Abstract:
AIMS:To study the prevalence of tuberculosis infection among children in household contact with adults having pulmonary tuberculosis, and identify the possible risk factors. METHODS:Children under the age of 5 years who were in household contact with 200 consecutive adults with pulmonary tuberculosis underwent tuberculin skin testing. Transverse induration of greater than 10 mm was defined as positive tuberculin test suggestive of tubercular infection. Infected children underwent chest radiography and analysis of gastric lavage fluid or induced sputum for detection of acid fast bacilli. RESULTS:Tuberculin test was positive in 95 of 281 contacts (33.8%), of which 65 were contacts of sputum positive patients, while 30 were contacts of sputum negative patients. Nine of these children were diagnosed as having tuberculosis based on clinical features and/or recovery of acid fast bacilli; seven were in contact with sputum positive adults. The important risk factors for transmission of infection were younger age, severe malnutrition, absence of BCG vaccination, contact with an adult who was sputum positive, and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. CONCLUSION:The prevalence of tuberculosis infection and clinical disease among children in household contact with adult patients is higher than in the general population, and risk is significantly increased by contact with sputum positive adults.
journal_name
Arch Dis Childjournal_title
Archives of disease in childhoodauthors
Singh M,Mynak ML,Kumar L,Mathew JL,Jindal SKdoi
10.1136/adc.2003.044255subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-06-01 00:00:00pages
624-8issue
6eissn
0003-9888issn
1468-2044pii
90/6/624journal_volume
90pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Immunohistochemical studies of pancreatic tissue from patients with cystic fibrosis associated with diabetes mellitus (CFDM) show increased numbers of somatostatin secreting delta cells. To look for a possible functional correlate to this finding basal and arginine stimulated plasma somatostatin and serum C peptide co...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.68.1.123
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nerve growth factor (NGF) is the first described neurotrophin that stimulates the growth and differentiation of nerve cells and promotes skin and peripheral tissue regeneration. Recent studies suggest that NGF influences endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenic activity. In view of these proposed regenerative eff...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.87.5.446
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixteen blind babies who were considered to be showing the characteristics of delayed visual maturation were studied prospectively. The diagnosis was made on clinical grounds, and the criteria for this are discussed. All of these infants developed visual responses between 4 and 6 months of age and had normal or near n...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.59.2.107
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growth was studied in 83 children with cleft lip and/or palate aged 0-4 years attending a specialist regional centre. Information was collected by a personal interview, postal questionnaire, and record review. The group as a whole grew relatively poorly in early infancy but subsequently recovered, attaining both expec...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.75.4.327
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The first case of collagenous colitis in a child with protracted watery diarrhoea and abdominal pain is reported. Small bowel investigations and the macroscopic appearances were normal, but histological examination of the colon showed collagenous colitis. Steroids temporarily relieved the diarrhoea and induced transie...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.64.6.867
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data from the Glasgow Register of Congenital Malformations were used to investigate the epidemiology of congenital facial clefts over the period 1974-85. Facial clefts were registered in 247 infants representing a prevalence of 1.56 per 1000 total births. Cleft palate was more common than cleft lip, with cleft lip and...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.62.7.717
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the emotional reactions of registrars following the death of a child. METHODS:A multicentre study to determine the sources of support for registrars and the use of debriefing following a child's death. A questionnaire was sent or given to registrars within the South West Region. RESULTS:There was a...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/adc.2005.076760
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mild hypnotics are often recommended for young children with sleep problems. This study assesses the efficacy of trimeprazine tartrate in 1 to 3 year old children with persistent and severe night waking in a double blind crossover trial with placebo. Children on treatment with trimeprazine had significantly fewer waki...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/adc.62.3.253
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Following recent reports of increased numbers of adolescents being diagnosed with the adult or type 2 form of diabetes we aimed to describe the prevalence of both type 2 and other forms of diabetes in an urban population of children and young people in northern England. METHODS:A hospital based cro...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/adc.88.8.676
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The family histories relating to asthma and wheezy bronchitis were examined in 77 asthmatic, 78 wheezy bronchitic, and 87 control children, aged between 1 and 12 years. The percentage of children with at least one asthmatic relative was significantly greater in the asthmatic and wheezy bronchitic probands than in the ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.55.5.354
更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To test the hypothesis that reduced fetal growth leads to altered plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations in childhood. DESIGN:A follow up study of 4 year old children whose birth weights were recorded, and of 7 year old children whose weight, length, head circumference, and placental weig...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.73.4.287
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urinary glycosaminoglycan (GAG) excretion was measured in children with idiopathic urolithiasis (15 girls and 10 boys; mean (SD) age 6.2 (2.4) years) and in healthy controls (10 girls and 14 boys; mean (SD) age 6.8 (3.8) years). GAG excretion was expressed as a GAG/creatinine (mg/g) ratio and was evaluated using dimet...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.80.3.271
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In volume guarantee ventilation with the Dräger Babylog 8000 ventilator, inspiratory and expiratory flows are monitored and the expiratory tidal volume calculated following each inflation. The pressure for the next inflation is modified to ensure the expired tidal volume is close to the set value. AIM:To in...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2004.061390
