Abstract：
:There are multiple levels of transcriptional regulation that a cell can bring to bear on either native cellular genes or integrated proviral genes. One such level of regulation is inducible sequence-specific transcriptional factors, such as NF-kappa B, which have been extensively investigated with respect to the HIV-1 LTR. This level of control can be modified by organization of the integrated HIV-1 provirus into higher order chromatin structures such as nucleosomes and chromatin domains. The overall level of proviral transcriptional activity within any given cell depends on the relative contribution of each of these levels of control.
journal_name
Clin Lab Medjournal_title
Clinics in laboratory medicineauthors
Laughlin MA,Pomerantz RJsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-06-01 00:00:00pages
239-55issue
2eissn
0272-2712issn
1557-9832journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:This article focuses on current clinical laboratory testing to diagnose Alzheimer disease and monitor its progression throughout its disease course. Several clinically available tests focus on analysis of amyloid and tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid as well as autosomal dominant and risk factor genes. Although the cu...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cll.2020.05.003
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After more than 6 decades of clinical practice, the transplant community continues to research noninvasive biomarkers of solid organ injury to help improve patient care. In this review, we discuss the clinical usefulness of selective biomarkers and how they are processed at the laboratory. In addition, we organize the...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cll.2018.11.003
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diagnostic procedures for the detection of malaria differ considerably depending on the aims of evaluation. The current requirements of any laboratory procedure for general application to the detection and diagnosis of malaria include: sensitivity, specificity, simplicity in application, unambiguous interpretation, an...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Modern advances in the diagnosis and treatment of the leukemias and lymphomas make use of dynamic techniques in immunology, genetics, and molecular biology, and, as a result, morphology represents a smaller proportion of the total diagnostic work-up of these diseases today than heretofore. However, morphology still re...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The optimal care of septic patients depends on the successful recovery of clinically relevant microorganisms from blood cultures and the timely reporting of organism identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) results. Many preanalytic factors play a critical role in culturing microorganisms, and adv...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cll.2020.07.001
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Flow cytometry immunophenotyping of the hematopoietic cells from the bone marrow can help with diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of chronic myeloid neoplasms. Unlike with B-cell neoplasms, there is no simple phenotypic test to substitute for clonality. Therefore, antigen panels to evaluate myeloid neoplasms are larger...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cll.2017.07.006
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At the start of the twenty-first century, a dramatic change occurred in the clinical laboratory community. Concepts from Metrology, the science of measurement, began to be formally applied to clinical laboratory field methods, resulting in a new appreciation of metrological calibrator traceability. It is a change beca...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cll.2016.09.010
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The category of provider-performed microscopy was defined in the Federal Register to provide a unique regulatory approach for bright-field and phase-contrast microscopy performed by a physician, dentist, or midlevel practitioner examining labile specimens. A CLIA certificate for this category of testing is available, ...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:I have reviewed many of the methods available for the assessment of fetal lung maturity. The difficulty of using diagnostic tests for diseases of low prevalence has been discussed. By reviewing the nature of the amniotic fluid surfactant material, and some of the principles underlying analytical methods, the bases of ...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality among women in developing countries. Timely and accurate histopathological diagnosis of breast cancer is critical to delivering high-quality breast cancer care to patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The most important prognostic factors in breast ...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cll.2017.10.013
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This second part of the review article compiles currently available information on the effects of lead poisoning. Also examined are the available options for assay, the procedures for collection of samples, and the available methods for the estimation of lead in the collected samples. ...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Severe adverse drug reactions are a common cause of morbidity and mortality. Some of the most severe reactions are immunologically mediated and have been linked to specific HLA alleles. The mechanisms underlying HLA-associated drug hypersensitivity are complex and not fully understood. Recent findings have provided in...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cll.2018.08.002
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Respiratory viruses continue to be major causes of morbidity and mortality. Currently available chemotherapy is limited to oral amantadine for uncomplicated influenza A and aerosolized ribavirin for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections. Amantadine is also efficacious for chemoprophylaxis of influenza A virus i...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Salmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia cause a well-characterized spectrum of disease in humans, ranging from asymptomatic carriage to hemorrhagic colitis and fatal typhoidal fever. These pathogens are responsible for millions of cases of food-borne illness in the United States each year, with substantial costs measured i...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cll.2015.02.002
