radioassay. Overall, 3.7% of first-degree relatives (...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Ziegler AG,Ziegler R,Vardi P,Jackson RA,Soeldner JS,Eisenbarth GS

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied the effects of short-term (5 days) and long-term (2 wk) high carbohydrate (75%) feedings on insulin binding to isolated adipocytes and insulin sensitivity in vivo in normal subjects. Ingestion of the high carbohydrate diet led to daylong hyperinsulinemia in both short- and long-term groups. Insulin binding ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Kolterman OG,Greenfield M,Reaven GM,Saekow M,Olefsky JM

更新日期：1979-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The gene for insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) represents a strong positional and biological candidate for type 2 diabetes susceptibility. IDE maps to chromosome 10q23.3, a region linked to diabetes in several populations; the rat homolog has been directly implicated in diabetes susceptibility; and known functions of IDE...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Groves CJ,Wiltshire S,Smedley D,Owen KR,Frayling TM,Walker M,Hitman GA,Levy JC,O'Rahilly S,Menzel S,Hattersley AT,McCarthy MI

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyperglycemia alters cardiac function and often leads to diabetic cardiomyopathy as cardiomyocyte apoptosis causes a hypertrophied heart to deteriorate to dilation and failure. Paradoxically, many short-term animal models of hyperglycemia protect against ischemia-induced damage, including apoptosis, by limiting Ca(2+)...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Pang Y,Hunton DL,Bounelis P,Marchase RB

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin secretion from the pancreas is pulsatile. The precise site and function of the pacemaker that regulates insulin periodicity in humans have not been determined. We isolated human pancreatic islets from five cadaver organ donors by collagenase digestion and density gradient purification. After 24 h of culture in...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Marchetti P,Scharp DW,Mclear M,Gingerich R,Finke E,Olack B,Swanson C,Giannarelli R,Navalesi R,Lacy PE

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two weeks after intraportal transplantation of 2,000 neonatal pancreatic islets, recipient rats completely recovered from streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The reversal of diabetes could be documented by the normalization of blood glucose levels, by a restored weight gain, by normal glucagon and insulin levels in blood...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Gardemann A,Jungermann K,Grosse V,Cossel L,Wohlrab F,Hahn HJ,Blech W,Hildebrandt W

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00