Resident training in microbiology.

abstract：:Severe adverse drug reactions are a common cause of morbidity and mortality. Some of the most severe reactions are immunologically mediated and have been linked to specific HLA alleles. The mechanisms underlying HLA-associated drug hypersensitivity are complex and not fully understood. Recent findings have provided in...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Schutte RJ,Sun Y,Li D,Zhang F,Ostrov DA

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN), which are present at birth or appear shortly thereafter, and their main histologic features. Several histologic variants and histopathologic criteria that differentiate CMN from other nevi, such as atypical or dysplastic nevi, and from nevoid malignant melanoma, ...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Zayour M,Lazova R

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is the diagnostic procedure of choice for evaluation of liver lesions. Although primarily applied to malignant disease, it is also used in the evaluation of benign conditions. Improvements in imaging techniques and advances in cytologic interpretations, as well as production of new...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Pitman MB

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Routine biochemical tests generally include serum enzymes, proteins, and other markers useful for identifying hepatobiliary disease in dogs and cats. Obtaining results outside the reference intervals can occur with direct hepatocellular injury, enzyme induction by hepatocytes or biliary epithelium, or decreased hepati...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Chapman SE,Hostutler RA

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are multiple levels of transcriptional regulation that a cell can bring to bear on either native cellular genes or integrated proviral genes. One such level of regulation is inducible sequence-specific transcriptional factors, such as NF-kappa B, which have been extensively investigated with respect to the HIV-1...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Laughlin MA,Pomerantz RJ

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent development and clinical implementation of genomic microarrays has resulted in rapid and significant changes for postnatal studies in the field of cytogenetics. This article discusses the benefits and issues for the use of microarrays for prenatal genetic diagnosis. It includes sections on specimen processi...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Lamb AN

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Simple, inexpensive procedures for rapid identification of the common bacterial pathogens are outlined in detail. When the tests are judiciously applied, most isolates can be identified within minutes or hours, and strains that require more extensive testing for accurate identification will be recognized. ...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Barry AL

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development and adaptation of synthetic substrates has introduced new concepts and methodologies to the coagulation laboratory. Synthetic substrates offer potentially improved standardization over conventional testing, providing a rapid, sensitive, and specific way to measure enzymes directly. ...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Musgrave KA,Triplett DA

更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Osteoporosis (low bone mass) depends on the peak bone mass attained and bone loss after the peak. Sex steroids (estrogens and androgens) have an impact on both processes. In this article the roles and mechanisms of estrogens and androgens are discussed in relation to clinical osteoporosis. Other hormones and hormone-l...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Adler RA

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The subject of this article is privacy and its relationship to the activities of health care organizations. Privacy is a good quality that each individual may possess. The quality of an individual's privacy is a personal determination. Although everyday life requires that we attempt to understand and protect the priva...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Essin DJ

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is growing evidence supporting the genetic variability outside of HLA system that is contributing to the variation in transplant outcomes. Determining novel predictors could help to identify patients at risk and tailor their immunosuppressive regimens. This article discusses the various single nucleotide polymor...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Jindra PT,Cusick MF

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The coccidians Cryptosporidium spp, Cyclospora cayetanensis, and Cystoisospora belli and the flagellate Giardia duodenalis are pathogenic protozoa associated with gastrointestinal manifestations. Diagnosis relies heavily on microscopy, and although ova-and-parasite examinations can detect Giardia and Cystoisospora, Cr...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Cama VA,Mathison BA

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flow cytometry immunophenotyping of the hematopoietic cells from the bone marrow can help with diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of chronic myeloid neoplasms. Unlike with B-cell neoplasms, there is no simple phenotypic test to substitute for clonality. Therefore, antigen panels to evaluate myeloid neoplasms are larger...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Shi M,Nguyen P,Jevremovic D

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In discussing quality assurance in the blood bank, where many of the standard statistical techniques of measuring accuracy simply do not apply, three questions come to mind: How much? How often? Who says? Because of severe changes in the prospective payment plan and a new interest in cost effectiveness, many transfusi...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： White KK,Silberstein LE