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cannabis, or marijuana, has been known and used as a drug for many thousands of years. Recent interest in drug abuse and detection has spurred the development of several methodologies for cannabinoid detection. These methods include immunoassays and chromatography. Laboratories routinely performing cannabinoid testing...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rapidly changing technology in the clinical microbiology laboratory requires a highly skilled workforce. The current clinical microbiology workforce is aging with a wave of retirements currently unfolding. Key competencies that will be needed for the next generation of microbiologists include strong analytical skills,...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cll.2019.05.007
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA testing has revolutionized the forensic sciences. Forensic testing has continued to evolve, and now several methods are in use. The predominant methods of forensic DNA analysis are described, and their application in casework is summarized. The legal acceptance of this testing also is discussed. ...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To leverage the time and expertise of the pathologist, a comprehensive workstation is a useful tool. Because the practice of pathology is so diverse, however, there is no one standard for what constitutes a workstation. The author reviews the several elements and components which must be included (access to your LIS, ...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several major pet-food and human-food safety incidents occurred worldwide between 2003 and 2008, causing illnesses and deaths in children, cats, dogs, and pigs. During the 2007 outbreak of renal failure in dogs and cats in the United States, veterinary diagnostic laboratories helped identify melamine and melamine anal...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cll.2010.10.003
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A methodology for computing the maximum expected number of unreliable patient results produced because of an out-of-control condition for a given quality control strategy is presented along with strategies for changing the expected number of unreliable results produced and reported. The expected number of unreliable p...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cll.2012.11.006
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Objective evidence-based national surveys serve as a first step in identifying suitable point-of-care device designs, effective test clusters, and environmental operating conditions. Preliminary survey results show the need for point-of-care testing (POCT) devices using test clusters that specifically detect pathogens...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cll.2009.07.014
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Image processing has traveled to the lunar surface and back, finding its way into the clinical laboratory. Advances in digital computers have improved the technology of image analysis, resulting in a wide variety of medical applications. Offering improvements in turnaround time, standardized systems, increased precisi...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A formal therapeutic drug monitoring consultation service (TDMCS) will enhance the clinical benefits of drug level determinations. It can result in decreased length of stay and improved risk management posture. The successful implementation of a TDMCS requires the coordinated efforts of a multidisciplinary team that m...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Market forces and service demands are driving a segment of laboratory testing away from centralized laboratories and closer to the patient's bedside. Placed into a historical perspective, this should be neither surprising nor distressing. Terminology is being clarified and professional societies are beginning to take ...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the past 20 years, laboratory systems have evolved to a high degree of complexity. In some cases, continuing addition of new features has adversely affected functionality. There is increasing recognition that the number of features listed on a request for proposal does not necessarily provide an accurate guide ...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mean platelet volume measurement can reflect changes in either the level of platelet stimulation or rate of platelet production. The controversy related to whether platelets change volume or density in the circulation is still not clearly resolved, and although the relationship between platelet number and size and...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Advances in cellular therapies for pediatric patients have created many opportunities for improved survival with reduced morbidity. This article reviews current cellular therapies in pediatric hematological malignancy, including the most updated practices in hematopoietic stem cell transplant and the use of chimeric a...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cll.2020.10.008
更新日期：2021-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transgenic mice that contain a proline to leucine mutation at amino acid 101 in the endogenous murine PrP gene have been produced by gene targeting. This line of mice was generated to model the mutation thought to be responsible for P102L GSS, a familial TSE disease in humans. Genetargeted 101LL mice showed no evidenc...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-2712(02)00067-7
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antiretroviral failure caused by the development of drug resistance in HIV-1 is an increasingly common clinical problem. Two types of resistance assays are available to clinicians. Genotypic assays determine the presence of mutations associated with drug resistance. The interpretation of mutations is often complicated...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-2712(02)00007-0
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical diagnosis and management of thyroid hormone excess and deficiency are dependent on accurate laboratory measurements and the interpretation of serum free T4 and TSH values. A variety of free T4 methods are available that perform well in otherwise healthy patients with hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism and ...
journal_title：Clinics in laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
