Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To construct confidence intervals for HIV prevalence in countries with generalised epidemics. METHODS:In the Bayesian melding approach, a sample of country-specific epidemic curves describing HIV prevalence over time is derived based on time series of antenatal clinic prevalence data and general information on the parameters that describe the HIV epidemic. The prevalence trends at antenatal clinics are calibrated to population-based HIV prevalence estimates from national surveys. For countries without population based estimates, a general calibration method is developed. Based on the sample of calibrated epidemic curves, we derive annual 95% confidence intervals for HIV prevalence. The curve that best represents the data at antenatal clinics and population-based surveys, as well as general information about the epidemic, is chosen to represent the best estimates and predictions. RESULTS:We present results for urban areas in Haiti and Namibia to illustrate the estimates and confidence intervals that are derived with the methodology.
journal_name
Sex Transm Infectjournal_title
Sexually transmitted infectionsauthors
Alkema L,Raftery AE,Brown Tdoi
10.1136/sti.2008.029991subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-08-01 00:00:00pages
i11-i16eissn
1368-4973issn
1472-3263pii
84/Suppl_1/i11journal_volume
84 Suppl 1pub_type
杂志文章,多中心研究abstract:BACKGROUND:Individuals with risk-loving attitudes may be more likely to participate in high-risk sex and gambling. We investigated whether a lottery-based financial incentive to have a negative syphilis test may attract Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM) who practised risky sexual behaviours. METHODS:In July 2018...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2019-054072
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Using the example of South Africa, this study aimed to examine and obtain a better understanding of the experiences and challenges of urban and rural patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in accessing this complex treatment in a resource-limited setting. METHODS:Following a narrative approach, in-depth i...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2011-050140
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:With increasing use of non-condom-based HIV risk reduction strategies by gay and bisexual men (GBM), we compared occasions of condomless anal intercourse with casual partners (CLAIC) that resulted in HIV transmission and similar occasions when HIV transmission did not occur. METHODS:We compared two demograp...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2016-052749
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To systematically review the evidence of the relation between smoking tobacco and HIV seroconversion and progression to AIDS. METHODS:A systematic review was undertaken of studies to look at tobacco smoking as a risk factor for either HIV seroconversion or progression to AIDS. RESULTS:Six studies were iden...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/sti.2005.019505
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Performance of the new Becton Dickinson ProbeTec GC Q(x) assay on the BD VIPER platform was evaluated to ascertain whether confirmatory testing is required in our clinical setting. METHODS:Positive predictive value (PPV) was determined by comparison with culture and a confirmatory nucleic acid amplification...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sti.2010.044065
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Uptake of cervical screening among women aged 50-64 years is declining. Not feeling at risk because of current sexual behaviour is a reason some older women give for not being screened. We hypothesised that explaining the long interval between acquiring human papillomavirus (HPV) and developing cervical canc...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2019-054120
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cervical cancer prevention strategies recommend human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination for female adolescents prior to their sexual debut. While HIV is a major risk factor for HPV infection in women of childbearing age, its prevalence among HIV-infected adolescent female is mostly unknown. This study aimed ...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2019-054420
更新日期:2020-07-13 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In a systematic internet-based Chlamydia Screening Implementation Programme in The Netherlands, all chlamydia-positive participants automatically received a testkit after 6 months to facilitate early detection of repeat infections. The authors describe participation in repeat testing and prevalence and det...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2011-050455
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Men are not routinely tested for Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) in the Netherlands and, therefore, very few studies have looked into their prevalence and/or role in urogenital complaints in the Dutch male population. OBJECTIVE:To describe the age-specific prevalence and disease bu...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2015-052118
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Three decades into the HIV epidemic and with the advancement of HIV treatments, condom and non-condom-based anal intercourse among gay men in resource-rich countries needs to be re-assessed. METHODS:The proportions of men engaging in a range of anal intercourse practices were estimated from the ongoing cross...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2011-050041
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:From December 2017, the Australian National Cervical Screening Program commenced 5 yearly primary human papillomavirus (HPV) screening; one of the first high-income countries to implement primary HPV screening. This study aimed to examine the psychosocial impact of self-reporting testing HPV positive in a sam...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2019-054290
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To explore whether heterosexual bridging among syphilis-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) contributes to increased infection rates among adolescent women in Baltimore City, Maryland. METHODS:Interview data for patients with primary, secondary and early-latent syphilis from January 2001 to July 2005 we...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sti.2005.019513
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:As Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) are the most commonly reported STIs in Belgium and the majority of women infected are asymptomatic, targeted screening of patients in specified risk groups is indicated. To prevent long-term complications and interrupt transmission, extragenital sa...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2019-054357
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potential for exposure of low and high risk women to HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STI) through unprotected sex with male clients of female sex workers in Cotonou could account for most if not all of the estimated yearly numbers of HIV infections in Cotonou women (approximately 1000). As ongoing transmi...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sti.78.suppl_1.i69
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To inform control strategies undertaken as part of an outbreak of Shigella flexneri 3a among men who have sex with men (MSM). METHODS:All men aged ≥18 years diagnosed with S flexneri 3a between October 2012 and May 2013 were invited to participate. Semistructured in-depth quantitative interviews were conduc...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2015-052014
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:A growing body of evidence is increasingly demonstrating the effectiveness of condoms for sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention. The purpose of the present analysis was to provide a disease specific estimate for the effectiveness of condoms in preventing Chlamydia trachomatis infection w...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sti.2004.012799
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This paper examines the discordance between biological data of HIV and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infections and self-reported questionnaire responses among orphan adolescents in Western Kenya. METHODS:In 2011, 837 orphan adolescents from 26 primary schools were enrolled in an HIV prevention trial....
