Abstract:
:During the past few years, an increasing set of evidence has supported the major role of deregulation of the interaction patterns between glial cells and neurons in the pathway toward neuronal degeneration. Neurons and glial cells, together with brain vessels, constitute an integrated system for brain function. Inflammation is a process related with the onset of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several hypotheses have been postulated to explain the pathogenesis of AD, but none provides insight into the early events that trigger metabolic and cellular alterations in neuronal degeneration. The amyloid hypothesis was sustained on the basis that Abeta-peptide deposition into senile plaques is responsible for neurodegeneration. However, recent findings point to Abeta oligomers as responsible for synaptic impairment in neuronal degeneration. Amyloid is only one among many other major factors affecting the quality of neuronal cells. Another explanation derives from the tau hypothesis, supported by the observations that tau hyperphosphorylations constitute a common feature of most of the altered signaling pathways in degenerating neurons. Altered tau patterns have been detected in the cerebrospinal fluids of AD patients, and a close correlation was observed between the levels of hyperphosphorylated tau isoforms and the degree of cognitive impairment. On the other hand, the anomalous effects of cytokines and trophic factors share in common the activation of tau hyperphosphorylation patterns. In this context, a neuroimmunological approach to AD becomes relevant. When glial cells that normally provide neurotrophic factors essential for neurogenesis are activated by a set of stressing events, they overproduce cytokines and NGF, thus triggering altered signaling patterns in the etiopathogenesis of AD. A solid set of discoveries has strengthened the idea that altered patterns in the glia-neuron interactions constitute early molecular events within the cascade of cellular signals that lead to neurodegeneration in AD. A direct correlation has been established between the Abeta-induced neurodegeneration and cytokine production and its subsequent release. In effect, neuroinflammation is responsible for an abnormal secretion of proinflammatory cytokines that trigger signaling pathways that activate brain tau hyperphosphorylation in residues that are not modified under normal physiological conditions. Other cytokines such as IL-3 and TNF-alpha seem to display neuroprotective activities. Elucidation of the events that control the transitions from neuroprotection to neurodegeneration should be a critical point toward elucidation of AD pathogenesis.
journal_name
Arch Med Resjournal_title
Archives of medical researchauthors
Rojo LE,Fernández JA,Maccioni AA,Jimenez JM,Maccioni RBdoi
10.1016/j.arcmed.2007.10.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-16issue
1eissn
0188-4409issn
1873-5487pii
S0188-4409(07)00326-8journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The myosin heavy chain gene A, mhcA, from E. histolytica was identified by polymerase chain reaction. There is only one copy of this gene on the ameba genome. The mhcA gene encodes a 6 kb messenger RNA. The predicted protein sequence is homologous to myosin II from both, Dictyostelium discoideum and Acanthamoeba caste...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:Oxalobacter formigenes is an intestinal bacterium that utilizes oxalate as the only source of energy. It has been suggested that the lack of colonization with this organism may be a risk factor for calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Because this problem was not investigated in pediatric stone formers, we ...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2009.05.004
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:The risks of insulin resistance and accelerated atherosclerosis are increased in chronic inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Adipo-(cyto)kines are associated with insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and inflammation. This study aimed to determine serum adiponectin and vaspin l...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2010.08.012
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Behcet's disease (BD) is a multisystem disorder characterized by a relapsing inflammatory process of unknown etiology. It is well known that atherothrombosis in systemic inflammatory disorders is closely related to coagulation and lipid metabolism abnormalities. The purpose of this study was to investigate s...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2005.03.019
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common cancers in developing countries. The aim of the study was to determine the association between serum CD26 concentration and outcome of patients with ESCC. METHODS:A total of 183 patients with ESCC and 254 healthy controls were selected. Blo...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2016.07.005
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Growth deficits are common in children with sickle cell disease. Few prospective studies are available and the pathophysiologic basis for the impaired growth is not clearly understood. Our objectives were to collect data on anthropomorphic measurements of children with sickle cell disease prospectively follo...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0188-4409(01)00360-5
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is one of the most common neurocutaneous syndromes characterized by development of adult neurofibromas which is mainly made up of Schwann cells. The disease is generally accepted to be caused by inactivation mutation of Nf1 gene. And Nf1 deficiency had been reported to...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2017.11.014
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The paper analyzed the impact of war, the most pernicious of social evils, taking into consideration intensity of change in rate of suicide in the southwestern region of Croatia during the war and including three distinctly specific intervals, two peacetime-one pre-war (1986-1990) and one post-war (1996-2000...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2004.03.001
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The human multidrug-resistant gene (MDR1) encodes P-glycoprotein (Pgp), a membrane-bound efflux transporter conferring resistance to a number of natural cytotoxic drugs and potentially toxic xenobiotics. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MDR1 gene are associated with phenotypic variation in Pgp expre...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2007.02.005
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Because lymphocytes from fragile X patients have been reported as hypersensitive to bleomycin-induced chromatid breaks and because the number of trinucleotide repeats in families with fragile X syndrome has a propensity to expand, we have investigated the possibility that fragile X cells may be hypersensitiv...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0188-4409(01)00376-9
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Previous published data have implicated TP53 codon 72 polymorphisms as risk factors for various cancers. Growing bodies of studies have been conducted on the association of TP53 codon 72 polymorphisms with susceptibility to oral carcinoma and have yielded inconclusive results. The aim of the present...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2009.09.004
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolic syndrome (MetS) should be considered a clinical entity when its different symptoms share a common etiology: obesity/insulin resistance as a result of a multi-organ dysfunction. The main interest in treating MetS as a clinical entity is that the addition of its components drastically increases the risk of ath...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2015.05.007
