Abstract:
:There is a paucity of information on hospice and palliative care provision in Africa and only a weak evidence base upon which to build policy and practice development. We set out to assess the current state of provision across the continent, mapping the existence of services country by country and exploring the perspectives and experiences of those involved. A multi-method review was conducted involving a synthesis of evidence from published and gray literature, ethnographic field visits to seven countries, qualitative interviews with 94 individuals from 14 countries, and the collation of existing public health data. Forty-seven African countries were reviewed, involving the assistance of numerous hospice and palliative care activists, including clinicians, managers, volunteers, policy makers, and staff of donor organizations. The 47 countries of Africa could be grouped into four categories: no identified hospice or palliative care activity (21 countries); capacity building activity is underway to promote hospice and palliative care delivery (11 countries); localized provision of hospice and palliative care is in place, often heavily supported by external donors (11 countries); and hospice and palliative care services are approaching some measure of integration with mainstream service providers and gaining wider policy recognition (four countries). Overall, services remain scattered and piecemeal in most African countries, and coverage is poor. Nongovernmental organizations are the predominant source of provision. Major difficulties relate to opioid availability, workforce development, and achieving sustainable critical mass. Models exist in Uganda, Kenya, South Africa, and Zimbabwe for the development of affordable, sustainable community-based hospice and palliative care services, but sensitivity is required in adopting Western models of hospice and palliative care for implementation in the African cultural context. Overall, interest in the development of hospice and palliative care in Africa has never been greater.
journal_name
J Pain Symptom Managejournal_title
Journal of pain and symptom managementauthors
Clark D,Wright M,Hunt J,Lynch Tdoi
10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2006.09.033subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-06-01 00:00:00pages
698-710issue
6eissn
0885-3924issn
1873-6513pii
S0885-3924(07)00177-7journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Visual analogue scales (VAS) and verbal rating scales (VRS) are widely used to assess pain. This paper presents a secondary analysis of a subsection of data collected as part of an evaluation of an intervention to improve nighttime pain. The aims were to describe the relationship between the VAS and VRS; to compare ch...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0885-3924(99)00092-5
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The HIV/AIDS epidemic in boys and men with hemophilia began in the early 1980s with the puzzling occurrence of systemic illness and fatal opportunistic infections in patients who had received plasma-derived clotting factor concentrates. This brief narrative describes one physician's experience in caring for patients w...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.02.017
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Sedation is administered to some palliative care patients at the end of their life. Nurses play an important role in this practice. OBJECTIVES:To systematically review the evidence on nurses' attitudes and practice of end-of-life sedation. METHODS:We searched eight electronic databases, four key palliative ca...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.06.011
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Despite the recognized distressing symptom of fatigue in children with cancer, little information is available to assist in the selection of an instrument to be used to measure fatigue. OBJECTIVES:The objectives of this study were to 1) describe the instruments that have been used to measure cancer-related fat...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2012.02.010
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Chronic pain (CP) is a major concern in cancer survivors. Often under-reported by patients, it is both underassessed and undertreated by care providers. OBJECTIVES:To assess CP prevalence and related treatment in cancer survivors five years after diagnosis and to identify factors associated with prescribing op...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.10.027
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study describes a new clinical tool for needs assessment in palliative care: the Problems and Needs in Palliative Care questionnaire (PNPC). It was developed to support the provision of care tailored to the specific demands of patients, which only can be provided when their needs are clearly identified. To test v...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2004.01.010
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with advanced cancer often do not receive high-quality pain and symptom management or support with coordination of care, communication, and decision making. Implementing quality indicators that are reflective of the scope of care, feasible to implement, and supported by evidence might help to identify areas a...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2009.04.024
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the relationship between patient and partner ratings of self-efficacy for symptom control and quality of life (QOL) among 40 African American prostate cancer survivors and their intimate partners. Data analyses revealed that cancer survivors who had rated their self-efficacy for symptom control hig...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2004.02.020
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite significant morbidity and mortality among patients with decompensated cirrhosis, reported rates of advance directive (AD) completion and goals of care discussions (GCDs) between patients and providers are very low. We aimed to improve these rates by implementing a hepatologist-led advance care planni...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.12.355
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Many breast cancer patients have unmet informational and psychosocial needs after treatment completion. A psychoeducational intervention may be well suited to support these patients. OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this multicenter randomized controlled trial was to examine the effectiveness of a web-based tailored ...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.07.009
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This trial compared pain, quality of life, and analgesic use in a sample of patients with cancer pain (n=24) who received either standard opioid management plus rest (Arm A) or standard opioid management plus Reiki (Arm B). Participants either rested for 1.5 hr on Days 1 and 4 or received two Reiki treatments (Days 1 ...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0885-3924(03)00334-8
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical trials of investigational therapy in patients with advanced cancer may not pay sufficient attention to quality of life (QOL) and supportive care issues, resulting in an adverse impact on the quality of care (QOC). We hypothesized that the simultaneous delivery of investigational therapy and a structured progr...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2004.03.002
