Abstract:
:Many physiological adjustments to nutrient changes involve ppGpp. Recent attempts to deduce ppGpp regulatory effects using proteomics or gene profiling can rigorously identify proteins or transcripts, but the functional significance is often unclear. Using a random screen for synthetic lethals we found a ppGpp-dependent functional pathway that operates through transketolase B (TktB), and which is 'buffered' in wildtype strain by the presence of an isozyme, transketolase A (TktA). Transketolase activity is required in cells to make erythrose-4-phosphate, a precursor of aromatic amino acids and vitamins. By studying tktB-dependent nutritional requirements as well as measuring activities using PtalA-tktB'-lacZ transcriptional reporter fusion, we show positive transcriptional regulation of the talA-tktB operon by ppGpp. Our results show the existence of RpoS-dependent and RpoS-independent modes of positive regulation by ppGpp. Both routes of activation are magnified by elevating ppGpp levels with a spoT mutation (spoT-R39A) defective in hydrolase but not synthetase activity or with the stringent suppressor mutations rpoB-A532Delta or rpoB-T563P in the absence of ppGpp.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
Harinarayanan R,Murphy H,Cashel Mdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06317.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-08-01 00:00:00pages
882-94issue
4eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958pii
MMI6317journal_volume
69pub_type
杂志文章abstract::MisL is an autotransporter protein encoded by Salmonella pathogenicity island 3 (SPI3). To investigate the role of MisL in Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) pathogenesis, we characterized its function during infection of mice and identified a host receptor for this adhesin. In a mouse model of ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04666.x
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transposon insertion mutagenesis and transformation were used to locate genes responsible for excision in the temperature phage HP1 of Haemophilus influenzae. A 6.5 kb segment of DNA near the left end of the phage genome was sequenced, and 11 new open reading frames were identified. Two face-to-face overlapping promot...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00462.x
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fungi defend their ecological niche against antagonists by producing antibiosis molecules. Some of these molecules are only produced upon confrontation with the antagonist. The basidiomycete Coprinopsis cinerea induces the expression of the sesquiterpene synthase-encoding gene cop6 and its two neighboring genes coding...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.14277
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis on smooth polymer surfaces has been shown to be mediated by the ica operon. Upon activation of this operon, a polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) is synthesized that supports bacterial cell-to-cell contacts and triggers the production of thick, multilayered biofil...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01353.x
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial autotransporters consist of an N-terminal 'passenger domain' that is transported into the extracellular space by an unknown mechanism and a C-terminal 'beta-domain' that forms a beta-barrel in the outer membrane. Recent studies have revealed that fully assembled autotransporters have an unusual architecture ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.06048.x
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The product of the codY gene is required for nutritional repression of the Bacillus subtillis dipeptide permease operon (dpp), an operon expressed at early stationary phase in nutrient-rich medium. Though unrelated to any known DNA-binding protein, CodY was shown to bind specifically to the dpp promoter region. DNase ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02522.x
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic approaches can address the question of how integral membrane Sec factors interact with each other and facilitate protein translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane of E. coli. This review summarizes genetic analyses of SecY, SecE and some other protein translocation factors, utilizing 'prl' mutations, 'sec'...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01417.x
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum is highly adapted to cope with the oxidative stress to which it is exposed during the erythrocytic stages of its life cycle. This includes the defence against oxidative insults arising from the parasite's metabolism of haemoglobin which results in the formation of reactive ox...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04257.x
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eeyarestatin 1 (ES1) is an inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) associated protein degradation, Sec61-dependent Ca2+ homeostasis and protein translocation into the ER. Recently, evidence was presented showing that a smaller analog of ES1, ES24, targets the Sec61-translocon, and captures it in an open conformation t...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.14589
更新日期:2020-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::A transposon mutant of Escherichia coli 5K was isolated which reduced 10- to 50-fold the secreted extracellular haemolytic activity of cells carrying the complete hlyCABD operon while leaving unaffected the intracellular haemolytic activity and the levels of intracellular and extracellular haemolysin protein, HlyA. Th...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb00948.x
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relF gene in Escherichia coli is related to the hok gene on plasmid R1. Both genes encode small proteins which, when overexpressed in E. coli lead to collapse of the membrane potential and cell death. A third gene, designated gef, which encodes a homologous cell-toxic protein, has been isolated from E. coli DNA. B...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00131.x
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::DivIB, DivIC and FtsL are bacterial proteins essential for cell division, which show interdependencies for their stabilities and localization. We have reconstituted in vitro a trimeric complex consisting of the recombinant extracellular domains of the three proteins from Streptococcus pneumoniae. The extracellular dom...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04408.x
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The LuxR regulatory protein of Vibrio harveyi as well as the autoinducer molecule, N-(3-hydroxybutanoyl) homoserine lactone, are known to be required for expression of luminescence. Although LuxR has been implicated in the activation of the promoter of the lux operon of V. harveyi, and can bind to two distinct sites u...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01286.x
