Abstract：
OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the ability of population surveys to estimate the occurrence of maternal morbidities.
STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, POPLINE references from relevant papers and proceedings of scientific meetings. No restrictions were made regarding language, date, design, journal, or country. Potentially relevant papers were independently evaluated by two reviewers. Eligible studies were critically evaluated, particularly with respect to complications: eclampsia and other hypertensive complications, hemorrhages, dystocias, and infections. The questions with the highest combined values for sensitivity and specificity were identified in each study.
RESULTS:Seven hospital-based studies involving 2,907 women were included. The gold standard was the clinical records, and the validation strategy consisted of applying questionnaires and comparing them with the gold standard. Questions regarding eclampsia and other hypertensive complications performed satisfactorily in four studies; questions on dystocia and infection in two studies each, and questions regarding hemorrhagic complications in only one study. In general, when the actual prevalence of the condition is low ( journal_name journal_title authors doi subject pub_date pages issue eissn issn pii journal_volume pub_type
abstract：OBJECTIVES:How often authors comment on applicability for primary care in systematic reviews of clinical trials. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We selected 4% of the Cochrane Database for Systematic Reviews (CDSRs; January 2008 to October 2013). We excluded reviews when primary care trials were not eligible. We extracted wh...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.06.003
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this project, we set out to identify ways to increase the uptake of core outcome sets in clinical research. In doing so, we uncovered a growing recognition, across many different health care sectors, of the need for common, relevant outcomes to improve the quality of decision-making. This has led to a plethora of p...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.05.016
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the behavior of predictive performance measures that are commonly used in external validation of prognostic models for outcome at intensive care units (ICUs). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Four prognostic models (Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluati...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.08.011
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Constructs capturing health or functioning can have reflective and/or formative measurement models. Although a construct's measurement model has extensive implications on the construction, validation, and use of a measurement instrument, measurement models are frequently wrongly or not explicitly specified. ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.07.007
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:To assess the influence of medical conditions on road traffic accidents among a cohort of middle-aged workers and pensioners. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:A longitudinal study of 13,548 participants from a cohort study of French workers. Follow-up data covered the 1989-2000 period. Adjusted hazard...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.09.008
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Longitudinal studies estimating the association between disability and mortality in the elderly population have typically assumed disability constant through the follow-up study period. Current knowledge indicates that such assumptions may not be appropriate. Our purpose was to examine this association (disa...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(03)00201-4
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Individuals who do and do not participate in studies often have different characteristics. The profile of nonparticipants may vary by type of nonparticipation. Few cross-sectional or longitudinal studies of chronically ill individuals identify these differences at baseline and of those that do; many do not h...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.11.002
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to study if randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in rehabilitation (a field where complex interventions prevail) published in main journals include all the details needed to replicate the intervention in clinical practice (clinical replicability). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Forty...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.06.008
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine which factors predict favorable results and positive conclusions in systematic reviews (SRs) and to assess the level of agreement between SR results and conclusions. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:A sample of 296 English SRs indexed in MEDLINE (November, 2004) was obtained. Two investigators independ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2008.08.008
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:High quality harms data are necessary to appropriately assess the balance between benefits and harms of interventions. Little is known, however, about whether perceived methodological shortcomings are associated with lower estimates of harms. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Studies reporting harms associated with ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.02.021
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To test the effect of postal randomization on recruitment of patients into a randomized trial in primary care. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:General practices used a telephone service to randomize patients in our trial. Delays in the start of recruitment at some sites led us to modify the randomization procedure....
