Bisphenol A activates the Nrf1/2-antioxidant response element pathway in HEK 293 cells.

abstract：:Nitrogen mustards (NM) are an important class of chemotherapeutic drugs used in the treatment of malignant tumors. The accepted mechanism of action of NM is through the alkylation of DNA bases. NM-adducts block DNA replication in cancer cells by forming cytotoxic DNA interstrand cross-links. We previously characterize...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Chen H,Cui Z,Hejazi L,Yao L,Walmsley SJ,Rizzo CJ,Turesky RJ

更新日期：2020-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Implementation of the Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC)'s Standard for Exchange of Nonclinical Data (SEND) by the United States Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (US FDA CDER) has created large quantities of SEND data sets and a tremendous opportunity to apply la...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Carfagna MA,Anderson J,Eley C,Fukushima T,Horvath J,Houser W,Larsen B,Page T,Russo D,Sloan C,Snyder K,Thompson R,Ullmann G,Whittaker M

更新日期：2020-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Deferoxamine is an inhibitor of iron-dependent free radical reactions. Despite the antioxidant roles, prolonged clinical use of the chelator is far from benign, and paradoxically, deferoxamine has been shown to promote lipid peroxidation. The possible toxicity of the drug's metabolites, such as deferoxamine nitroxide ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Kiyose M,Lee CI,Okabe E

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report on the generation of computer-based models for the prediction of the chromosome-damaging potential of chemicals as assessed in the in vitro chromosome aberration (CA) test. On the basis of publicly available CA-test results of more than 650 chemical substances, half of which are drug-like compounds, we gener...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Rothfuss A,Steger-Hartmann T,Heinrich N,Wichard J

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolic bioactivation, glutathione depletion, and covalent binding are the early hallmark events after acetaminophen (APAP) overdose. However, the subsequent metabolic consequences contributing to APAP-induced hepatic necrosis and apoptosis have not been fully elucidated. In this study, serum metabolomes of control ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Chen C,Krausz KW,Shah YM,Idle JR,Gonzalez FJ

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acrolein (AC) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) are endogenous bis-electrophiles that arise from the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. AC is also found in high concentrations in cigarette smoke and automobile exhaust. These reactive α,β-unsaturated aldehyde (enal) covalently modify nucleic acids, to form exocyclic...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Kozekov ID,Turesky RJ,Alas GR,Harris CM,Harris TM,Rizzo CJ

更新日期：2010-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage, has been extensively studied to assess human exposure to carcinogenic compounds. Previous studies have associated levels of human urinary hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) with those of 8-OHdG. However, measurements of OH-...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Fan R,Wang D,Ramage R,She J

更新日期：2012-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:S-(1,2-Dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine (DCVC), a mutagenic and nephrotoxic metabolite of trichloroethylene, is bioactivated to S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine sulfoxide (DCVCS) and chlorothioketene and/or 2-chlorothionoacetyl chloride by cysteine conjugate S-oxidase (S-oxidase) and cysteine conjugate beta-lyase (beta-lyase...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Barshteyn N,Elfarra AA

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, HepG2, are often used for drug mediated mitochondrial toxicity assessments. Glucose in HepG2 culture media is replaced by galactose to reveal drug-induced mitochondrial toxicity as a marked shift of drug IC50 values for the reduction of cellular ATP. It has been postulated that ga...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Xu Q,Liu L,Vu H,Kuhls M,Aslamkhan AG,Liaw A,Yu Y,Kaczor A,Ruth M,Wei C,Imredy J,Lebron J,Pearson K,Gonzalez R,Mitra K,Sistare FD

更新日期：2019-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) induces cancer in human lungs, urinary bladder, skin, kidney, and liver, with the majority of deaths from lung and bladder cancer. To date, cancer risk assessments for iAs have not relied on mechanistic data, as we have lacked sufficient understanding of arsenic's pharmacokinetics a...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Kitchin KT,Conolly R

更新日期：2010-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Organically modified rectorite (OREC) micro/nanoparticles can be synthesized by organic modification from calcium rectorite (Ca(2+)-REC or REC), a common form of rectorite in nature. Although REC and OREC have potential applications in food packing and drug delivery, their cytotoxicity is not clear. In the present stu...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Liu Y,Deng H,Xiao C,Xie C,Zhou X

更新日期：2014-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Organic electrophiles have been recognized as important components of the exposome that can be characterized as cumulative totality of exposure in the organism in response to environmental perturbation. For such compounds, chemical reactivity may contribute significantly to the toxicological profile through covalent a...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Böhme A,Laqua A,Schüürmann G

更新日期：2016-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Lapatinib (LAP), an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer, has been associated with idiosyncractic hepatotoxicity. Recent investigations have implicated the importance of P450 3A4/5 enzymes in the formation of an electrophilic quinone imine (LAPQI) metabolite generated through fu...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Eno MR,El-Gendy Bel-D,Cameron MD

更新日期：2016-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The oxidation state of intracellular chromium has been determined directly in mammalian lung cells exposed to mutagenic and carcinogenic chromium compounds. Microprobe X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) experiments on single V79 Chinese hamster lung cells showed that Cr(VI) and Cr(V) complexes were reduced completely...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Dillon CT,Lay PA,Cholewa M,Legge GJ,Bonin AM,Collins TJ,Kostka KL,Shea-McCarthy G

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Allyl alcohol (AA) is one of the environmental pollutants used as a herbicide and industrial chemical. AA undergoes enzymatic oxidation in vivo to form Acrolein (Acr), a highly reactive and ubiquitous environmental toxicant. The exposure to AA/Acr has detrimental effects on cells and is highly fatal. In corroboration ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Golla U,Bandi G,Tomar RS

