T-cell receptor and T-cell-resistant virus variants.

abstract：:Cellular entry of HIV-1 is mediated by interaction with CD4 and chemokine receptors that serve as entry coreceptors. The immune response against HIV-1 is regulated by genes of the HLA locus. Genetic polymorphisms in these genes have recently been associated with effects on HIV-1 pathogenesis. The history and implicati...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Michael NL

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Innate immune perception is the first line of inducible defense against invading pathogens. Plants lack specialized circulating immune cells. Therefore, diverse cell types are able to recognize and respond to pathogens. Surface-localized and intracellular plant innate immune receptors are capable of recognizing divers...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Lolle S,Stevens D,Coaker G

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Self-antigen-MHC complexes expressed by thymic stromal cells serve as ligands for TCR-mediated positive and negative selection, resulting in a self-MHC-restricted, self-tolerant T cell repertoire. It has recently become apparent that thymic stromal cells differ in their accessibility to antigen as well as their abilit...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Klein L,Kyewski B

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The canonical NF-κB pathway instructs the expression of inflammatory genes by the RelA:p50 transcription factor in response to diverse cell-activating stimuli. However, this mainstay RelA:p50 transcriptional output must also be curated so as to provide for stimulus-type-specific and cell-type-specific inflammatory res...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Chawla M,Roy P,Basak S

更新日期：2020-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Type I diabetes has resisted direct genetic analysis in humans but two excellent models of disease in rodents provide a more readily manipulated alternative for study. These rodent models are being used successfully to localize the genes that are involved in disease pathogenesis in preparation for positional cloning. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： McDuffie M

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is initially identified by its ability to support the growth and differentiation of activated B cells, overexpression of IL-5 significantly increases eosinophil numbers and antibody levels predominantly from an expanded population of B-1 cells in vivo. Conversely, mice lacking a functional g...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Takatsu K,Nakajima H

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The past year has seen the publication of significant new findings on the regulation of CD23 expression, the precise interaction of CD23 with CD21 and its functional consequences. Moreover, new advances have been made in unravelling the biochemical network of events downstream from the triggering of CD23 in human B ce...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Bonnefoy JY,Lecoanet-Henchoz S,Aubry JP,Gauchat JF,Graber P

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The extent of airway remodeling correlates with severity of asthma. Persistent airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is associated with airway remodeling, but not with inflammation. The increase in ASM mass is recognized as one of the most important factors related to AHR and to the severity of asthma. The infiltration of ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Okayama Y,Ra C,Saito H

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:V(D)J recombination not only comprises the molecular mechanism that insures diversity of the immune system but also constitutes a critical checkpoint in the developmental program of B and T lymphocytes. The analysis of human patients with severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) has enabled (and will enable in the fut...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： de Villartay JP,Poinsignon C,de Chasseval R,Buck D,Le Guyader G,Villey I

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antimicrobials represent a broad class of chemicals with the intended purpose of eliminating or controlling the growth of harmful microorganisms. Exposure can occur occupationally or through the use or consumption of consumer products. The use of antimicrobial agents has been associated with an increased incidence of ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Anderson SE,Weatherly L,Shane HL

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Conceptually, a universal influenza vaccine should elicit broadly protective antibody responses targeting highly conserved epitope(s) shared by various virus strains. Strategically directing antibody immunity to the conserved hemagglutinin stalk has recently emerged as a promising approach that is substantiated by the...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Zhao C,Xu J

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vascular endothelial cells participate in the process of allograft rejection by promoting both the recruitment and the activation of alloreactive T cells. There have been three major recent advances in the field of interactions between T cells and endothelial cells that are of direct relevance to the process of cell-m...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Briscoe DM,Alexander SI,Lichtman AH

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The eosinophil is regarded as a key mediator of the pathology and abnormal physiology of bronchial asthma. Current investigations are directed at understanding how eosinophils are attracted into the respiratory tract and how they bring about the abnormalities characteristic of this disease. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Seminario MC,Gleich GJ

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T cell antigen receptor-induced signals are required for normal T cell development and function. Recent studies have investigated the mechanism(s) by which signals of different strengths are converted into distinct cellular fates during thymocyte development. These studies indicate the importance of the strength and d...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Love PE,Chan AC

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent research has made great strides in uncovering the mechanisms by which the T helper 1 (Th1) cell gene expression program is established. In particular, studies examining the transcription factors T-bet, STAT1, and STAT4 have elucidated their roles in regulating Th1 signature genes, including Ifng, and have start...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Oestreich KJ,Weinmann AS

