Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To establish the role of patient characteristics in estimating doses of digoxin for neonates using routine therapeutic drug monitoring data. METHOD:The steady-state blood level data (n = 129) after repetitive oral administration in 71 hospitalized neonates were analysed using Nonlinear Mixed Effects Modelling (nonmem), a computer program designed for analysing drug pharmacokinetics in study populations through pooling of data. Analysis of the pharmacokinetics of digoxin was accomplished using a one-compartment open pharmacokinetic model. The effect of a variety of developmental and demographic factors on digoxin disposition was investigated. RESULTS:Estimates generated by nonmem indicated that the clearance of digoxin (CL/F; L/h) was influenced by the demographic variables: total body weight (TBW), gestational age (GA) and neonate clearance factor (trough serum concentration of digoxin; Conc). These influences could be modelled by the equation CL/F = 0.0261 x TBW (kg)0.645 x Conc (ng/mL)(-0.724) x GA (weeks)0.8. The interindividual variability in digoxin clearance was modelled with proportional errors. The estimated coefficient of variation was 7.0%, and the residual variability was 13.1%. CONCLUSION:Clinical application of the model to patient care may permit selection of an appropriate initial maintenance dose, thus enabling the clinician to achieve the desired therapeutic effect. However, the digoxin dosage regimen for the individual patient should be based on a careful appraisal of their clinical need for the drug.
journal_name
J Clin Pharm Therjournal_title
Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeuticsauthors
Yukawa E,Akiyama K,Suematsu F,Yukawa M,Minemoto Mdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2710.2007.00833.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-08-01 00:00:00pages
381-6issue
4eissn
0269-4727issn
1365-2710pii
JCP833journal_volume
32pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine the effects of temperature on binding characteristics of phenytoin to serum proteins in paediatric patients with epilepsy. METHOD:Serum samples examined in the study were obtained from 41 paediatric patients (23 male, 18 female) with epilepsy on phenytoin monotherapy. Their age ranged from 1 to...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.2001.00340.x
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:SB5 is a biosimilar to the reference adalimumab (ADL) currently in development. The primary study objective was to demonstrate pharmacokinetic (PK) equivalence of SB5 to European Union-sourced adalimumab (EU-ADL), and United States-sourced adalimumab (US-ADL) in healthy subjects. Safety, tol...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:The complexity and diversity of irritable bowel syndrome's (IBS) presentation make treatment difficult. Although there are reviews and guidelines for treating IBS, they focus on the efficacy of medications for IBS symptoms using high-priority endpoints, leaving those of lower priority largel...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2010.01177.x
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Clinical use of fluconazole against fungal infections in renal transplant patients is complicated by the potentially marked and unpredictable drug-drug interactions (DDIs). We report a case of tacrolimus-fluconazole DDI in a stable renal transplant recipient and describe the mechanism, magni...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/jcpt.13075
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:To assess the equivalent efficacy of two or more treatments, clinical relevance must be adequately established, but there appears to be some confusion between clinical relevance and differences in absolute risk reduction or effect size, which quantifies the size of the difference between two...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12243
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:The most common complication of heparin therapy is bleeding. Allergic reactions to heparin are rare, and the mechanisms are poorly understood. We report on a case of acute systemic reaction after subcutaneous injections of a low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in a patient with a genetic pre...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2012.01360.x
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Enteric-coated, delayed-release divalproex sodium requires multiple daily administrations and high adherence rate to prevent breakthrough seizures and control adverse effects. We evaluated the effect of missing one or two doses of divalproex for up to 24 h, followed by replacement and resumptio...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2006.00739.x
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Current guidelines recommend a combination of clopidogrel and aspirin for management of patients who have experienced an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Additional antiplatelet agents have been recently approved. Few comparative effectiveness studies are available for these new agents. Accord...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12209
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lactic acidosis is a rare, yet life-threatening adverse drug effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), specifically stavudine and lamivudine. These nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are commonly used to treat patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HI...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.00977.x
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevailing major theory of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is that insoluble amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) found in the cerebral plaques characteristic of the disease is causative or is at least a contributing factor. According to this theory, inhibition of aberrant Abeta production should prevent or at least limit the ex...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.2002.00415.x
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To find out in child abusing mothers whether aggressiveness in general, but which is directed towards their children in particular, could be reduced by giving lithium. METHOD:An open trial of lithium in eight child-abusing mothers. Assessment of aggression using Yudofsky's Overt Aggression Scale. RESULTS:Th...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.2001.00357.x
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:A descriptive study of national sales data from Sweden to find out the effect of over-the-counter (OTC) switches on total sales of a number of drugs. During the period 1980-94, 16 drugs were changed from prescription only (Rx) status to the Swedish OTC market. Total sales increased for 14 out of these 16 drug...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1996.tb00042.x
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Rutoside (rutin; quercetin rutinoside) is a glycoside found in various plant products, including apples, citrus fruits and cranberries. Hydroxyethylrutosides (HR) are semisynthetic derivatives sold as standardized products for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Commercially...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12247
