Abstract：
:Adrenocortical causes of hypertension are established by examining the mineralocorticoid hormones produced in the zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata. In the zona glomerulosa, aldosterone excess leads to hypertension, hypokalemia, and suppressed plasma renin activity, with increased concentrations of urinary aldosterone (either as the 18-glucuronide or free aldosterone) as an index of its production. Identifying a tumor by computed tomography scan verifies the diagnosis of a correctable lesion. If no tumor is found, several maneuvers are used to identify primary adrenal hyperplasia, a disorder with autonomous aldosterone production, for which reduction of adrenal mass is curative. The zona fasciculata has two major pathways: the 17-deoxy pathway, where deoxycorticosterone (DOC) and corticosterone are the significant steroids, and the 17-hydroxy pathway, which leads to cortisol production. Tumors of the 17-deoxy pathway, DOC-producing adenomas, have increased concentrations of DOC and its precursor steroids, normal concentrations of cortisol, and suppression of aldosterone production secondary to suppression of the renin system. Two enzymatic defects in the zona fasciculata, 11 beta- and 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency, can be first readily identified by the virilization in the former, hypogonadal features in the latter. Steroid patterns are diagnostic. DOC is produced in excess in both deficiencies and is the cause of the hypertension. Deficient or impaired 11 beta-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase in the apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome or after licorice ingestion retards the conversion of cortisol to inactive cortisone in the kidney, leading to mineralocorticoid hypertension; this leads to suppression of the renin system and subsequently of aldosterone.
journal_name
Clin Chemjournal_title
Clinical chemistryauthors
Biglieri EG,Kater CEsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-10-01 00:00:00pages
1843-8issue
10 Pt 2eissn
0009-9147issn
1530-8561journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:We describe a new double-antibody enzyme radioimmunoassay for thyroxin-binding globulin (TBG) in serum. A TBG-beta-D-galactosidase complex was prepared with m-maleimidobenzoyl N-hydroxysuccinimide ester. The mean analytical recovery of TBG added to serum was 99%, sample volume and TBG value were linearly related, and ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Currently, we can make the following generalizations about the major long-term complications of diabetes. First, they occur commonly after 10 to 15 years of diabetes. Second, the complications of renal and retinal disease, but not of atherogenic and neurological disease, appear to be related to the severity of hypergl...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a rapid polarization fluoroimmunoassay for screening for the presence of barbiturates in urine. The single reagent is prepared by pre-mixing antiserum with a fluorescein-labeled barbiturate derivative as tracer. Use of a mixture of two sheep antisera, raised against different barbiturate immunogens, result...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential errors of the one-point calibration technique are described mathematically. I examine the theoretical causes and effects of analytical errors in absorbance and of errors in determining calibration concentration, and discuss techniques for minimizing their impact. The dependence of these errors on the cal...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At the clinical level, we have seen the emergence of a subspecialty of affective disorders within psychiatry. Mood clinics, depression units, and affective disorders centers are appearing in many academic and clinical settings, where clinical skill and knowledge can be concentrated and new research furthered. By using...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Institutions face increasing charges related to molecular genetic testing for neurological diseases. The literature contains little information on the utilization and performance of these tests. METHODS:A retrospective utilization review was performed to determine the diagnostic yield of neurogenetic tests ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2006.083360
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a sensitive method for the determination of vanadium in biological substances by atomic absorption spectroscopy. By using background correction and pyrolytically coated graphite tubes with flameless apparatus, this vanadium assay has a sensitivity of 65 pg and a detection limit of 30 pg, approximately sixf...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe the process of certification for a gamma-glutamyltransferase reference material (CRM no. 319). Fifteen laboratories participated to this interlaboratory evaluation. All steps of the measurements were controlled in an effort to locate potential sources of variations. In particular, the exclusion of some dat...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Few data compare cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in a general population. We sought to evaluate the distribution and association between cTnT, cTnI, and cardiovascular risk factors in a large general population cohort. METHODS:High-sensitivity cTnT and cTnI were measured in serum fro...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2018.292086
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a liquid-chromatographic assay for AZT in human plasma and urine. This assay involves the use of two internal standards, allowing reference of AZT peaks to the appropriate internal standard, the choice depending on the range of concentrations encountered. This method is isocratic, specific, sensitive enoug...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To assess the distribution of serum concentrations of the atherogenic lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] in an obese population and the possible effects of weight reduction, we determined Lp(a) in 52 white, moderately obese subjects (16 men and 36 women). The subjects were participating in a weight-reduction program of diet, exer...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Based on the quantitative determination of creatinine, total protein, albumin, alpha 1-microglobulin, IgG, alpha 2-macroglobulin, and N-acetyl-beta, D-glucosaminidase in urine in combination with a test strip screening, the findings of hematuria, leukocyturia, and proteinuria can be assigned to prerenal, renal, or pos...