Human glutathione transferases catalyzing the conjugation of the hepatoxin microcystin-LR.

abstract：:Raloxifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator which is effective in the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. We report herein that cytochrome P450 (P450)3A4 is inhibited by raloxifene in human liver microsomal incubations. The nature of the inhibition was irreversible and was NADPH- and preincuba...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Chen Q,Ngui JS,Doss GA,Wang RW,Cai X,DiNinno FP,Blizzard TA,Hammond ML,Stearns RA,Evans DC,Baillie TA,Tang W

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutathione peroxidases and their mimics, e.g., ebselen or diaryl tellurides, efficiently reduce peroxynitrite/peroxynitrous acid (ONOO-/ONOOH) to nitrite and protect against oxidation and nitration reactions. Here, we report the second-order rate constant for the reaction of the reduced form of glutathione peroxidase...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Briviba K,Kissner R,Koppenol WH,Sies H

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At high doses, green tea extracts and green tea's major active constituent, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), despite their generally perceived health benefits, have been suspected to cause hepatotoxicity in certain human populations. It has been reported that o-quinone metabolites of gallic acid or EGCG are causat...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Pandey P,Avula B,Khan IA,Khan SI,Navarro VJ,Doerksen RJ,Chittiboyina AG

更新日期：2020-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Lesion-induced thermodynamic destabilization is believed to facilitate β-hairpin intrusion by the human XPC/hHR23B nucleotide excision repair (NER) recognition factor, accompanied by partner-base flipping, as suggested by the crystal structure of the yeast orthologue (Min, J. H., and Pavletich, N. P. (2007) Nature 449...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Zheng H,Cai Y,Ding S,Tang Y,Kropachev K,Zhou Y,Wang L,Wang S,Geacintov NE,Zhang Y,Broyde S

更新日期：2010-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Tetrandrine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, has demonstrated promising pharmacologic activities. The alkaloid has a great potential for clinical use, so a careful, thorough toxicity evaluation of the alkaloid is required. In the present study, 24 h acute toxicity of tetrandrine was evaluated in CD-1 mice. Single in...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Jin H,Li L,Zhong D,Liu J,Chen X,Zheng J

更新日期：2011-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:3,N4-Etheno-2'-deoxycytidine, 3-(hydroxyethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine, and 3,N4-ethano-2'-deoxy-cytidine are found in DNA of cells treated with either vinyl chloride or 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-nitrosourea. These exocyclic and related DNA adducts were incorporated into oligodeoxynucleotides, which were then used as templates f...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Zhang W,Johnson F,Grollman AP,Shibutani S

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:8-Aminoguanine had previously been identified as one of the nucleic acid base modifications produced in livers of rats by treatment with the hepatocarcinogen 2-nitropropane (2-NP), and a hypothetical mechanism of activation of 2-NP to hydroxylamine-O-sulfonate or acetate that would lead to NH2+, an aminating species, ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Sodum RS,Sohn OS,Nie G,Fiala ES

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorophyllin (CHL), a food-grade derivative of the green plant pigment chlorophyll, has recently been shown in this laboratory to be a potent inhibitor in vivo of hepatic aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-DNA adduction and hepatocarcinogenesis (Breinholt et al. (1995) Cancer Res. 55, 57-62). We report here that CHL forms a strong ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Breinholt V,Schimerlik M,Dashwood R,Bailey G

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:3'-Hydroxyacetanilide (AMAP) is a nonhepatotoxic regioisomer of acetaminophen (APAP) that nonetheless does form reactive metabolites which bind to hepatic proteins. Because differences in the nature of reactive metabolites formed from AMAP and APAP may explain differences in their propensity to cause hepatotoxicity, c...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Rashed MS,Nelson SD

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk of several types of malignancy by mechanisms that remain to be elucidated. Most of the ingested ethanol is converted to acetaldehyde but the formation of free radical metabolites such as the 1-hydroxyethyl radical has been also demonstrated to occur in vitro and...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Nakao LS,Augusto O

