An overview of first-trimester screening for chromosomal abnormalities.

abstract：:Cannabis, or marijuana, has been known and used as a drug for many thousands of years. Recent interest in drug abuse and detection has spurred the development of several methodologies for cannabinoid detection. These methods include immunoassays and chromatography. Laboratories routinely performing cannabinoid testing...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： King DL,Martel PA,O'Donnell CM

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a rapid, reliable, and high-throughput diagnostic tool for the identification of microorganisms. The technology is unique in clinical microbiology, allowing laboratories to definitively identify bacterial and fungal isolates...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Dingle TC,Butler-Wu SM

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Variation in the genome of hepatitis B virus has been associated with a number of clinical parameters, but there is a paucity of functional data to show a causal relationship. For example, variants of the core and X genes have been linked with the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis, viral replication efficiency, and se...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Carman WF

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In discussing quality assurance in the blood bank, where many of the standard statistical techniques of measuring accuracy simply do not apply, three questions come to mind: How much? How often? Who says? Because of severe changes in the prospective payment plan and a new interest in cost effectiveness, many transfusi...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： White KK,Silberstein LE

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The blood film is one of the world's most widely and frequently used tests and has undergone remarkably few changes since its introduction in the late 1800s. This article gives direction and some standardization in the preparation of blood films used for morphologic evaluation in the clinical laboratory. Methodologies...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Houwen B

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Laboratory informatics is the application of computers and information systems to information management in the pathology laboratory. Effective information management is crucial to the success of pathologists and laboratorians. Informatics has become one of the key pillars of pathology, and the requirement for skilled...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Pantanowitz L,Henricks WH,Beckwith BA

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Yellow fever (YF) is a viral disease, endemic to tropical regions of Africa and the Americas, which principally affects humans and nonhuman primates and is transmitted via the bite of infected mosquitoes. Yellow fever virus (YFV) can cause devastating epidemics of potentially fatal, hemorrhagic disease. Despite mass v...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Gardner CL,Ryman KD

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antiretroviral failure caused by the development of drug resistance in HIV-1 is an increasingly common clinical problem. Two types of resistance assays are available to clinicians. Genotypic assays determine the presence of mutations associated with drug resistance. The interpretation of mutations is often complicated...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Hanna GJ

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article focuses on current clinical laboratory testing to diagnose Alzheimer disease and monitor its progression throughout its disease course. Several clinically available tests focus on analysis of amyloid and tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid as well as autosomal dominant and risk factor genes. Although the cu...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Winder Z,Wilcock D,Jicha GA

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bioregulators are naturally occurring organic compounds that regulate a multitude of biologic processes. Under natural circumstances, bioregulators are synthesized in minute quantities in a variety of living organisms and are essential for physiologic homeostasis. In the wrong hands, these compounds have the capabilit...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Kagan E

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With emerging antimicrobial resistance, rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is needed to provide early definitive therapeutic guidance to optimize patient outcome. Genotypic methods are fast, but can identify only a subset of known resistance elements. Phenotypic methods determine clinically predictive mi...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Smith KP,Kirby JE

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At the start of the twenty-first century, a dramatic change occurred in the clinical laboratory community. Concepts from Metrology, the science of measurement, began to be formally applied to clinical laboratory field methods, resulting in a new appreciation of metrological calibrator traceability. It is a change beca...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Armbruster D

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Susceptibility testing of microorganisms isolated from blood cultures should follow the guidelines of the NCCLS in the selection of antimicrobial agents and the method for testing. Standardized testing can be performed on isolated colonies from pure subcultures of the blood/broth mixture. Direct susceptibility testing...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Mirrett S

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the US Food and Drug Administration's recent label change of warfarin to include genetic testing for warfarin sensitivity, manufacturers are developing assays, and laboratories are offering testing. This article describes the genetic variants for which testing is available. Current technologies and assays are com...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Lyon E,McMillin G,Melis R

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of food-borne helminthic infections is not well recognized and has not received the same attention as food-borne bacterial infections. Poverty, overpopulation, and cultural practices contribute to conditions that maintain food-borne helminthic infections. The development of better means of transportatio...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Bruckner DA

