Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Previous research suggests that latent inhibition is reduced in patients with acute schizophrenia and in healthy participants with high levels of schizotypic characteristics. Other evidence indicates the disruption of a related effect (learned irrelevance) in patients with acute schizophrenia. METHOD:This study used a recently developed latent inhibition procedure, that avoids methodological limitations of previous studies, and a related learned irrelevance procedure to assess the relationship between these phenomena and schizotypic characteristics in undergraduate participants. RESULTS:Participants preexposed to a letter (S) learnt the predictive relationship between that letter and another letter (X) slower than the relationship between a novel letter and X (a latent inhibition effect). Experiment 1 found reduced latent inhibition in the high schizotypy group after 10, but not 20 preexposures. In Experiment 2, participants preexposed to both S and X learnt a subsequent relationship between them slower than the relationship between a novel letter and X (a learned irrelevance effect). This effect was abolished in participants with high levels of schizotypy. CONCLUSIONS:These results are both the first demonstration of abolished learned irrelevance and of a significant reduction in latent inhibition without employing an explicit masking task in participants with high levels of positive schizotypy.
journal_name
Cogn Neuropsychiatryjournal_title
Cognitive neuropsychiatryauthors
Schmidt-Hansen M,Killcross AS,Honey RCdoi
10.1080/13546800802664539subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-01-01 00:00:00pages
11-29issue
1eissn
1354-6805issn
1464-0619pii
908692888journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION:Although there is evidence for language abnormality in schizophrenia, few studies have examined sign language in deaf patients with the disorder. This is of potential interest because a hallmark of sign languages is their use of classifiers (semantic or entity classifiers), a reference-tracking device with...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546805.2018.1476227
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In this paper, we argue for a novel account of one cognitive factor implicated in delusional cognition. According to the erotetic theory of delusion we present, the central cognitive factor in delusion is impaired endogenous question raising. METHOD:After presenting the erotetic theory, we draw on it to m...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546805.2015.1067601
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The aim of the present study was to compare spatial working memory performance of females and males schizophrenia patients to verify whether the sexual dimorphism of spatial abilities present in the general population is found also in schizophrenia. METHODS:We analysed different types of errors committed ...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546800903399183
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Cognitive impairment is related to an increase in cardiovascular risk (CVR) in the general population. However, in severe mental disorder (SMD), the evidence is less consistent. Few studies have evaluated the relationship between cognition and vascular burden in SMD. This study determines the relationshi...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546805.2019.1676709
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Studies comparing IQ in Offspring of Bipolar Parents (OBP) with Offspring of Healthy Controls (OHC) have reported conflicting findings. They have included OBP with mental health/neurodevelopmental disorders and/or pharmacological treatment which could affect results. This UK study aimed to assess IQ in OBP...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546805.2016.1259103
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Patients with schizophrenia show impairments in working-memory and visual-spatial processing, but little is known about the dynamic interplay between the two. To provide insight into this important question, we examined the effect of positive and negative symptom expressions in healthy adults on perceptual...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546805.2016.1206873
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bipolar disorder is characterised by affective instability and mood dysregulation. Understanding of the neural mechanism underlying this remains limited, however. Here, findings will be described from studies that have employed neuroimaging techniques to measure neural responses to emotionally salient stimuli in indiv...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13546800444000290
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Capgras syndrome is characterised by the belief that a significant other has been replaced by an identical-looking impostor. These patients have no difficulties with visual recognition but fail to show a skin conductance response (SCR) to the objects of the delusion. A case of Capgras delusion (YY), specif...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546800600892183
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Studies have documented both executive functions (EF) impairment in children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD) and Theory of Mind (ToM), yielding mixed results, possibly because of a variety of tasks used, all requiring different levels of language skills.Aim: To investigate the rel...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546805.2019.1681951
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Environmental dependency phenomena refer to the enslavement of patients' performances under the characteristics of the tasks and were first described in case of prefrontal lobe damage. Two forms of environmental dependency, executive and social, may be dissociated, which involve respectively dorsolateral a...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546805.2018.1426447
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Psychomotor slowing is an important feature of schizophrenia and the relation with negative symptoms is not fully understood. This study aims, first, to investigate the association between negative symptoms and psychomotor slowing. Second, we want to investigate whether fine motor slowing reflects clinical...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546805.2013.779578
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to ask whether autism is associated with difficulty in self-monitoring we gave a group of children and adolescents with autism a task in which they themselves had to remember whether they or another person had performed certain actions. In our first experiment, three groups of participants had to recall wheth...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/135468099395855
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are a core symptom of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia but are also reported in 10-15% of the general population. Impairments in self-voice recognition are frequently reported in schizophrenia and associated with the severity of AVH, particularly when the sel...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546805.2019.1621159
