Revised assignment of absolute configuration of the cis- and trans-N6-deoxyadenosine adducts at C14 of (+/-)-11beta,12alpha-dihydroxy-13alpha,14alpha-epoxy-11,12,13,14-tetrahydrodibenzo[a,l]pyrene by stereoselective synthesis.

abstract：:Copper is a physiologically important, redox-active metal that may be involved in endogenous DNA damage and mutagenesis. To understand the factors that affect the location and quantity of copper-induced oxidative DNA damage in cells, we used the 5S rDNA nucleosome as a model to assess the effect of chromatin structure...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Liang Q,Dedon PC

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The activity of three metabolically activated methylating agents, N-methyl-N-(acetoxymethyl)nitrosamine (DMN-OAc), methylnitrosourethane (MNUT), and (methylazoxy)methanol acetate (MAM-Ac), were determined in cell culture by using a P388 cell growth rate inhibition assay. Experiments were conducted with normal P388 cel...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Weinkam RJ,Plakunov I

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) method for the measurement of aflatoxin biomarkers in urine has been developed and validated. The two major aflatoxin-DNA adducts formed in rat tissues, aflatoxin N(7)-guanine and its imidazole ring opened derivative, 8,9-dihydro-8-(2,6-diami...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Walton M,Egner P,Scholl PF,Walker J,Kensler TW,Groopman JD

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA nucleobases are the prime targets for chemical modifications by endogenous and exogenous electrophiles. Alkylation of the N7 position of guanine and adenine in DNA triggers base-catalyzed imidazole ring opening and the formation of N5-substituted formamidopyrimidine (N5-R-FAPy) lesions. Me-FAPy-dG adducts induced ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Pujari SS,Tretyakova N

更新日期：2017-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are prone to dissolution, and uncertainty remains whether biological/cellular responses to ZnO NPs are solely due to the release of Zn(2+) or whether the NPs themselves have additional toxic effects. We address this by establishing ZnO NP solubility in dispersion media (Dulbecco's modified Eagl...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Mu Q,David CA,Galceran J,Rey-Castro C,Krzemiński L,Wallace R,Bamiduro F,Milne SJ,Hondow NS,Brydson R,Vizcay-Barrena G,Routledge MN,Jeuken LJ,Brown AP

更新日期：2014-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Bisphenol A (BPA) is used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins for baby bottles, liners of canned food, and many other consumer products. Previously, BPA has been shown to reduce the activity of several antioxidant enzymes, which may contribute to oxidative stress. However, the underlying mecha...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Chepelev NL,Enikanolaiye MI,Chepelev LL,Almohaisen A,Chen Q,Scoggan KA,Coughlan MC,Cao XL,Jin X,Willmore WG

更新日期：2013-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Adverse events resulting from drug therapy can be a cause of drug withdrawal, reduced and or restricted clinical use, as well as a major economic burden for society. To increase the safety of new drugs, there is a need to better understand the mechanisms causing the adverse events. One way to derive new mechanistic hy...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Svensson F,Zoufir A,Mahmoud S,Afzal AM,Smit I,Giblin KA,Clements PJ,Mettetal JT,Pointon A,Harvey JS,Greene N,Williams RV,Bender A

更新日期：2018-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) superfamily of secreted signaling molecules and their cognate receptors regulate cell fate and behaviors relevant to many developmental and disease processes. Disruption of TGFβ signaling during embryonic development can, for example, affect morphogenesis and differentiation ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Wei Z,Sakamuru S,Zhang L,Zhao J,Huang R,Kleinstreuer NC,Chen Y,Shu Y,Knudsen TB,Xia M

更新日期：2019-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantum dots (QDs) are a novel class of inorganic fluorophores which are gaining widespread recognition as a result of their exceptional photophysical properties and their applications as a biomarker and in molecular biomedical imaging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo genotoxicity in mice exposed to ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Khalil WK,Girgis E,Emam AN,Mohamed MB,Rao KV