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:There is much controversy over how angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) affect blood uric acid levels. Though ARB is not used to lorcwer the uric acid concentration in the blood, losartan, one of the ARB series, is known to reduce the uric...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.13202
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Information about the pharmacokinetics of digoxin in paediatric patients is limited. We therefore aimed to investigate the effects of physiological factors on the digoxin clearance in Japanese paediatric patients. METHOD:We used routinely collected therapeutic drug monitoring data (n=544), de...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.1999.00221.x
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:A population analysis of the kinetics of valproic acid (VPA) in children with epilepsy was performed in order to characterize the covariates which influence VPA clearance (CL). METHODS:A total of 770 steady-state serum concentration samples was analysed. These were collected during VPA therapy from 255 child...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.1999.00202.x
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, the serum vitamin E (total tocopherol) levels in patients with breast cancer (n = 100) and healthy controls (n = 70) were measured. The mean values for vitamin E were found to be 0.44 mg/100 ml in breast cancer patients and 1.108 mg/100 ml in controls. In the statistical evaluation, the vitamin E levels...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1995.tb00645.x
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caffeine elimination was studied in 73 patients admitted to an intensive care unit, 33 of whom had liver disease. Mean plasma clearance of caffeine in patients with no liver disease (1.30 +/- 0.79 ml/kg/min) was significantly higher than in patients with liver disease (0.39 +/- 0.23 ml/kg/min). Mean half-life of caffe...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1995.tb00621.x
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sensitive and specific high performance liquid chromatographic method (HPLC) was developed for measuring dopamine (DA) in human plasma samples. Dihydroxybenzylamine (DHBA) was employed as an internal standard. Following solvent extraction and separation on a C18 ion-pairing reversed phase column, the drug was detect...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1996.tb00017.x
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parenterals, sterile preparations intended to be injected in man or animal, should be free from pyrogenic substances which are able to raise the thermostatic setting in the hypothalamus. This article gives an up-to-date review of the principal detection and quantification methods for these agents, with special attenti...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1987.tb00531.x
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined a total of 192 samples, including eight different brands of shaving cream and eight brands of shampoo, for their total aerobic bacterial, coliforms and fungal counts. Shaving creams were more heavily contaminated with bacteria than shampoos. Viable bacterial were not recovered from 57% and 10% of shampoos ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1989.tb00218.x
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to elucidate the pharmacokinetics of erlotinib in Japanese patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to investigate the relationship between erlotinib exposure and the occurrence of interstitial lung disease (ILD)-like events. METHODS:Population pharmaco...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12232
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN:The increased risk of cardiovascular events in diabetic patients has been related to numerous metabolic and haemoreological factors. Some of these factors appear to be particularly evident during the post-prandial phases and to be related to peak plasma glucose level. AIM:To compare the effect of additio...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2009.01132.x
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Computerized physician order entry (CPOE) systems reduce medical errors (MEs). Nevertheless, a CPOE system may also lead to new types of errors, especially when it is first implemented. The objectives of this study were to determine the impact of a CPOE on the number of MEs and to identify t...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12305
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Assessment of mean 24 h oestradiol (E2) and oestrone (E1) concentration and basic FSH secretion in postmenopausal asthmatic women, before and after HRT use, and to identify any connections between changes in hormone concentrations and patients' clinical state. SUBJECTS:Postmenopausal women (55 asthmatic and...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.2000.00310.x
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the usefulness of intervention in drug interactions of antiretroviral drugs with coadministered agents by a clinical pharmacist in outpatient HIV-treatment. METHODS:The study design included two intervention arms (A and B), which were both preceded by a control observation period. In arm A, a com...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2003.00541.x
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the influence of levodopa on swallowing dysfunction in Parkinson's disease patients. METHODS:A systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis were performed. All studies referring to levodopa and swallowing dysfunction that provided direct data or data that could be transformed into mean +...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2009.01031.x
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood ribavirin concentration was monitored after the administration of high-dose oral ribavirin in a case of adenovirus-induced haemorrhagic cystitis post-stem-cell transplantation. Combination use of intravenous gamma immunoglobulin (15 g/3 days) and high-dose ribavirin (RBV; 9000 mg/4 days) provided plasma ribaviri...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.00874.x
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a leading cause of death. Correct implementation of evidence-based guidelines should improve outcome. We conducted this study to determine to what extent management of ACS in a tertiary care medical ward in Sri Lanka adhered to current guidelines. STUDY METHOD...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2009.01115.x
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN:The neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are at the highest risk of drug dose error of all hospital wards. NICUs also have the most complicated prescription modalities. The computerization of the prescription process is currently recommended to decrease the risk of preventable adverse drug effects (pADEs...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12474
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00