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:We tested the effects of recombinant insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in an adipocyte model of HIV lipodystrophy and in an open label study on body composition and metabolism in patients with HIV lipodystrophy. METHODS:The effects of IGF-I on ritonavir-induced adipocyte cell death were studied ...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2013.06.001
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Streptococcus pneumoniae constitutes one of the main causes of sepsis, bacteremia and meningitis (pneumococcal invasive disease - PID), and pneumonia in infants and small children. Antipneumococcal vaccination in Mexico is expected to be a useful strategy to reduce morbimortality due to this cause. ...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2012.12.005
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although the role of cytokines in the development of Hashimoto's thyroiditis has already been established, its pathogenesis has not yet been clearly elucidated. The aim of our study was to investigate serum transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) levels in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis as well a...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2007.12.001
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We assessed the auditory function of 94 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 94 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. METHODS:To study the influence of the clinical characteristics of the disease on the auditory function, after a clinical interview with ophthalmological assessment, subjects were eval...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2005.02.002
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recently, the Expert Committee of the American Diabetes Association proposed to decrease the lower limit for normal fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels to 5.6 mmol/L. In this regard, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of lowering the criterion for normal FPG on the identification of subjects w...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2005.05.010
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several clinical conditions suggest an effect of sex steroids on glucose homeostasis in women. Studies examining this phenomenon have yielded controversial results. METHODS:To investigate the effect of the menstrual cycle on insulin sensitivity, glucose effectiveness and acute insulin response to glucose us...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0188-0128(98)00008-6
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:An increasing number of studies have been published concerning meeting targets of clinical guidelines for different aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of patients with end-stage renal disease. Most of these studies have shown that guideline recommendations are not always satisfied, and results o...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2013.01.008
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The frequency of neurologic manifestations of the central nervous system (CNS) as a defining disease of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (neurologic manifestation defining disease [NMDD-AIDS]) varies according to geographic region. The aim of this study was to determine its prevalence among patients...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2003.07.004
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many studies indicate that the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) may initiate the cascade of cellular injury. It has been demonstrated that ozone oxidative preconditioning (OzoneOP) may prevent the damage induced by ROS and attenuate renal I/R injury. On the b...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2007.09.005
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes mellitus type II, a cause of preclinical left ventricular dysfunction that can progress to cardiac insufficiency ventricular dysfunction in diabetic patients, is attributed to systemic arterial hypertension, or ischemic cardiopathy. Diastolic ventricular dysfunction takes place during the course of diabetes m...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0188-4409(00)00264-2
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:We undertook this study to assess the effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (administered at ≥2.7 g/day) for a minimum duration of 3 months on clinical outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS:The authors surveyed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examine...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2012.06.011
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies have reported vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis (MS); however, the results remain contradictory. This study aimed to investigate the association between VDR polymorphisms and the risk of MS. METHODS:PubMed and Embase databases were searched to obtain eligible stud...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.10.007
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The function of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is to maintain serum calcium concentration within a narrow physiological range. Two types of mutations have been described: activating that causes hypocalcemia and inactivating, which leads to hypercalcemia. The objective was to assess the effect of CaSR ge...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2005.11.009
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:In Brazil, sickle cell anemia (SCA) is one of the most common genetic disorders. The levels of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) may be influenced by the presence of genetic modifiers; among these are the β(S)-globin haplotypes, associated with the clinical heterogeneity presented by the disease. Patients with...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2012.08.014
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amebic liver abscess (ALA) is associated with a state of transient suppression of cell-mediated immunity (CMI). T4 helper-inducer cell number is reported to be reduced. However, little is known of the reason for such reduction. Adenosine deaminase (ADA), an enzyme of salvage pathway in purine metabolism, is reported t...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A recent revelation about increased susceptibility to HIV by use of nonoxynol-9 (N-9) has called for identification of novel molecules with potent sperm-attenuating activity and lower side-effect profile, as suitable alternatives. The present study was designed to investigate spermicidal activity in Bohadsch...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2008.06.007
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-risk-type human papillomavirus DNA sequences are found in a high percentage of carcinomas from the uterine-cervix, with the viral E1-E2 gene region usually disrupted and the E6 and E7 oncoproteins consistently expressed. The E2 protein is known to repress early transcription from genital HPV promoters having a pr...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies of breast cancer etiology suggest evidence that night shift working and occupational exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) are defined risk factors for breast cancer development. There are few studies to clarify neuroendocrine and inflammatory status and the possible consequences particularly in occupa...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.10.001
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00