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.04.003
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Clinical trials increasingly use results of diagnostic tests as surrogate outcomes. Our objective was to answer the following questions: (1) is the parameter measured by the reference standard a valid surrogate? (2) How does the tests accuracy influence the estimate of the treatment benefit on...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.02.024
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The objective of the study was to identify determinants of external validity of prognostic models. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We systematically searched for studies reporting prognostic models of heart failure (HF) and examined their performance for predicting 30-day death in a cohort of consecutive 3,452 acu...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.01.011
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A patient-administered instrument for dyspepsia and symptoms suggestive of duodenal or gastric ulcer, based on the type of questions asked when taking a patient's history, was developed and tested using the following steps: literature reviews, devising the questions, testing the responses to the questions using factor...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(95)00584-6
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To outline contemporary and novel developments for the presentation and reporting of syntheses of qualitative, implementation, and process evaluation evidence and provide recommendations for the use of reporting guidelines. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:An overview of reporting guidelines for qualitative, implem...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.10.022
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to assess the effects of a multicomponent intervention on private pharmacy practice. From 641 private pharmacies in Hanoi, 68 pharmacies were randomly selected and matched into 34 pairs. Each pair consisted of a control and an intervention pharmacy. Three interventions were applied sequ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(02)00458-4
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:When studying the effects of a non-pharmacologic intervention, the choice of a control group is often difficult. In a study on the effectiveness of increased water intake on voiding dysfunction in elderly men we used an unusual design. This article addresses the internal validty and ethics of this design. ST...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.08.009
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The traditional approach in epidemiology of relating exposure to an environmental agent such as a drug or infective agent has been to measure an overall risk (i.e., average and then "adjust risk for demographic variables and other confounders"). An attempt is sometimes made to define a "susceptible" subgroup. The anal...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(97)00052-8
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Meta-analyses sometimes summarize results in the presence of substantial unexplained between-study heterogeneity. As GRADE criteria highlight, unexplained heterogeneity reduces certainty in the evidence, resulting in limited confidence in average effect estimates. The aim of this paper is to p...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.11.023
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The basic objective of this paper is to evaluate an age-comorbidity index in a cohort of patients who were originally enrolled in a prospective study to identify risk factors for peri-operative complications. Two-hundred and twenty-six patients were enrolled in the study. The participants were patients with hypertensi...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(94)90129-5
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Application of sequential analysis may avoid unnecessary experimentation and achieve economical use of available biomaterial stored in biological banks. When, as often happens in cohort case-controls studies, cases are scarce, it may be possible to use multiple control observations per case to increase the power of a ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(93)90073-a
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to investigate the use of three treatment-effect measures in the analysis of randomized trials using a time-to-event endpoint and assess their influence on the results. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:A recent equivalence trial showed discordant results with the use of different measures....
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.12.010
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Health screening is defined as the use of a test or a series of tests to detect unrecognized health risks or preclinical disease in apparently healthy populations to permit prevention and timely intervention. A health screening strategy consists of the sequence of a screening test, confirmatory test(s), and finally, t...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.09.009
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:There is a growing evidence base on methods to improve response rates in surveys among patients. This study aimed to determine the additional effect of two intensive follow-up procedures compared to a simple follow-up procedure. METHODS:Randomized controlled trial that compared repeated mailin...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.03.002
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:There is considerable actual and potential waste in research. Using evidence-based research (EBR) can ensure the value of a new study. The aim of this article, the third in a series, is to describe an EBR approach to putting research results into context. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:EBR is the us...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.07.021
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To identify characteristics of certifying physicians and the deceased that are associated with errors in death certificate completion in Taiwan, we retrospectively reviewed 4123 systematically sampled death certificates issued in 1994. Multivariate analyses were used to assess the associations of various characteristi...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(00)00299-7
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare methods commonly used to derive minimal important differences and recommend a rule for defining patients as clinically improved on the low back pain-specific Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). METHODS:447 primary care low back pain consulters completed a questionnaire at consultation a...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.03.018
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reports on the development and validation of the Italian SF-36 Health Survey using data from seven studies in which an Italian version of the SF-36 was administered to more than 7000 subjects between 1991 and 1995. Empirical findings from a wide array of studies and diseases indicate that the performance ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00094-8
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Adding risk factors to a prediction model often increases the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) only slightly, particularly when the AUC of the model was already high. We investigated whether a risk factor that minimally improves the AUC may nevertheless improve the predictive abili...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.07.002
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess differences between three different decision-making approaches in the method of panel diagnosis as reference standard in diagnostic research. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Within a diagnostic study, the prevalence of heart failure (HF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was compared using...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.09.020
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
