FGFs stimulate IGF binding protein synthesis without affecting IGF synthesis in rat astroblasts in primary culture.

abstract：:Inhibition of Rho-kinase (ROCK) with Y27632 stimulates sprouting by injured corticospinal tract and dorsal column tract axons, and accelerates functional recovery. However, regeneration of these axons across the glial scar was not observed. Here we examined the effects of Y27632 treatment on chondroitin sulfate proteo...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Chan CC,Wong AK,Liu J,Steeves JD,Tetzlaff W

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our knowledge of multiple sclerosis (MS) neuropathology has benefited from a number of studies that provided an in-depth description of plaques and, more recently, diffuse alterations of the normal-appearing white or grey matter. However, there have been few studies focusing on the periplaque regions surrounding demye...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lieury A,Chanal M,Androdias G,Reynolds R,Cavagna S,Giraudon P,Confavreux C,Nataf S

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regeneration in the adult central nervous system (CNS) is thought to be hampered by the lesion-induced activation of astrocytes and meningeal cells and the consecutive formation of a glial scar. The substrate properties of reactive astrocytes differ significantly from their neonatal counterparts, which promote axon gr...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Hirsch S,Bähr M

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and its receptor TrkC are known to be important for neuronal survival. More recently, NT-3 has been implicated as playing a role in oligodendrocyte (OL) proliferation and survival in vitro. Examination of NT-3 and TrkC knockout mice revealed a reduction in NT-3-dependent neurons. To date, no stud...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kahn MA,Kumar S,Liebl D,Chang R,Parada LF,De Vellis J

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS), can be distinguished from most other cells of the myelomonocytic lineage by a distinct pattern of membrane currents. In the accompanying paper we have shown that the characteristic morphological feature of microglia, ramification, develops both i...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Schmidtmayer J,Jacobsen C,Miksch G,Sievers J

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis is altered, microglial cells become rapidly activated, proliferate and release a broad range of molecules. Among the plethora of molecules involved in the regulation of microglial activation, cytokines are considered crucial. Although production of interleukin-10 (IL-10) h...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Recasens M,Shrivastava K,Almolda B,González B,Castellano B

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When the brain suffers injury, microglia migrate to the damaged sites and become activated. These activated microglia are not detected several days later and the mechanisms underlying their disappearance are not well characterized. In this study, we demonstrate that interleukin (IL)-13, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Yang MS,Park EJ,Sohn S,Kwon HJ,Shin WH,Pyo HK,Jin B,Choi KS,Jou I,Joe EH

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the CNS, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), are mediated, at least in part, by various cytokines and proteases. In the present study, we investigated the expression of A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM)-17, an important sheddase for various proteins, including tumor necros...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kieseier BC,Pischel H,Neuen-Jacob E,Tourtellotte WW,Hartung HP

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) of the optic nerve are generated in the preoptic area, from where they migrate to colonize it entirely. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) induces the proliferation of these cells as well as influencing their migration, acting through its canonical receptor (Ptc-1). However, the multiligand re...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Ortega MC,Cases O,Merchán P,Kozyraki R,Clemente D,de Castro F

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Schwann cells develop from neural crest cells in an ordered series of events and give rise to myelinating and nonmyelinating subtypes. In their mature state, myelinating Schwann cells produce myelin sheaths that provide trophic support to axons and allow saltatory conduction in the vertebrate peripheral nervous system...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Fröb F,Wegner M

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Abnormal neuronal activity in sensory ganglia contributes to chronic pain. There is evidence that signals can spread between cells in these ganglia, which may contribute to this activity. Satellite glial cells (SGCs) in sensory ganglia undergo activation following peripheral injury and participate in cellular communic...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Belzer V,Hanani M

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood macrophages and brain macrophages (microglia) have been implicated in demyelination and destruction of the oligodendrocyte in multiple sclerosis (MS), a disease affecting primarily white matter of the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, we demonstrate that at high effector to target cell ratios, normal ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Merrill JE,Zimmerman RP

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:alpha-Synuclein, a gene whose mutations, duplication, and triplication has been linked to autosomal dominant familial Parkinson's disease (fPD), appears to play a central role in the pathogenesis of sporadic PD (sPD) as well. Enhancement of neurodegeneration induced by mutant alpha-synuclein has been attributed to dat...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Zhang W,Dallas S,Zhang D,Guo JP,Pang H,Wilson B,Miller DS,Chen B,Zhang W,McGeer PL,Hong JS,Zhang J

更新日期：2007-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Plaque deposition in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is known to decrease proliferation in neurogenic niches in AD mouse models, but the effects on cell proliferation and differentiation in other brain areas have not been studied in detail. We analyzed cell proliferation in the cortex of wild type (WT) and APPswePS1dE9 trans...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kamphuis W,Orre M,Kooijman L,Dahmen M,Hol EM

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of cholinergic agonists and antagonists on the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) of leech neuropile glial cells was investigated by use of iontophoretically injected fura-2. In neuropile glial cells, cholinergic agonists induced a marked increase in [Ca2+]i that was inhibited by d-tubocurarine...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Hochstrate P,Schlue WR