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several major pet-food and human-food safety incidents occurred worldwide between 2003 and 2008, causing illnesses and deaths in children, cats, dogs, and pigs. During the 2007 outbreak of renal failure in dogs and cats in the United States, veterinary diagnostic laboratories helped identify melamine and melamine anal...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Puschner B,Reimschuessel R

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The improvement of quality in clinical care can greatly benefit form continuous benchmarking with information based on laboratory data. To be most effective, the information is best provided in the form of real-time disease management decision support. Such an approach requires advances in the implementation of hospit...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Bissell MG

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous particles found in a variety of biofluids that encapsulate molecular information from the cell, which they originate from. This rich source of information that is easily obtained can then be mined to find diagnostic biomarkers. This article explores the current biological un...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Strotman LN,Linder MW

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are many types of ANA and they may react with different nuclear components varying from nucleic acids to both basic and acidic nuclear proteins. Recent investigations have demonstrated that it is important not only to detect the presence and quantity of the ANA, but also to identify the immunologic specificities...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Nakamura RM,Tan EM

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lyme disease in North America is caused by infection with the spirochetal bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi and transmitted by Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus ticks. These ticks also have the potential to transmit a rapidly expanding list of other pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and parasites, including Anaplasma ph...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Caulfield AJ,Pritt BS

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drugs ingested in overdose can have altered pharmacokinetics of absorption, distribution, and elimination. The pathophysiologic consequences of overdose can also change a drug's pharmacokinetic properties. Many toxicologic interventions are based on modifying the drug's pharmacokinetics (e.g., impairing absorption or ...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Platt D

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteria were the first organisms recognized for their potential as agents of bioaggression and the possibility of their use by a terrorist or rogue nation is considered a significant threat. Five of the more likely agents (anthrax, plague, tularemia, Q fever, and brucellosis) are reviewed with emphasis on their epide...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Martin GJ,Marty AM

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contemporary bacterial serology relevant to medicine involves poly- and monoclonal antibodies to study pathogenic bacteria and nonpathogenic organisms useful in controlling infectious diseases. Monoclonal antibody applications include immunodiagnostics, prophylaxis and serotherapy, and microbial biotechnology and mole...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Conway de Macario E,Macario AJ

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mean platelet volume measurement can reflect changes in either the level of platelet stimulation or rate of platelet production. The controversy related to whether platelets change volume or density in the circulation is still not clearly resolved, and although the relationship between platelet number and size and...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Threatte GA

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antiretroviral failure caused by the development of drug resistance in HIV-1 is an increasingly common clinical problem. Two types of resistance assays are available to clinicians. Genotypic assays determine the presence of mutations associated with drug resistance. The interpretation of mutations is often complicated...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Hanna GJ

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the past 20 years, laboratory systems have evolved to a high degree of complexity. In some cases, continuing addition of new features has adversely affected functionality. There is increasing recognition that the number of features listed on a request for proposal does not necessarily provide an accurate guide ...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Krieg AF

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Disease prevention requires sociopolitical change, which in turn requires the participation of those for whom the change is intended, including demographic groups at high risk for disease, appropriate governmental authorities, and essential health care personnel. Multiparous women of lowest socioeconomic status, the d...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Suba EJ

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews the laboratory methodologies used to evaluate acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children and their role in establishing a diagnosis and prognosis of this disease. These methodologies are: morphology, flow cytometry, cytogenetics, and molecular diagnostics. Additionally, immunophenotypic classi...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Melnick SJ

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Certain serum autoantibodies serve as useful diagnostic markers in AiLD; however, the etiology and pathogenesis of AiLD remain unknown. Although AiLD is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies and other humoral immune abnormalities, there is significant evidence that cell-mediated immune mechanisms are critica...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Bylund DJ,McHutchison J

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A rapidly increasing body of evidence links human papillomavirus (HPV) to cervical neoplasia through epidemiologic associations, pathologic features, molecular detection, and mechanisms of oncogenesis. HPV is now accepted as the primary cause of cervical neoplasia and accounts for most of the risk factors traditionall...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： McLachlin CM

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nephropathy progressing to end-stage renal failure is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. The development of diabetic nephropathy is preceded for many years by minor increases in urine albumin excretion (microalbuminuria), and some diabetologists believe that by reducing or reversing this early abnormality, po...

journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine

authors： Hindmarsh JT

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00