更新日期：2011-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Peroxynitrite (PN), a very reactive oxidant formed by the combination of superoxide and nitric oxide, appears to play a role in producing tissue damage in a number of inflammatory conditions. Pharmacological scavenging and decomposition of PN within these areas has therapeutic value in several tissue injury models. Re...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Carroll RT,Galatsis P,Borosky S,Kopec KK,Kumar V,Althaus JS,Hall ED

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sugars and sugar degradation products react in vivo readily with proteins (glycation) resulting in the formation of a heterogeneous group of reaction products, which are called advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs notably change the structure and function of proteins so that extended protein-AGE formation is l...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Schneider M,Thoss G,Hübner-Parajsz C,Kientsch-Engel R,Stahl P,Pischetsrieder M

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemically reactive species formed from the metabolism of carboxylic acid-containing compounds have been proposed as mediators of their toxic side-effects. Two alternative metabolic pathways known to be involved in the generation of reactive acylating metabolites of carboxylic acids are acyl glucuronidation and acyl-C...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Li C,Benet LZ,Grillo MP

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The environmental contaminant benzo[c]phenanthrene (B[c]Ph) has weak carcinogenic activity in rodent bioassays; however, the fjord region diol epoxides of B[c]Ph, B[c]Ph-3,4-diol 1,2-epoxides (B[c]PhDE), are potent carcinogens. To determine the role of cytochrome P450 isozymes in the activation of B[c]Ph in MCF-7 cell...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Einolf HJ,Story WT,Marcus CB,Larsen MC,Jefcoate CR,Greenlee WF,Yagi H,Jerina DM,Amin S,Park SS,Gelboin HV,Baird WM

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Salmonella typhimurium (TA100) mutagenic compound, mucochloric acid [3,4-dichloro-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MCA)], was inactivated by in vitro N-acetylcysteine (NAC). The reaction of MCA with NAC at pH7 was second order and gave products 4, 5, and 6a that resulted from the displacement of chlorine from C-3 or C-4 ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： LaLonde RT,Xie S

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of 13 cyclopenta polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have been studied using quantum mechanical methods. The three-dimensional molecular structure of each carbocation that might result from the opening of a protonated epoxide ring formed between the carbon atoms completing the cyclopenta ring was computed with A...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Rabinowitz JR,Little SB

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatotoxicity of allyl alcohol involves its bioactivation to acrolein and subsequent protein sulfhydryl loss and lipid peroxidation. However, the links between these events and hepatocellular death are not known. The purpose of these studies was to examine whether specific signal transduction pathways are associated ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Maddox JF,Roth RA,Ganey PE

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Graphene oxide derivatives (GODs) have superb physical/chemical properties with promise for applications in biomedicine. Shape, size, and chemistry of the GODs are identified as the key parameters that impact any biological system. In this work, the GODs with a wide range of shapes (sheets, helical/longitudinal ribbon...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lu P,Zehtab Yazdi A,Han XX,Al Husaini K,Haime J,Waye N,Chen P

更新日期：2020-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Interstrand cross-links are minor components of the collection of products formed in DNA by ionizing radiation. Through their formation by other damaging agents, it is known that interstrand cross-links exert significant effects on replication and transcription. The structures of DNA interstrand cross-links produced a...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Ding H,Greenberg MM

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tobacco-specific nitrosamines N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN, 1) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK, 2) are potent carcinogens in rodents. Bioactivation of NNN and NNK by cytochrome P450 enzymes generates a pyridyloxobutylating agent 6, which alkylates DNA to produce pyridyloxobutyl (POB)-DNA addu...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lao Y,Villalta PW,Sturla SJ,Wang M,Hecht SS

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two 2-aminofluorene-derived hydroxamic acids that differ only in the nature of the N-acyl group were examined for their relative abilities to undergo covalent binding to nucleic acids. Studies of the bioactivation of N-hydroxy-N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene (N-OH-AAF) and N-hydroxy-N-glycolyl-2-aminofluorene (N-OH-GAF) were...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Corbett MD,Lim LO,Corbett BR,Johnston JJ,Wiebkin P