更新日期：2015-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:E-cigarette flavorings have not been thoroughly evaluated for inhalational toxicity. We have shown that the flavoring chemical cinnamaldehyde impairs human neutrophils, macrophages, and natural killer cells. Here we investigated the effects of other common e-liquid flavoring chemicals on phagocytosis and oxidative bur...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Hickman E,Herrera CA,Jaspers I

更新日期：2019-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of the carcinogenic mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) to react with reduced glutathione (GSH) has been assessed using electrospray ionization (ES)-MS techniques. On the basis of the assumption that OTA undergoes biotransformation into the reactive quinone species OTQ (6), a synthetic sample of the reduced form ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Dai J,Park G,Wright MW,Adams M,Akman SA,Manderville RA

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Concerns have been raised that diacetyl (DA) might be a respiratory sensitizer based on its LUMO energy similar to that of the respiratory allergen toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) and results of a local lymph node assay (LLNA) that reported an EC3 of 1.9%. To better understand the concerns, we performed a systematic li...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Dworak JJ,Roberts DW,Calter MA,Fields CA,Borak J

更新日期：2013-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The diarrhetic shellfish toxin composition in the digestive glands of mussels from the northern Adriatic sea was investigated. Along with known yessotoxins, identified by comparison of their chromatographic and spectral properties with those reported in the literature, we isolated a new analogue of yessotoxin, 42,43,4...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Ciminiello P,Fattorusso E,Forino M,Poletti R

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR's) are described for the rate of conjugation of a series of fluoronitrobenzenes with cytosolic as well as with two major alpha and mu class enzymes of rat and human liver, viz., glutathione S-transferases (GST) 1-1, 3-3, A1-1, and M1a-1a. For all purified enzymes stu...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Soffers AE,Ploemen JH,Moonen MJ,Wobbes T,van Ommen B,Vervoort J,van Bladeren PJ,Rietjens IM

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Butadiene monoxide, a toxic metabolite of 1,3-butadiene, is a substrate for the human placental glutathione (GSH) S-transferase. The products have been identified as S-(2-hydroxy-3-buten-1-yl)glutathione (I) and S-(1-hydroxy-3-buten-2-yl)glutathione (II). S-(4-hydroxy-2-buten-1-yl)glutathione (III), which was formed c...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Sharer JE,Duescher RJ,Elfarra AA

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many organic sulfides (mono-, di-, and polysulfides) are present in our environment. Simple derivatives are produced by some plants and animals, while complex sulfides are secondary metabolites of several genera of bacteria and fungi. Sulfides play an important role in the smell and taste of food, and many such compou...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Munday R

更新日期：2012-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Solutions of synthetic fecapentaene 12 (FP-12) intended for carcinogenicity studies were found to decompose extremely rapidly during customary dosage procedures. Apparent half-lives as short as 15 min were observed. While rates and even the qualitative course of decomposition were surprisingly variable in replicate ex...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Streeter AJ,Donovan PJ,Anjo T,Ohannesian L,Sheffels PR,Wu PP,Keefer LK,Andrews AW,Bradford WW 3rd,Reist EJ

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major plant growth regulator ethephon degrades to ethylene and phosphate in aqueous solutions and plants and is spontaneously activated to a butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitor in alkaline solutions and animal tissues. In the present (31)P NMR kinetic study of the reactions of ethephon in pH 7.4 carbonate buffe...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lantz SR,Casida JE

更新日期：2013-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug-induced myocardial infarction (DIMI) is one of the most serious adverse drug effects that often lead to death. Therefore, the identification of DIMI at the early stages of drug development is essential. For this purpose, the in vitro testing and in silico prediction of interactions between drug-like substances an...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Ivanov SM,Lagunin AA,Pogodin PV,Filimonov DA,Poroikov VV

更新日期：2014-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The Salmonella typhimurium (TA100) mutagenic compound, mucochloric acid [3,4-dichloro-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MCA)], was inactivated by in vitro N-acetylcysteine (NAC). The reaction of MCA with NAC at pH7 was second order and gave products 4, 5, and 6a that resulted from the displacement of chlorine from C-3 or C-4 ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： LaLonde RT,Xie S

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The increasing use of fullerene nanomaterials has prompted widespread concern over their biological effects. Herein, we have studied the phototoxicity of gamma-cyclodextrin bicapped pristine C 60 [(gamma-CyD) 2/C 60] and its water-soluble derivative C 60(OH) 24 toward human keratinocytes. Our results demonstrated that...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Zhao B,He YY,Bilski PJ,Chignell CF

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aflatoxin Q1 8,9-oxide was synthesized and found to yield lower levels of N7-guanyl adducts than obtained from aflatoxin B1 8,9-oxide when mixed with calf thymus DNA or Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 cells. However, when S. typhimurium TA 98 was treated with the (analogous) epoxides of aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin G1, aflato...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Raney KD,Shimada T,Kim DH,Groopman JD,Harris TM,Guengerich FP

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytochrome P450 2F1 (P450 2F1) is expressed exclusively in the human respiratory tract and is implicated in 3-methylindole (3MI)-induced pneumotoxicity via dehydrogenation of 3MI to a reactive electrophilic intermediate, 3-methyleneindolenine (3-MEI). Studies of P450 2F1 to date have been limited by the failure to exp...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Behrendorff JB,Moore CD,Kim KH,Kim DH,Smith CA,Johnston WA,Yun CH,Yost GS,Gillam EM

更新日期：2012-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) paradigm details the existing knowledge that links the initial interaction between a chemical and a biological system, termed the molecular initiating event (MIE), through a series of intermediate events, to an adverse effect. An important example of a well-defined MIE is the formatio...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Ebbrell DJ,Madden JC,Cronin MT,Schultz TW,Enoch SJ

更新日期：2016-06-20 00:00:00