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental stress induces the synthesis of glucose-regulated proteins (Grps) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and heat shock proteins (Hsps) in the cytoplasm. Iodoacetamide (IDAM), a prototypical alkyating agent, induces both Grp and Hsp synthesis in renal epithelial cells and causes necrosis which is prevented by...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： van De Water B,Wang Y,Asmellash S,Liu H,Zhan Y,Miller E,Stevens JL

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin that shows potent nephrotoxicity and renal carcinogenicity in rodents. One hypothesis for OTA-induced tumor formation is based on its genotoxic properties that are promoted by oxidative metabolism. Like other chlorinated phenols, OTA undergoes an oxidative dechlorination process to ge...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Tozlovanu M,Faucet-Marquis V,Pfohl-Leszkowicz A,Manderville RA

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hepatotoxicity of Troglitazone (TGZ) has been ascribed to the formation of reactive metabolites, and the primary reactive metabolite of TGZ has been confirmed to be an o-quinone methide. Oxidation of the chromane moiety is also known to produce quinone containing metabolites. Quantum chemical studies have been per...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Dixit VA,Bharatam PV

更新日期：2011-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The syntheses of potentially important metabolites of benzo[b]naphtho[2,1-d]thiophene ([2,1]BNT)--trans-1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydrobenzo[b]naphtho[2,1- d]thiophene ([2,1]BNT-1,2-diol) and trans-3,4-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydrobenzo[b]naphtho[2,1-d]thiophene ([2,1]BNT-3,4-diol)--are described. The syntheses involved preparation...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Misra B,Amin S

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have reported [Correia et al. (1987) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 258, 436-443] that administration of 3,5-dicarbethoxy-4-ethyl-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine (DDEP) to untreated, phenobarbital (PB) pretreated, or dexamethasone (DEX) pretreated rats results in relatively selective inactivation of cytochrome P-450 (P-4...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Sugiyama K,Yao K,Rettie AE,Correia MA

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human exposure to abacavir, a primary alcohol antiretroviral, is associated with the development of immunological drug reactions in individuals carrying the HLA risk allele B*57:01. Interaction of abacavir with antigen presenting cells results in cell activation through an Hsp70-mediated Toll-like receptor pathway and...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Bell CC,Santoyo Castelazo A,Yang EL,Maggs JL,Jenkins RE,Tugwood J,O'Neill PM,Naisbitt DJ,Park BK

更新日期：2013-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of studies was conducted to investigate the potential of (R)- and (S)-2-phenylpropionic acid (2-PPA) to undergo enantioselective covalent binding to protein in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes and to determine whether such covalent binding is dependent on acyl glucuronidation or acyl-CoA formation of 2-PPA. H...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Li C,Benet LZ,Grillo MP

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method for the analysis of N-acetylcysteine conjugates of catechol estrogens [catechol estrogen mercapturates (CE SRs)], which are likely to be urinary markers of estrogen-induced tumors, was established in this study. The characteristics of the method that was established were (1) cleanup of urine using the immunoa...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Nakagomi M,Suzuki E

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Naphtho[8,1,2- ghi]chrysene, commonly known as naphtho[1,2- e]pyrene (N[1,2- e]P) is a widespread environmental pollutant, identified in coal tar extract, air borne particulate matter, marine sediment, cigarette smoke condensate, and vehicle exhaust. Herein, we determined the ability of rat liver microsomes to metabol...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Sharma AK,Gowdahalli K,Gimbor M,Amin S

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The chemical reactivities of the optically-pure fjord-region syn- and anti-benzo[g]chrysene 11,12-dihydrodiol 13,14-epoxides (B[g]CDEs) toward DNA in vitro have been compared with those of the optically-pure fjord-region syn- and anti-benzo[c]phenanthrene 3,4-dihydrodiol 1,2-epoxides (B[c]PhDEs), using the standard 32...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Giles AS,Seidel A,Phillips DH