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using a continuous-flow (Technicon SMAC) analyzer, we measured the concentration of 20 analytes in capillary blood sera from 149 neonates in an intensive-care unit. Included were term and pre-term babies, both groups with and without asphyxia. The values obtained, especially for those enzymes and analytes that are rel...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a micro-scale method for determining serum theophylline. The chromatography system includes a muBondapack C18 column and acetonitrile, 70 ml/liter of sodium acetate buffer (10 mmol/liter, ph 4.0) as the mobile phase. Test serum or plasma, 30 mul, is mixed with an equal quantity of a solution containing the...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A convenient screening procedure for presence of drugs of abuse in urine consists of two steps: adsorption of the drugs from urine onto a paper loaded with cation-exchange resin and detection of the adsorbed drugs by direct radioimmunoassay. The first step can be performed in the field, the second in a central laborat...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent evidence indicates that high-density lipoprotein triglyceride (HDL-Tg) may be a predictor of coronary artery disease. We examined three methods for HDL-Tg measurement, comparing results obtained by measurement of Tg in the supernate after heparin-manganese chloride (heparin-Mn) precipitation of EDTA-treated pla...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a procedure for measuring dialyzable calcium in 60 sera per hour with use of AutoAnalyzer (Technicon) modules. The serum is buffered, then dialyzed in a regular 6-inch (15-cm) dialysis block. A constant proportion of the dialyzable calcium is fluorometrically measured. Analysis of samples containing protei...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We review the present knowledge of telomeres and telomerase with special attention to their role in cell proliferation, cellular senescence, and human aging. We summarize the functional aspects of telomerase in cancer, as well as its role as a useful diagnostic and prognostic tumor marker, and discuss possible approac...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We analyzed the low-dose (1 microg) rapid adrenocorticotropic hormone test (LDST) in 17 patients with a normal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to determine reference intervals for the LDST on the basis of poststimulation cortisol increments. METHODS:We analyzed test results for 17 patients (14 females a...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2005.061267
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We modified the ISO-DALT two-dimensional gel electrophoresis system to allow the routine examination of serum specimens from patients with monoclonal gammopathies. This system, MC-Iso 1, is characterized by a broad pH gradient for resolving the basic immunoglobulin heavy and light chains. The increased resolution of b...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Sensitive and specific biomarkers for the early detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are urgently needed to reduce the high morbidity and mortality of the disease. The discovery of serum microRNAs (miRNAs) and their unique concentration profiles in patients with various diseases makes them ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2010.147553
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The analytical performance of laboratories participating in the dialysis fluids and water aluminum program of the Guildford External Quality Assessment Scheme over the period 1986-1993 has been reviewed. For aluminum concentrations > 3.33 mumol/L in dialysis fluids, the between-laboratory CV has fallen from approximat...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This procedure for routine quantification of albumin in urine is based on the dye-binding properties of albumin with bromphenol blue. The absorbance of 100 microL of urine mixed with 3 mL of color reagent is measured against blank reagent at 610 nm after 30 s. Results vary linearly with albumin concentration up to 6 g...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Even though significant progress has been made in the development of electrodes for the in vivo detection of catecholamines, oxygen, and various cations, there has been little research on the feasibility of continuously monitoring drugs in whole blood by electrochemical sensing devices. Electroanalytical problems asso...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An oligonucleotide "melting" procedure was developed whereby we can monitor for a sequence heterogeneity in the gene for apolipoprotein E production. Two oligonucleotides were synthesized, one recognizing the common epsilon 3 allele but not the common epsilon 2 allele, the other recognizing the epsilon 2 allele but no...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Increased plasma troponin T (cTnT), but not troponin I (cTnI), is frequently observed in end-stage renal failure patients. Although generally considered spurious, we previously reported an associated increased mortality at 12 months. METHODS:We studied long-term outcomes in 244 patients on chronic hemodialy...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography, we reevaluated the 24-h influence of a serotonin- and dopamine-rich diet on platelet serotonin and serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and major catecholamine metabolites in the urine of 15 healthy adults. Although there were significant ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to develop a clinical laboratory method for subclass typing of human immunoglobulin G (IgG) paraproteins. Serum proteins were isoelectrically focused (IEF) in a mini-gel and passively blotted by capillary diffusion onto untreated nitrocellulose. Unreacted sites on the nitrocellulose wer...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a modification of the MacGee method [Anal. Chem. 42, 421 (1970)] for rapid determination of phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin) in plasma by gas-liquid chromatography, in which an ethylaing reagent is used instead of the more common methylating reagents. With this modification, several N-methylated antiepileptic...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent studies show that the haptoglobin phenotype in individuals with diabetes mellitus is an important factor for predicting the risk of myocardial infarction, cardiovascular death, and stroke. Current methods for haptoglobin phenotyping include PCR and gel electrophoresis. A need exists for a reliable met...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2015.244004
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
