Abstract：
:Our objective was to analyse the characteristics of patients who were unaware of their HIV infection until they developed AIDS, in the period after introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy. The complete national register of HIV and AIDS cases reported to the Department of Epidemiology at the Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control 1996-2002 was searched for cases diagnosed with HIV less than three months before AIDS diagnosis (so-called "late testers"). Of a total of 487 patients with AIDS, reported during the seven-year period, 219 (45%) were late testers. Their proportion of all AIDS cases increased from 22% in 1996 to 58% in 2002. Heterosexual route of transmission, age greater than 40 years, and foreign origin were all significant risk factors for being a late tester. Intravenous drug users were associated with a highly significant reduced risk. The group without previously known HIV infection represents an increasing part of all cases of AIDS. From a disease control and from a medical perspective, it is important to study this group further and discover what measures are needed for earlier identification and access to medical care.
journal_name
Int J STD AIDSjournal_title
International journal of STD & AIDSauthors
Brännström J,Akerlund B,Arneborn M,Blaxhult A,Giesecke Jdoi
10.1258/095646205774357262subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-10-01 00:00:00pages
702-6issue
10eissn
0956-4624issn
1758-1052journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Routinely collected data from clinical sites offering voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) for HIV diagnosis have been used to evaluate the impact of public health interventions; however, there has been considerable diversity in strategies. To gain an understanding of the outcome of these evaluations and provide th...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1258/ijsa.2009.009005
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) continue to be the most common notifiable infectious conditions worldwide. Their unacceptably high incidence is underlined by the recent emergence of a (presently) incurable and lethal STD--human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection--which merits its description as a pandemic, an...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 社论,评审
doi：10.1258/0956462961918419
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the study was to provide more comprehensive data on the clinical characteristics of hospitalized AIDS patients in Cambodia. Chart review of 381 HIV-infected patients admitted to a public hospital in Phnom Penh, Cambodia between December 1999 and May 2000 was performed. The in-hospital mortality rate was 43....
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/095646203765371312
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A longitudinal study of demographic and behavioural characteristics associated with risky sexual behaviours of young men after release from prison. One hundred and six men were interviewed in prison and at one week and six months after release. Overall, 37% reported a previous sexually transmitted disease (STD) diagno...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/095646203767869110
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The frequency of spontaneous genital arousal (GA) and persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD) in women is unknown. The aim of this study was to conduct an anonymous survey to assess the frequency and nature of spontaneous GA and PGAD in women attending a walk-in sexual health clinic in London. Female patients compl...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/ijsa.2008.008492
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of HIV infection in drug addicts and to address their drug habit, sexual life style and socioeconomic factors. This study was conducted among 505 male drug addicts comprising 250 intravenous drug users (IDUs) and 255 non-IDUs. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay wa...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/09564620360719813
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The management and outcome of all cases of gonorrhoea which presented to a south London genitourinary medicine clinic during 1999 were assessed and compared with published national guidelines. The incidence of penicillin resistance was calculated, as was the rate of co-infection with chlamydia and trichomonas. Informa...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/095646203322301095
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examines the use of various direct observation therapy-HAART treatment support modalities in Jos, Nigeria. A 12-month observational study enrolling 175 antiretroviral naïve patients into four arms of direct observation therapy-HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy); daily observed therapy (DOT), twice...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1258/095646207782212252
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report the case of congenital syphilis diagnosed in a 7-year-old child after her 32-year-old mother was investigated for neurosyphilis. Our case illustrates the importance of antenatal syphilis screening and the need for a clear referral and management pathway for women with positive serology to ensure cases such a...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0956462414564200
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The value of microscopy of a Gram-stained urethral smear in the diagnosis of non-gonococcal urethritis and chlamydial urethral infection was assessed in 153 men attending a department of genitourinary medicine. A mean of more than 4 polymorphs in 5 fields (x1000) was considered to be abnormal. In the diagnosis of uret...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/095646249100200409
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study sought to determine IgA, IgG antibodies to Candida albicans in whole saliva and serum from HIV-infected patients and to compare them to a group of healthy controls. The study population consisted of 34 HIV-infected individuals free of any other systemic diseases and thirty healthy controls. IgA concentratio...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/095646202760029787
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are a class of antiretroviral drugs with high virologic efficacy and excellent tolerability. Recent evidence showed a possible link of dolutegravir-based regimens with weight gain, and a relationship between raltegravir use and changes in adipose tissue density and metabol...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0956462420955075
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To study dysglycaemia in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients we conducted a retrospective cohort study of the glucose profile in HIV-infected patients. The fasting blood glucose was analysed taking into consideration conventional risk factors as well as HIV infection and highly active antiretroviral t...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0956462414554814
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of anogenital warts (condyloma acuminatum) is rapidly increasing while there is still no totally satisfactory treatment available. In light of the emphasis of experimental approaches toward the prevention of viral replication and evidence of the antiviral action of lithium salts it was proposed to invest...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1258/0956462971920677