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2014-051720
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis A is a self-limiting infection caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV), transmitted predominantly by the faecal-oral route including some sexual practices. Outbreaks are commonly reported in the men who have sex with men (population. Previous exposure is thought to provide life-long immunity against subsequent...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2017-053246
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:In the Netherlands, the Gonococcal Resistance to Antimicrobials Surveillance (GRAS) programme is carried out at Centres for Sexual Health (CSH), which provide care for sexual high-risk populations. However, half of gonorrhoea infections are diagnosed in general practice (GP). We performed a pilot study to exp...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2019-054006
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Numbers of newly diagnosed HIV infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Germany increased after the year 2000. We sought to explore trends in STI co-infections around the time of HIV seroconversion in patients from the German HIV-1 seroconverter cohort from 1996-2007. METHODS:MSM from the cohort ...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/sti.2009.040857
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess social patterns in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine coverage in a school-based, government-funded vaccination programme located within a single-payer universal healthcare system. DESIGN:We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of HPV vaccine uptake data for the 2013-2014 school year for 131 local ...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2017-053357
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine the importance of world region of birth as a risk factor for HIV-1 infection, the likelihood of having an HIV-1 infection diagnosed and the likelihood of having another coexisting acute sexually transmitted infection (STI) among attenders at genitourinary medicine clinics. SUBJECTS:Specimens fr...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sti.74.6.415
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine the clinical and cost-effectiveness of brief advice for excessive alcohol consumption among people who attend sexual health clinics. METHODS:Two-arm, parallel group, assessor blind, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial. 802 people aged 19 years or over who attended one of three sexual health cl...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2014-051561
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Geosocial networking application specific to men who have sex with men (MSM) (gay app) has revolutionised the social networking of MSM globally, much concern was raised over its linkage to HIV/syphilis risk. This study sought to examine the association between use of gay app and sexual behaviours and HIV/syp...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2018-053902
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence of rectal chlamydia infection in a cohort of men who have sex with men (MSM) and the proportion of infection that would be missed without routine screening. METHODS:MSM presenting to four HIV/GUM outpatient clinics at the Chelsea & Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust between...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/sti.2008.031773
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The incidence of HIV and STIs increased among men who have sex with men (MSM) visiting our STI clinic in Amsterdam. Interestingly, HIV increased mainly among older (> or =35 years) MSM, whereas infection rates of rectal gonorrhoea increased mainly in younger men. To explore this discrepancy we compared trend...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sti.2003.007997
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adults in developing countries frequently use community pharmacies as the first and often only source of care. The objective of this study was to assess the success of pharmacy referrals and uptake of HIV testing by young adult clients of community pharmacies in the context of a screening programme for acute...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sextrans-2014-051751
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of hepatitis C virus in genitourinary medicine clinic attenders and to assess the extent of sexual transmission of the virus. METHODS:A cross sectional, unlinked, anonymous survey in 14 genitourinary medicine clinics situated in England, Wales, and Northern I...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/sti.79.4.301
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine the prevalence of identified STIs and recognised symptoms of STIs and their association with health status, substance use, and sexual risk behaviour in a sample of HIV seropositive men and women. METHODS:223 men, 112 women, and five transsexual people living with HIV infection completed confide...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sti.76.5.350
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This exploratory study compared the frequency of condom use errors and problems between men reporting that condom use for penile-vaginal sex was a mutual decision compared with men making the decision unilaterally. METHODS:Nearly 2000 people completed a web-based questionnaire. A sub-sample of 660 men repor...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/sti.2007.027755
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00