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intimate interactions between multipotential hemopoietic stem cells and their microenvironment work towards redefining the identity and the differentiative fate of these primitive cells. Molecular cues delivered by the microenvironment frequently act in an instructive fashion by initiating intracellular signaling path...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Georgopoulos K

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nuclear factor κ enhancer binding protein (NF-κB) family of transcription factors regulates the expression of a large array of genes involved in diverse cellular processes including inflammation, immunity and cell survival. Activation of NF-κB requires ubiquitination, a highly conserved and versatile modification ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Chen J,Chen ZJ

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in mass spectrometry technology have facilitated detailed examination of MHC-II immunopeptidomes, for example the repertoires of peptides bound to MHC-II molecules expressed in antigen presenting cells. These studies have deepened our view of MHC-II presentation. Other studies have broadened our view o...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Stern LJ,Santambrogio L

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Suppressor T cells down-regulate the activity of other cells in the immune system, and, albeit controversial, are believed to play a role in immunological tolerance and immunoregulation. Significant progress has been made in characterizing suppressor T cells and their receptors, and in elucidating mechanisms of immuno...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Murphy DB

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Until very recently, the function of CD14 was thought to be limited to innate immune responses to bacterial and other microbial structures. It is now known that macrophage CD14 serves an additional unexpected function, namely as a receptor involved in the recognition and phagocytosis of cells undergoing apoptosis. In ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Gregory CD

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although autoantigen-induced negative selection plays an important role in shaping the mature B-cell repertoire, studies in recent years have suggested that differentiation into any of the three mature B-cell subsets (marginal zone B cells, follicular B cells and B-1 B cells) is not a passive product of autoreactive B...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Wang H,Clarke SH

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While mutations in human FOXP3 predispose individuals to autoimmune conditions, it is unclear how the mutant protein fails to function as a transcriptional regulator. There is also limited detail of how FOXP3 itself interacts with the transcriptional machinery and which components of the FOXP3 ensembles exert phenotyp...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Li B,Saouaf SJ,Samanta A,Shen Y,Hancock WW,Greene MI

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The strong genetic association of ERAP1 (endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1) with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), which is restricted to HLA-B27 positive cases, has profound pathogenetic implications. ERAP1 is involved in trimming peptides to optimal length for binding to HLA class 1 molecules, thereby not only affec...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Keidel S,Chen L,Pointon J,Wordsworth P

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cardinal signs of inflammation suggest a close connection between the nervous system and the immune system. However, the cellular and molecular basis of these interactions remains incompletely defined. Recent research has demonstrated that tissue-resident innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) obtain neuronal signals, parti...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Klose CS,Artis D

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the first week after sexual exposure to HIV, HIV infection does not appear to trigger a strong innate immune response. Here we describe some recent studies that show that HIV may avoid triggering antiviral innate immune responses by not replicating efficiently in dendritic cells and by avoiding detection in inf...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Yan N,Lieberman J

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD8 T cell differentiation is a tightly regulated process generating effector and memory T cells over the course of acute infections. In cancer and chronic infection, this differentiation program is derailed, and antigen-specific CD8 T cells differentiate to a hyporesponsive state generally referred to as T cell exhau...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Philip M,Schietinger A

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health problem. There are >350 million of people chronically infected with this virus worldwide. Hepatitis B vaccines are effective in preventing the infection. Humoral immunity is the key factor in conferring the protection. Hepatitis B surface antibody titers of ≥10mIU/m...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Huang LM,Lu CY,Chen DS

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulatory T (Treg) cells suppress effector T (Teff) cells and prevent immune-mediated rejection of cancer. Much less appreciated are mechanisms by which Teff cells antagonize Treg cells. Herein, we consider how complex reciprocal interactions between Teff and Treg cells shape their population dynamics within tumors. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Roychoudhuri R,Eil RL,Restifo NP

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A major problem in the analysis of vaccine candidates is the lack of any agreed upon surrogates of efficacy, which means that for diseases that depend on a strong T cell response (HIV, TB especially) the only option is to perform an efficacy trial, involving thousands of subjects, enormous costs, and years before the ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Davis MM

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cells (DCs) with their potent antigen presenting ability are long considered as critical factor in antitumor immunity. Despite high potential in promoting antitumor responses, tumor-associated DCs are largely defective in their functional activity and can contribute to immune suppression in cancer. In recent...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Veglia F,Gabrilovich DI

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00