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 1.3 kb cDNA (cDNA52) was derived from Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigote mRNA. Using single stranded probes in Northern blots, we identified the putative coding strand of cDNA52. In addition, a minor band was detected in RNA from epimastigotes that was absent in RNA from trypomastigotes. Nucleotide sequence analysis r...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb01841.x
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coli surface antigen 6 (CS6) is a widely expressed enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) colonization factor that mediates bacterial attachment to the small intestinal epithelium. CS6 is a polymer of two protein subunits CssA and CssB, which are secreted and assembled on the cell surface via the CssC/CssD chaperone ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12044
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gene expression in the Leishmania is controlled post-transcriptionally, and is likely to be impacted by both 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs). We have investigated the effects of trinucleotides in the AUG-proximal region (APR) (i.e. positions -3 to -1 upstream of an AUG) on two reporter genes in the context of an...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05228.x
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP-1) is exposed on the surface of infected erythrocytes where it both acts as an important pathogenicity factor in malaria and undergoes antigenic variation as a means of immune evasion. Because the mammalian erythrocyte lacks a protein secretory machinery ther...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04468.x
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine if the food-grade bacterium Lactococcus lactis holds promise as a vaccine antigen delivery vector we have investigated whether this bacterium can be made to produce high levels of a heterologous protein antigen. A regulated expression system has been developed which may be generally suitable for the expre...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01660.x
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phospholipases C play a role in the pathogenesis of several bacteria. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, possesses four genes encoding putative phospholipases C, plcA, plcB, plcC and plcD. However, the contribution of these genes to virulence is unknown. We constructed four single mutants...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03009.x
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A system where archaeal gene expression could be controlled by simple manipulation of growth conditions would enable the construction of conditional lethal mutants in essential genes, and permit the controlled overproduction of proteins in their native host. As tools for the genetic manipulation of Haloferax volcanii ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05980.x
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::SigD and SigE (Salmonella invasion gene) are proteins needed for optimal invasion of Salmonella typhimurium into eukaryotic cells in vitro. SigD is a secreted protein and SigE is a putative chaperone required for SigD stability and/or secretion. SigD is secreted by a type III secretion apparatus encoded within a patho...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01772.x
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type III secretion systems are found in many Gram-negative bacteria. They are activated by contact with eukaryotic cells and inject virulence proteins inside them. Host cell detection requires a protein complex located at the tip of the device's external injection needle. The Shigella tip complex (TC) is composed of I...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12843
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metal ions are crucial trace elements for bacteria infecting the human host. The LraI (lipoprotein receptor-associated antigen I) transporter in Streptococcus spp. belongs to the superfamily of ABC transporters. The transporter consists of a lipoprotein, an ATP-binding protein and a hydrophobic integral membrane prote...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01626.x
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The K1 killer toxin of Saccharomyces cerevisiae consists of 103- and 83-residue alpha and beta components whose derivation, from a 316-residue precursor preprotoxin, requires processing at the alpha N-terminus (after ProArg-44), the alpha C-terminus (after ArgArg-149) and at the beta N-terminus (after LysArg-233). The...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01496.x
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biofilm formation in Bacillus subtilis requires expression of the eps and tapA-sipW-tasA operons to synthesize the extracellular matrix components, extracellular polysaccharide and TasA amyloid proteins, respectively. Expression of both operons is inhibited by the DNA-binding protein master regulator of biofilm format...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12235
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibronectin-binding proteins (FnBPs) are thought to be important for the attachment of Staphylococcus aureus during infection. The regulation of the genes fnbA and fnbB by the global regulatory loci sar and agr was examined using site-specific regulatory mutants of S. aureus strain Newman. The results from binding ass...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01853.x
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The yeast Candida glabrata rapidly autoactivates transcription of the AMT1 gene in response to potentially toxic copper levels through the copper-inducible binding of the Amt1 transcription factor to a metal response element (MRE) within a positioned nucleosome. Our previous studies have characterized the role of a 16...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02458.x
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum assembles knob structures underneath the erythrocyte membrane that help present the major virulence protein, P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP1). Membranous structures called Maurer's clefts are established in the erythrocyte cytoplasm and function as sortin...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07740.x
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phaseolotoxin, a phytotoxin of Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola, is produced at 18 degrees C but not at 28 degrees C. Here we report that a fragment (24.4 kb) cloned from the wild-type strain, which does not harbour a gene(s) involved in phaseolotoxin biosynthesis, abolishes this thermoregulation in the wild type...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01606.x
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Overexpression of the MDR1 gene, encoding a multi-drug efflux pump of the major facilitator superfamily, is a major cause of resistance to the widely used antifungal agent fluconazole and other toxic substances in the fungal pathogen Candida albicans. We found that all tested clinical and in vitro generated C. albican...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06309.x
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00