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our objectives were to determine the prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and its association with other STD causing organisms. Three hundred and thirty-six consecutive women (female sex workers (FSWs) and married contacts), attending a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic in Mumbai, were screened for N. gonorrhoe...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/0956462001914896
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We conducted a literature review of patients' conditions described under persistent genital arousal disorder and restless genital syndrome, vulvodynia and male genital skin pain of unknown aetiology (penoscrotodynia). Our aim is to improve the understanding of the condition, unify nomenclature and promote evidence-bas...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/0956462413489276
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a study to determine the herpes simplex virus (HSV) type isolated from patients with primary (first-attack) genital herpes and to identify any clinical or epidemiological features that might influence the reported incidence of any particular viral type, there was almost an equal incidence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 isolate...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/095646249000100306
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The current standard treatment for cerebral toxoplasmosis (pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine) often encounters problems of poor tolerability, adverse effects, frequent dropouts and non-availability of pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine in some parts of India. We have had to use the combination of two effective alternative agents for...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0956462414560594
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As few studies have compared the clinical features of rectal gonorrhoea in men who have sex with men with or without concurrent chlamydial infection, this longitudinal study was undertaken to address this issue. The cohort consisted of 129 men with rectal gonorrhoea, 34 of whom had concurrent chlamydiae. Symptoms of p...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/095646206777323373
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antioxidants significantly inhibit oxidative processes. The study seeks to determine the activity of endogenous antioxidants and CD4+ T-cell expression in HIV-serodiscordant-heterosexual partners. The case-control study had the following groups; A- (13 serodiscordant-seronegative subjects), B- (13 serodiscordant-serop...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/ijsa.2008.008031
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The acute-phase protein C-reactive protein (CRP) is a sensitive marker of inflammation and tissue damage. We measured CRP in 109 HIV-1 antibody-positive patients admitted to hospital for investigation. In 67 patients with intercurrent infection (of whom 27 were afebrile at presentation) CRP levels were 2.2-483.5 mg/dL...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/0956462054094006
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical features of vulvovaginal candidiasis are the result of the inflammatory response of the vulva and vagina to Candida overgrowth. Topical treatments comprise intra-vaginal pessaries or cream used in combination with a similar azole-based cream for external application. In this audit Candida isolation rates ...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/0956462001915228
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical utility of genotypic drug resistance testing (DRT) in HIV-infected children on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is not well understood. HIV-infected patients aged <19 years undergoing DRT for virological failure were retrospectively enrolled. Indications for DRT and changes in HIV RNA load were recorded. Betw...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0956462412473958
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cases of syphilis have been increasing in the UK and it remains an important public health problem. Here, we provide an overview of syphilis, its presentation, diagnosis and management. ...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1258/ijsa.2007.007258
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using data from TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD), this paper aims to assess the rate of, and factors associated with the diagnosis of new AIDS-defining illness (ADI) within 90 days after antiretroviral treatment. Patients starting three or more antiretroviral combinations and having subsequent follow-up w...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/095646207781147283
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since 2010, the Thailand Ministry of Public Health has recommended that men who have sex with men (MSM) have an HIV test at least two times a year. We calculated the proportion of, and factors associated with, testing adherence among the HIV-uninfected MSM clients attending Silom Community Clinic @TropMed. We defined ...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0956462418788724
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this work was to study the human papillomavirus (HPV) type-distribution in condylomata acuminata (CA) of mainland China and to estimate the potential role of HPV prophylactic vaccines for CA in mainland China. Forty-three studies using polymerase chain reaction to detect HPV were included in this meta-analy...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1258/ijsa.2008.008040
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis is an uncommon cancer, though in one study it accounted for 90% of all penile cancers. Its association with balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) is a rare though recognized occurrence. We describe a case of a 46-year-old Caucasian male who first presented to our open-access clinic w...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/095646206775455658
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This guideline is intended to serve as a framework for those working in any location where sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are managed. It offers recommendations which will need to be adapted depending on local facilities and policies, and is not intended to be all encompassing. This guideline should be read in...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章,实务指引
doi：10.1258/ijsa.2012.012115
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The management of cases of gonorrhoea in the Genitourinary Medicine Department (GUM) of Newcastle upon Tyne in 1999 was audited. The sensitivity of microscopy in diagnosis was 90.4% for male urethral gonorrhoea and 26.6% for female genital gonorrhoea. The sensitivity of laboratory culture was 98.5%. Screening for Chla...
journal_title：International journal of STD & AIDS
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1258/0956462001915057
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