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The crosstalk between glial cells and neurons represents an exceptional feature for maintaining the normal function of the central nervous system (CNS). Increasing evidence has revealed the importance of glial progenitor cells in adult neurogenesis, reestablishment of cellular pools, neuroregeneration, and axonal (re)...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Martins-Macedo J,Lepore AC,Domingues HS,Salgado AJ,Gomes ED,Pinto L

更新日期：2021-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type of the central nervous system and cover a broad range of functionalities. We report here the generation of a novel monoclonal antibody, anti-astrocyte cell surface antigen-2 (Anti-ACSA-2). Flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry revealed that Anti-ACSA-2 ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kantzer CG,Boutin C,Herzig ID,Wittwer C,Reiß S,Tiveron MC,Drewes J,Rockel TD,Ohlig S,Ninkovic J,Cremer H,Pennartz S,Jungblut M,Bosio A

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Uptake of radiolabelled L-arginine was studied in four different kinds of glial cultures, in astroglia-rich primary cultures derived from neonatal rat and mouse brains, in pure murine astrocyte cultures, and in rat glioma cells C6-BU-1. A saturable component of uptake was found in all cases with KM values between 15 a...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Schmidlin A,Wiesinger H

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have employed amoeboid microglia purified from primary cultures of neonatal rat brain to examine the effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a potent activator of immune cells, on intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in brain macrophages. In single brain macrophages loaded with indo 1, pulse administ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Bader MF,Taupenot L,Ulrich G,Aunis D,Ciesielski-Treska J

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In mammalian brain peripheral benzodiazepine (PBZD) receptors are predominantly localized on astroglial cells. Previous studies utilizing whole membrane preparations from brain and peripheral organs of various species have indicated several distinctions between the drug-receptor interactions of the two prototypic PBZD...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Itzhak Y,Baker L,Norenberg MD

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytes are thought to exert diverse functions in the brain, but it has been difficult to prove this in vivo because of a scarcity of tools to manipulate these cells. Here, we report the generation of new transgenic mouse lines that allow for conditional gene ablation in astrocytes using the tamoxifen- (TAM-) induc...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Slezak M,Göritz C,Niemiec A,Frisén J,Chambon P,Metzger D,Pfrieger FW

更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This report describes the development of a new panel of monoclonal antibodies produced following immunization of mice with cultured rat microglial cells. Using these new reagents and previously defined antibodies that bind to microglia or macrophages, the responses of parenchymal microglia, perivascular "microglial" c...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Flaris NA,Densmore TL,Molleston MC,Hickey WF

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Excessive extracellular glutamate leads to neuronal death in central nervous system. Excitatory glutamate transporter subtype 2 (GLT-1) carries bulk of glutamate reuptake in cerebral ischemia. Although GLT-1 expression fluctuates during the period of ischemia, little is known about its regulatory mechanism. Here we sh...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Ji YF,Zhou L,Xie YJ,Xu SM,Zhu J,Teng P,Shao CY,Wang Y,Luo JH,Shen Y

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The addition of isolated neurons to monolayers of cultured astrocytes induced a morphological change in the astrocytes that came into contact with the added neuronal cell bodies or neurites. The change, which included an increase in the complexity of cell shape, took at least 3 days to become detectable and was enhanc...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Matsutani S,Yamamoto N

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Breakdown of the blood-brain barrier is a feature of acute and chronic neurodegenerative changes, yet the relationship between astrocytes and the mature barrier remains unclear. We studied this role of astrocytes in vivo using a gliotoxin and evaluated changes in three vascular tight junction markers. Male Fisher F344...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Willis CL,Leach L,Clarke GJ,Nolan CC,Ray DE

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The possibility of a modular organization of non-neuronal elements was analyzed in the opercular region of the striate neocortex in adult New World monkeys. For this purpose, and in order to follow possible correlations in the general organization of neuronal and astroglial elements, immunocytochemical procedures for ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Colombo JA,Schleicher A,Zilles K

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity has been used to study the astroglial response in the rat spinal cord to long-term portacaval shunt (PCS). The astroglial response in PCS rats is heterogeneous. In general, astrocytes show a loss of GFAP immunoreactivity, as well as shrinking and pyknosis in thei...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Bodega G,Suárez I,Arilla E,Rubio M,Fernández B

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia can be isolated with high purity but low yield by shaking off loosely adherent cells from mixed glial cultures. Here we describe a new technique for isolating microglia with an average yield close to 2,000,000 microglial cells/mouse pup, more than five times higher than that of the shaking method. Confluent ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Saura J,Tusell JM,Serratosa J

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have attempted to reconstruct in vitro the events that may occur in vivo during reperfusion injury after ischemia in the central nervous system. The phenomenon is induced by previous exposure to low calcium solutions ("calcium paradox") before the reperfusion episode. Intracellular calcium alterations during reperf...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kim-Lee MH,Stokes BT,Yates AJ

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons from embryonic (E18) rat hippocampus were chosen to identify and characterize neurite growth-stimulating proteins accumulating in serum-free conditioned media (CM) obtained from primary or secondary cultures of cerebral astrocytes (less than 5% nonglial cells) using a quantitative cell culture bioassay. CM wer...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Matthiessen HP,Schmalenbach C,Müller HW

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00