Angiostatic activity of the antitumor cytokine interleukin-21.

Abstract:

:Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a recently described immunoregulatory cytokine. It has been identified as a very potent immunotherapeutic agent in several cancer types in animal models, and clinical studies are ongoing. IL-21 belongs to the type I cytokine family of which other members, ie, IL-2, IL-15, and IL-4, have been shown to exert activities on vascular endothelial cells (ECs). We hypothesized that IL-21, in addition to inducing the antitumor immune response, also inhibits tumor angiogenesis. In vitro experiments showed a decrease of proliferation and sprouting of activated ECs after IL-21 treatment. We found that the IL-21 receptor is expressed on vascular ECs. Furthermore, in vivo studies in the chorioallantoic membrane of the chick embryo and in mouse tumors demonstrated that IL-21 treatment disturbs vessel architecture and negatively affects vessel outgrowth. Our results also confirm the earlier suggested angiostatic potential of IL-2 in vitro and in vivo. The angiostatic effect of IL-21 is confirmed by the decrease in expression of angiogenesis-related genes. Interestingly, IL-21 treatment of ECs leads to a decrease of Stat3 phosphorylation. Our research shows that IL-21 is a very powerful antitumor compound that combines the induction of an effective antitumor immune response with inhibition of tumor angiogenesis.

journal_name

Blood

journal_title

Blood

authors

Castermans K,Tabruyn SP,Zeng R,van Beijnum JR,Eppolito C,Leonard WJ,Shrikant PA,Griffioen AW

doi

10.1182/blood-2007-09-113878

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2008-12-15 00:00:00

pages

4940-7

issue

13

eissn

0006-4971

issn

1528-0020

pii

blood-2007-09-113878

journal_volume

112

pub_type

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