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many children admitted to hospital can stay for 24 hours or less. Short stay facilities offer such children rapid stabilisation and early discharge with considerable financial saving. A 12 month study was completed in which data were collected from the children's emergency annex (CEA) at Westmead Hospital in Sydney's ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.74.4.309
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Investigate whether hyoscine patch or glycopyrronium liquid is more effective and acceptable to treat drooling in children with neurodisability. DESIGN:Multicentre, single-blind, randomised controlled trial. SETTING:Recruitment through neurodisability teams; treatment by parents. PARTICIPANTS:Ninety childr...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/archdischild-2017-313763
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lactulose/L-rhamnose urinary excretion ratio during continued infusion of milks containing both sugars was used as an index of the permeability of the neonatal bowel to large and small molecules. Healthy infants of gestational age 31-36 weeks proved to have a period of enhanced permeability to lactulose during the...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.57.2.141
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lactobin-R is a commercial hyperimmune bovine colostrum with potent anticryptosporidial activity. It was administered to a 4 year old child with AIDS and severe diarrhoea associated with cryptosporidiosis. There was significant clinical improvement in the diarrhoea and permanent elimination of the parasite from the gu...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.69.4.451
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies of Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults have shown that the requirement for assisted ventilation correlates closely with a poor outcome, and the need for ventilation is now being used as an indication for plasmapheresis. As comparable studies in children have not been performed we reviewed our experience o...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.62.3.288
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Heart murmurs are common in children, and they are often referred to a specialist for examination. A clinically innocent murmur does not need further investigation. The referral area of the University Hospital is large and sparsely populated. A new service for remote auscultation (telemedicine) of heart murm...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.87.4.297
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe two cases of a non-epileptic florid movement disorder presenting as status epilepticus. Both patients presented with florid jerking of the limbs and eyes. Convulsive status epilepticus related to presumed meningitis or encephalitis was suspected in both cases. The patients received treatment for seizures, ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2009.160044
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The eating habits and attitudes concerning body shape and weight among 26 mothers of children with non-organic failure to thrive (the index group) were studied using the eating disorder examination. They were compared with equivalent data on 26 individually matched women who participated in a large community survey. T...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.70.3.234
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several studies have shown an increased incidence of neurodevelopmental impairment in very preterm survivors at school age compared with controls. AIM:To compare findings in the same cohort at 8 years and 15 years. METHODS:A total of 151 of the 224 eligible infants born before 33 weeks of gestation from 19...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2002.006676
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Long term growth hormone (GH) treatment in children with idiopathic short stature (ISS) results in a relatively small mean gain in final height of 3-9 cm, which may not justify the cost of treatment. As it is unknown whether GH treatment during puberty adds to final height gain, we sought to improve the cost...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/adc.87.3.215
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the clinical characteristics and predictors of mortality from snake bite envenomation in children. DESIGN:Prospective observational study with a one-group cohort design. SETTING:Paediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital in South India. SUBJECTS:The study cohort consisted of 145 ch...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/archdischild-2016-311142
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::New charts for height, weight, height velocity, and weight velocity are presented for clinical (as opposed to population survey) use. They are based on longitudinal-type growth curves, using the same data as in the British 1965 growth standards. In the velocity standards centiles are given for children who are early- ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.51.3.170
更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal transmission of hepatitis B virus infection in relation to the hepatitis B e antigen/antibody system and serum hepatitis B virus-DNA were evaluated. Results indicate that hepatitis B virus-DNA analysis can identify hepatitis B serum antigen positive mothers who may transmit infection to their offspring. ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.60.1.56
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recorded the respiratory history by questionnaire in a 7 year old cohort of children whose birth weight was under 2000 g and an unselected reference group of local schoolchildren of the same age. Complete data were obtained in 121 low birthweight children (90% of those studied): 62 who had no neonatal respiratory i...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.64.9.1294
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim was to compare quality of life (QoL) among children and adolescents with different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and determine factors associated with changes in QoL. DESIGN:Cross-sectional. SETTING:The Kids with CKD study involved five of eight paediatric nephrology units in Australia and ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/archdischild-2018-314934
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five cases of serious injuries to children wearing superhero costumes, involving extreme risk-taking behaviour, are presented here. Although children have always displayed behaviour seemingly unwise to the adult eye, the advent of superhero role models can give unrealistic expectations to the child, which may lead to ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2006.109793
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:There are few standardised questionnaires for the assessment of respiratory symptoms in preschool children. We have developed and tested the short-term repeatability of a postal questionnaire on respiratory symptoms for 1-year-old children. METHODS:A newly developed postal questionnaire for the ass...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2007.117978
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00