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cognitive neuropsychiatry has had much success in providing theoretical models for the causal origins of many delusional beliefs. Recently, it has been suggested that some anorexia nervosa patients' beliefs about their own body size should be considered delusions. As such, it seems high time the methods of...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546805.2017.1401531
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:There is substantial evidence that patients with schizophrenia present with impaired Theory of Mind (ToM). Whereas previous studies have focused on general ToM abilities, the present study is aimed at testing the underlying behavioural and neurocognitive mechanisms of the impaired integration of affective ...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546800802490034
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The failure of integrative brain function is a fundamental characteristic of schizophrenia. Synchronous Gamma (40 Hz) activity, proposed as a candidate mechanism underlying the integration ("binding") of distributed brain activities, may provide a direct window into schizophrenic disintegration. METHODS:4...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/713752240
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous genes modulate dopamine and consequently prefrontal cortical function. Some of these genes - notably catechol-O-methyltransferase - have been shown to impact a variety of core cognitive processes that are dependent upon the prefrontal cortex. This demonstration that a single functional polymorphism can contri...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type:
doi:10.1080/13546800903126016
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:We have previously reported that people with schizophrenia and formal thought disorder (FTD) were disproportionately impaired in recalling sentences verbatim and in judging their plausibility. We proposed that these deficits were due to impairment in integrating higher-order semantic information to constru...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546805.2013.870069
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cognitive impairment is a pervasive feature of schizophrenia, and is a major determinant of the functional disability that is characteristic of the disorder. However, research investigating whether patients with schizophrenia show a deficit awareness remains unclear. The present study aimed to replicate an...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546805.2014.909311
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Whatever its underlying causes, even the description of the phenomenon of thought insertion, of the content of the delusion, presents difficulty. It may seem that the best hope of a description comes from a broadly cognitivist approach to the mind which construes content-laden mental states as internal men...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546800244000102
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::INTRODUCTION. Ample evidence already shows that theory of mind (ToM) is impaired in people with schizophrenia. Our aim was to critically review this literature. METHOD. We completed a selected review of the research literature on ToM in schizophrenia. RESULTS. Gaps in ToM research were identified. A specific relations...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13546805.2011.561576
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In a previous study (Silverstein, Bakshi, Chapman, & Nowlis, 1998a, Cognitive Neuropsychiatry) we demonstrated that while schizophrenia patients showed similar learning curves as nonpatient controls when determining whether a configural pattern of elements has been seen before or not, they did not demonstr...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546800444000029
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Although important to cognitive neuropsychiatry and theories of delusions, Capgras delusion has largely been reported in single case studies. Bell et al. [2017. Uncovering Capgras delusion using a large scale medical records database. British Journal of Psychiatry Open, 3(4), 179-185] previously deployed c...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546805.2019.1584098
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Although social cognition skills and biases are well-studied in paranoia, "mind perception" - perceiving the extent to which someone even possesses a thinking, feeling mind - is not. We sought to better characterise the profile of mind perception for individuals with paranoia. METHODS:We examined links be...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546805.2017.1287692
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Social cognition refers to how people conceive, perceive, and draw inferences about mental and emotional states of others in the social world. Previous studies suggest that the concept of social cognition involves several abilities, including those related to affect and cognition. The present study analyse...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546805.2010.492693
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Category fluency is associated with speed-, executive- and semantic impairments in schizphrenia. It has traditionally been linked to negative symptoms, whereas the relation to positive symptoms is mixed. Associations to the consensus negative, positive and disorganisation factors have not been analysed bef...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1080/13546805.2017.1418306
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:It is assumed that people spontaneously evaluate any incoming stimulus as pleasant or unpleasant. The evaluative response appears to structure perception and to have direct links to emotional states. METHODS:To investigate the automatic processing of face valence a sequential priming task based on emotion...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546800344000318
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:We report a novel delusion, primarily persecutory in form, in which the patient believes that he is being filmed, and that the films are being broadcast for the entertainment of others. METHODS:We describe a series of patients who presented with a delusional system according to which they were the subject...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546805.2012.666113
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:A sample of everyday difficulties was collected, encompassing errors and unusual experiences participants had encountered when recognising their own faces in everyday life, with the aim of characterising similarities and differences between the reported difficulties and the major forms of self-recognition ...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13546800344000075
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a case of transient functional retrograde amnesia that had features of a fugue state, and that was accompanied by loss of personal identity and significant autobiographical amnesia. Uniquely, we were able to gather information from witnesses who observed the episode from its onset, and we were also able to...
journal_title:Cognitive neuropsychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/135468096396541
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00