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The preparation and DNA binding characteristics of a structural analog of Hoechst 33258 bearing two pyridinic nitrogen atoms are described. The 1H NMR signals of the complex formed between the new ligand 1 and decadeoxyribonucleotide d(CATGGCCATG)2 were assigned by employing one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques. In...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Singh MP,Joseph T,Kumar S,Bathini Y,Lown JW

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously reported that mono- and dichlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can be metabolized to dihydroxy compounds and further oxidized to reactive metabolites which form adducts with nitrogen and sulfur nucleophiles including DNA [Amaro et al. (1966) Chem. Res. Toxicol. 9, 623-629; Oakley et al. (1996) Carcinogenesi...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Oakley GG,Devanaboyina U,Robertson LW,Gupta RC

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of hepatotoxic doses of acetaminophen on tissue concentrations of CoA in the thiol form (CoASH) and as the corresponding mixed disulfide with GSH (CoASSG) were determined to test the hypotheses that early oxidant effects of acetaminophen are expressed principally in the mitochondrial compartment and that o...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Rogers LK,Valentine CJ,Szczpyka M,Smith CV

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two hemorrhagic proteases, Lachesis hemorrhagic toxins a and b (LHTa and LHTb), were isolated from the venom of Lachesis muta, which is distributed in Central and South America. One protease showed strong hemorrhagic action, while the other showed weak hemorrhagic activity even though the two enzymes are very similar ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Ran YL,Zheng SD,Tu AT

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Skin protein modification (haptenation) is thought to be a key step in the manifestation of sensitization to low molecular mass chemicals (<500 g/mol). For sensitizing chemicals that are not protein reactive, it is hypothesised that metabolic activation can convert such chemicals into protein reactive toxins within th...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Elahi EN,Wright Z,Hinselwood D,Hotchkiss SA,Basketter DA,Pease CK

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) moiety [CH3N(N=O)C(=O)NH-] linked to the C4'-position of the 5-substituted phenyl ring of phenyl neutral red (PNR), 2-methyl-3-amino-5-[p-[[2-[(N-nitroso-N-methylcarbamoyl)amino]ethy l] carbamoyl]phenyl]-7-(dimethylamino)phenazenium chloride (MNU-PNR), has been synthesized as an approac...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Mehta P,Church K,Williams J,Chen FX,Encell L,Shuker DE,Gold B

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1-Fluoro-1,1,2-trichloroethane (HCFC-131a), 1,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-132b), and 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane (HCFC-133a) were chosen as models for comparative metabolism studies on 1,1,1,2-tetrahaloethanes, which are under consideration as replacements for ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Mal...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Yin H,Jones JP,Anders MW

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the molecular basis of inorganic chemical toxicity has lagged behind the proliferation of detailed mechanisms that explain the biochemical toxicology of many organic xenobiotics. In this perspective, general barriers to explicating the bioinorganic chemistry of toxic metals are considered, followed by a ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Petering DH

更新日期：2017-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Peroxynitrite (ONOO-), the reaction product of superoxide (O2.-) and nitric oxide (.NO), nitrates tyrosine and other phenolics. We report herein that tryptophan is also nitrated by peroxynitrite in the absence of transition metals to one predominant isomer of nitrotryptophan, as determined from spectral characteristic...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Alvarez B,Rubbo H,Kirk M,Barnes S,Freeman BA,Radi R

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was conducted to investigate the protein adducts with pesticides in a cohort of 172 factory workers that were exposed to a mixture of pesticides. The 35 samples showing considerable variation in biochemical parameters, i.e., butyrylcholinestrase (BChE), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glut...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Rehman T,Khan MM,Shad MA,Hussain M,Oyler BL,Goo YA,Goodlett DR

更新日期：2016-10-17 00:00:00