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article provides surgical pathologists an overview of health information systems (HISs): what they are, what they do, and how such systems relate to the practice of surgical pathology. Much of this article is dedicated to the electronic medical record. Information, in how it is captured, transmitted, and conveyed...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Sirintrapun SJ,Artz DR

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To date, CRP remains the single standard biochemical marker for predicting the severity of AP. Because the combination of clinico-physiological scores and CRP provides good information at 48 hours, research has focused on the predictive ability of various markers when applied in the initial 24 hours after admission to...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Papachristou GI,Whitcomb DC

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nephroblastoma, or Wilms tumor, is a malignant embryonal neoplasm that is derived from nephrogenic blastemal cells, with variable recapitulation of renal embryogenesis. The pathogenesis of nephroblastoma is complex and has been linked to alterations of several genomic loci, including WT1, WT2, FWT1, and FWT2. Generall...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Khoury JD

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Control of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection is the foremost public health challenge at the turn of the millennium. Two decades, 22 million fatalities, and 40 million living victims after its discovery, HIV-1 continues its inexorable spread. Over the past few years, scientists have made tremendous ...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Elizaga ML,McElrath MJ

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of enzyme histochemical and immunohistochemical markers has improved our understanding of the biology of lymphoproliferative disorders. These same techniques can now provide practical information when applied to the diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorders. ...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Beckstead JH

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pet guinea pigs are presented to veterinary clinics for routine care and treatment of clinical diseases. In addition to obtaining clinical history and exam findings, diagnostic testing may be required, including hematological assessments. This article describes common blood collection methods, including venipuncture s...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Zimmerman K,Moore DM,Smith SA

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A formal therapeutic drug monitoring consultation service (TDMCS) will enhance the clinical benefits of drug level determinations. It can result in decreased length of stay and improved risk management posture. The successful implementation of a TDMCS requires the coordinated efforts of a multidisciplinary team that m...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Wilkinson DS

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:FNA cytology has been shown to be highly accurate in diagnosing malignant tumors. In gynecology, an overall accuracy of 94.5% in the differentiation between benign and malignant tumors has been reported. Despite many controversial views regarding its safety, aspiration cytology has been accepted as an innocuous proced...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Ganjei P

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flow cytometry immunophenotyping of the hematopoietic cells from the bone marrow can help with diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of chronic myeloid neoplasms. Unlike with B-cell neoplasms, there is no simple phenotypic test to substitute for clonality. Therefore, antigen panels to evaluate myeloid neoplasms are larger...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Shi M,Nguyen P,Jevremovic D

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Automated image processing analysis for leukocyte differential counting started 30 years ago principally as a mimic of the traditional microscopic method. Several types of systems were used in the 1970s and 1980s. In the late 1990s, two new image processing systems were developed with new technology for cell image ana...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Tatsumi N,Pierre RV

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At the present time, the use of molecular techniques for diagnosing the neurologic porphyrias is limited mainly to those laboratories doing research in the area. Because any of four genes may be involved, it is important to confirm the diagnosis in the index case before undertaking molecular investigation. With advanc...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Schreiber WE

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To overcome the significant mortality associated with ovarian cancer, a highly sensitive and specific screening test is urgently needed. CA-125 testing is used to monitor response to chemotherapy, detect recurrence, and detect late stage ovarian cancer. However, CA-125 testing, alone or in combination with ultrasonogr...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Kim K,Visintin I,Alvero AB,Mor G

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Image processing applications in forensic pathology are becoming increasingly important. This article introduces basic concepts in image processing as applied to problems in forensic pathology in a non-mathematical context. Discussions of contrast enhancement, digital encoding, compression, deblurring, and other topic...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Oliver WR

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:B-cell lymphomas represent approximately 20% to 25% of primary cutaneous lymphomas. Within this group, most cases (>99%) are encompassed by 3 diagnostic entities: primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma, primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma, and primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type. In this...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Hope CB,Pincus LB

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical decision support (CDS) can greatly enhance patient blood management through optimizing ordering and providing patient-specific information. At present, modeling and prediction have small roles in inventory management; they will likely have increasing applications to help guide donor center collections based o...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Shah NK

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00