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of dronabinol on appetite and weight were evaluated in 139 patients with AIDS-related anorexia and > or = 2.3 kg weight loss in a multi-institutional study. Patients were randomized to receive 2.5 mg dronabinol twice daily or placebo. Patients rated appetite, mood, and nausea by using a 100-mm visual analo...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0885-3924(94)00117-4
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The 3-Act Model is an innovative narrative approach to goals of care (GOC) discussions centered on patients' unique stories. Previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the 3-Act Model training in enhancing trainees' skills objectively in role-plays with standardized patients. This study moves beyon...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.06.017
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Chronic pain increases with age, and in the elderly, comorbidities and polypharmacotherapy make the choice of treatment for pharmacological pain control a complex matter. OBJECTIVES:We conducted a multicenter, prospective, observational study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the buprenorphine transdermal...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2010.06.015
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent case reports have raised concerns about the potential for methadone to prolong the QTc interval (QT corrected for heart rate) and predispose patients to torsade de pointes (TdP), a life-threatening arrhythmia. We present a case report that describes the successful use of parenteral and oral methadone in a patie...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2007.05.001
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Anxiety in terminal cancer is linked to diminished quality of life, yet overall it is poorly understood with regard to prevalence and relationship to other aspects of psychological distress. OBJECTIVES:This study examines anxiety in terminally ill cancer patients, including the prevalence of anxiety symptoms, ...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2011.01.013
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Observer-based sedation scales have been used to provide a measurable estimate of the comfort of nonalert patients in palliative sedation. However, their usefulness and appropriateness in this setting has not been demonstrated. OBJECTIVES:To study the reliability and validity of observer-based sedation scales ...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2011.11.010
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rational drug treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain remains a challenge. Although commonly prescribed, the true efficacy of opioid analgesics or of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs remains to be established. Using an N-of 1 design, eight patients with regional cervicobrachial pain received ibuprofen 800 mg/day,...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0885-3924(98)00369-8
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Important aspects of the palliative care needs of patients from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) are largely unexplored. About 44 million of the 56 million annual deaths worldwide occur in developing countries, and it is estimated that more than 33 million of those concerned would benefit from palliative...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2009.05.023
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2014, 1.5 million people died of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide including 400,000 co-infected with HIV. TB remains a major cause of death and suffering globally, in spite of the fact that it is supposed to be a curable disease. Drug resistant forms of TB have developed as a result of poor treatment compliance includin...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.03.019
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::PC-FACS(FastArticleCriticalSummaries for Clinicians inPalliativeCare) provides hospice and palliative care clinicians with concise summaries of the most important findings from more than 100 medical and scientific journals. If you have colleagues who would benefit from receiving PC-FACS, please encourage them to join ...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.11.002
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent empirical studies revealed that fostering patients' perception of meaning in their life is an essential task for palliative care clinicians. However, few studies have reported the effects of training programs for nurses specifically aimed at improving skills to relieve the meaninglessness of terminally ill canc...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2006.10.021
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aims of this study were (a) to estimate the prevalence of pain and eight other common symptoms in a large population of patients with advanced cancer from different palliative care centers, and (b) to assess the differences in prevalence of the symptoms by primary site. In 1990-1991, the prevalence of eight major ...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/0885-3924(96)00042-5
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comparisons of symptom ratings and health-related quality of life between significant others and patients have been the focus of numerous studies during the past decades. Additional studies are needed to assess the discrepancies identified in this work. In the present cross-sectional exploratory study, focus has been ...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2006.07.019
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this randomized, controlled, home care intervention was to test the effectiveness of two nurse-targeted, e-mail-based interventions to increase home care nurses' adherence to pain assessment and management guidelines, and to improve patient outcomes. Nurses from a large urban non-profit home care organi...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2004.08.018
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Age-related hearing loss can impair patient-provider communication about symptom management, goals of care, and end-of-life decision-making. OBJECTIVES:To determine whether hospice and palliative care providers screen for or received training about hearing loss, believe it impacts patient care, and use strateg...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2016.02.007
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intravenous (i.v.) administration of opioids to neonates is a common method of providing analgesia in the intensive care setting. This paper reviews and critiques the studies that have investigated this intervention. The studies are grouped into four major areas: pharmacokinetic studies; i.v. opioids for anesthesi...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0885-3924(97)00272-8
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We used a quality improvement framework to transform two-day and in-person advanced communication training (ACT) course into a remote ACT (Re-ACT) format to help clinicians improve serious illness conversation (SIC) skills. MEASURES:We assessed the reach, impact, and costs of Re-ACT and compared these measu...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.08.013
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assessing for the presence of addiction in the chronic pain patient receiving chronic opioid analgesia is a challenging clinical task. This paper presents a recently developed screening tool for addictive disease in chronic pain patients, and pilot efficacy data describing its ability to do so. In a small sample of pa...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0885-3924(98)00110-9
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00