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vinyl chloride and acrolein are important industrial chemicals. Both form DNA adducts, vinyl chloride after enzymatic oxidation to chlorooxirane and acrolein by direct reaction. Reaction at the N(2) position of guanine is a major pathway. The resulting 2-oxoethyl and 3-oxopropyl adducts cyclize spontaneously to hydrox...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Nechev LV,Harris CM,Harris TM

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:N,N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-p-aminophenylbutyric acid (chlorambucil, 1) is an orally administrated drug widely used in the chemotherapy of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. We have recently described a new metabolic path for the decomposition of 1 in human gastric juice based on its reactions with saliva-derived thiocyanate io...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Hovinen J,Pettersson-Fernholm T,Lahti M,Vilpo J

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of chlorination of catechol (CAT) derivatives of pentachlorophenol (PCP) on the induction of cytotoxicity and DNA damaging effects in calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) and in two human breast carcinoma cell lines. Results indicated that with the addition of the transition...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lin CH,Leow HT,Huang SC,Nakamura J,Swenberg JA,Lin PH

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biological response of bronchial epithelial cells to particles is associated with a sequestration of cell metal by the particle surface and a subsequent disruption in host iron homeostasis. The macrophage is the cell type resident in the respiratory tract that is most likely to make initial contact with inhaled pa...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Ghio AJ,Soukup JM,Stonehuerner J,Tong H,Richards J,Gilmour MI,Madden MC,Shen Z,Kantrow SP

更新日期：2019-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Many cyanobacterial species are able to produce cyanotoxins as secondary metabolites. Among them, microcystins (MC) are a group of around 80 congeners of toxic cyclic heptapeptides. MC-LR is the most studied MC congener, in view of its high acute hepatotoxicity and tumor promoting activity. Humans may be exposed to cy...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Buratti FM,Scardala S,Funari E,Testai E

更新日期：2011-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The reaction of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) with deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) results in two distinct EPR-detectable species, the one-electron-reduced nitroprusside ion [(CN)5FeNO]3- and nitrosylhemoglobin (HbNO). In the presence of excess cyanide (CN-) only the signal for [(CN)5FeNO]3- is observed. Thus, while free CN- does n...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Wilcox DE,Kruszyna H,Kruszyna R,Smith RP

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electronic cigarette liquids (e-liquids) with sweetener additives such as sucralose, a synthetic chlorinated disaccharide, are popular among some e-cigarette consumers; sucralose can be added either by the manufacturer or by the consumer. The prevalence of sucralose in commercial e-liquids is not known, nor is the typ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Duell AK,McWhirter KJ,Korzun T,Strongin RM,Peyton DH

更新日期：2019-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Nuclei from human lymphoblast cells grown in culture were treated with [7-14C]-(+/-)-r-7,t-8-dihydroxy-t-9,t-10-epoxy-7,8,9,10- tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (anti-BPDE), and the nucleosomal core histones were isolated for adduct studies by cryogenic fluorescence line narrowing spectroscopy. The four core histones H2A, H2B...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： SooHoo CK,Singh K,Skipper PL,Tannenbaum SR,Dasari RR

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While xenobiotic carboxylic acids (XCAs) have been studied extensively with respect to their enzymatic conversion to potentially reactive acyl glucuronides with implications to drug induced hepatotoxicity, the formation of xenobiotic-S-acyl-CoA thioesters (xenobiotic-CoAs) have been much less studied in spite of data ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Darnell M,Weidolf L

更新日期：2013-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the cellular components that can react directly with peroxynitrite in the presence of physiological CO(2) concentrations are sulfur-, selenium-, and metal-containing proteins, in particular hemoproteins. We have previously shown that the reactions of peroxynitrite with oxymyoglobin (MbFeO(2)) and oxyhemoglobin p...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Herold S,Exner M,Boccini F

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00