Abstract:
BACKGROUND:A recent revelation about increased susceptibility to HIV by use of nonoxynol-9 (N-9) has called for identification of novel molecules with potent sperm-attenuating activity and lower side-effect profile, as suitable alternatives. The present study was designed to investigate spermicidal activity in Bohadschia vitiensis whole-body extracts followed by isolation and characterization of bioactive molecule. METHODS:Bohadschia vitiensis (Semper) was collected from the Southern Andaman coast of India. Freshly collected marine animals were extracted with methanol. A portion of the crude extract was fractionated into four fractions by macerating with hexane, chloroform, and n-butanol successively. All fractions were evaluated for spermicidal activity. Because maximum activity was localized in the n-butanol soluble fraction, it was chromatographed over a silica gel column, and elution with chloroform-methanol-water (35:10:2, v/v) yielded the major compound bivittoside D (400 mg). Bivittoside D [molecular weight (MW) 1426] is a lanostane triterpenoid with six monosaccharide units. The structure of the compound was established on the basis of physicochemical data, acid hydrolysis of saponin, identification of sugar units and aglycon, melting point, and by comparison with data reported in the literature. RESULTS:The aqueous methanol extract of the Bohadschia vitiensis caused 100% mortality of human sperm at 0.01% concentration in vitro, whereas N-9 (reference control) exhibited an equivalent activity at 0.05%. On further fractionation, activity was localized in n-butanol soluble fraction from which the major compound purified was a lanostane triterpenoid called bivittoside D. Bivittoside D was found to be a more potent spermicide (approximately 2.3 times) than N-9 and killed 100% human sperm at the concentration of 350 muM in approximately 20 sec in vitro. Supravital staining and hypoosmotic swelling test revealed sperm membrane permeabilization by bivittoside D as the major mode of spermicidal action. However, bivittoside D was much safer than N-9 towards normal vaginal flora (Lactobacillus) in vitro, although it affected the viability of HeLa cells like other surfactants. CONCLUSION:Bivittoside D from B. vitiensis can adequately replace N-9 in vaginal contraceptives to make them more vaginally safe and ecofriendly.
journal_name
Arch Med Resjournal_title
Archives of medical researchauthors
Lakshmi V,Saxena A,Mishra SK,Raghubir R,Srivastava MN,Jain RK,Maikhuri JP,Gupta Gdoi
10.1016/j.arcmed.2008.06.007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-10-01 00:00:00pages
631-8issue
7eissn
0188-4409issn
1873-5487pii
S0188-4409(08)00174-4journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Immunity in leishmaniasis is mediated by T cells, but protective responses in humans have not been fully defined. In this study, the functional activity of CD4+ T cell clones derived from an immune individual was investigated to identify potentially protective responses. The T cells proliferated and produced interfero...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Previous studies investigated the impact of miR-423 rs6505162 C>A polymorphism on individual susceptibility to risk, but the conclusions are still controversial and inconclusive. We performed a meta-analysis to get a more precise and comprehensive assessment of the association between miR-423 rs6505...
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pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been shown to improve the clinical status and survival in congestive heart failure (CHF) patients, but little is known about its influence on neurohormonal profile. METHODS:Heart failure patients treated with CRT for moderate/severe heart failure were studied with...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2008.07.004
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abstract::Gene therapy holds great promise. Somatic gene therapy has the potential to treat a wide range of disorders, including inherited conditions, cancers, and infectious diseases. Early progress has already been made in the treatment of a range of disorders. Ethical issues surrounding somatic gene therapy are primarily tho...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0188-4409(03)00070-5
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abstract::Clinical research in Internal Medicine has provided many scientific advances during the past few years. However, the newly generated information overrides the time available to read all of the medical literature regarding advances in Internal Medicine. The goal of this review is to summarize some of the most relevant ...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated the attachment, chemoattractive, proliferative and mineralization inductive potential of a bovine cementum extract (CPE) on newborn murine dental follicle cells (MDFC) in vitro. Cementum extract was partially purified by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. A band representing an M(r) of 55,000 was exci...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
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doi:
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an important regulator of angiogenesis and vascular permeability, is involved in various steps of many malignancies. Gene polymorphisms within the gene encoding VEGF have been shown to be independently associated with an adverse outcome in various malignancies inclu...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
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doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2009.07.011
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journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2004.10.003
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) plays an important role as a pro-inflammatory cytokine that regulates inflammation in various diseases. We hypothesized that hemin might reduce HMGB1 release through the induction of HO-1 in UVB-induced HaCaTs. METHODS:The effects of hemin on the release of HMGB1 i...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2017.10.007
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2018.08.007
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journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The benefits of a special stroke care unit (SSCU) over a non-specialized stroke care unit (NSSCU) is well documented in the literature. However, there are concerns that the benefits seen in the SSCU do not consider clinical risk factors that affect thrombolysis therapy. METHOD:Retrospective data were collec...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
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doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.01.002
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Thymectomy is considered the most effective treatment for achieving sustained improvement as well as remission in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG), and most neurologists favor the use of this procedure. The main focus of many current studies is to determine response-predicting factors. METHODS:Clinical ...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0188-4409(02)00405-8
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2003.08.007
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2015.03.004
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2011.10.003
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common cancers in developing countries. The aim of the study was to determine the association between serum CD26 concentration and outcome of patients with ESCC. METHODS:A total of 183 patients with ESCC and 254 healthy controls were selected. Blo...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2016.07.005
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of death in Mexico. Atherogenic lipid profile is a key component in AMI. Thus, it is imperative to find drug therapies able to reduce atherogenic lipids in AMI patients and prevent subsequent myocardial infarctions. AIM OF THE STUDY:To investigate the eff...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
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journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2006.11.003
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
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更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of the present study was to determine whether newborn birth weights were associated with insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), zinc, and leptin in preeclamptic and normotensive pregnancies. METHODS:This study was done cross-sectionally and included 15 women with moderate preeclampsia (PE group) and ...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0188-4409(01)00364-2
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although the role of cytokines in the development of Hashimoto's thyroiditis has already been established, its pathogenesis has not yet been clearly elucidated. The aim of our study was to investigate serum transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) levels in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis as well a...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2007.12.001
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We undertook this study to compare the effectiveness and safety of antenatal daily and weekly supplementation with iron, folic acid, and vitamin B(12) in healthy, pregnant women who were not anemic at gestational week 20. METHODS:Women with singleton pregnancies and blood hemoglobin (Hb) >115 g/L at gestati...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2005.11.011
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) is a major worldwide cause of death by cancer, it shows high aggressiveness, functional decline, systemic compromise and severe cachexia, which might be counteracted by dietary redox-active phytochemicals. Therefore, our aim was to establish the anticancer effects of the oral intake...
journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.11.006
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2009.04.009
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0188-4409(00)00272-1
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