Abstract:
:Toxic injury occurs in the liver more often than any other organ. This can be attributed to the fact that virtually all ingested substances that are absorbed are first presented to the liver and that the liver is responsible for the metabolism and elimination of many substances. Drug-induced liver injury has become a serious health problem in contemporary society. Moreover, liver toxicity is a significant impediment to development of new pharmaceuticals. A classification of liver injury is presented as a means to better understand the spectrum of known mechanisms of liver injury and to assist in discovering novel pathways of toxic liver injury.
journal_name
Toxicol Patholjournal_title
Toxicologic pathologyauthors
Cullen JMdoi
10.1080/01926230590522428subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-01-01 00:00:00pages
6-8issue
1eissn
0192-6233issn
1533-1601pii
X8QC77F40NEW83XEjournal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Fusion of biologic therapeutics to hyaluronic acid binding proteins, such as the link domain (LD) of Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-Stimulated Gene-6 (TSG-6), is expected to increase vitreous residence time following intravitreal injection and provide for long-acting delivery. The toxicity of a single intravitreal dose o...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623320969124
更新日期:2020-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Results of early nonclinical "General Toxicology" studies are used to set a safe starting dose for first-in-human (FIH) clinical trials. In FIH trials, the research subjects are typically healthy volunteers who have little to gain but much to lose if a trial goes wrong. With that in mind, good laboratory practice regu...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623313506878
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of the herbicide Diuron in a two-stage rat medium-term mammary carcinogenesis model initiated by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). Female seven-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were allocated to six groups: groups G1 to G4 received intragastrically (i.g.) a...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623310396904
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of articular chondrocytes and matrix degrading enzymes such as collagenase and neutral protease in the pathogenesis of quinolone-induced cartilage degeneration was investigated in immature guinea pigs. Articular cartilage from nalidixic acid (NA) treated guinea pigs was examined for the presence of protease a...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339001800209
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substantial progress in understanding nongenotoxic or secondary mechanisms of tumorigenesis has been made over the past decade. However, the methods used in regulated studies for assessment of carcinogenic potential in chemicals in development have not evolved significantly. Based on the experience of over 30 yr of te...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262339602400610
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determining the carcinogenic potential of materials to which humans have significant exposures is an important, complex, and imperfect exercise. Not only are the methods for such determinations protracted and expensive and use large numbers of animals, extrapolation of data from such studies to human risk is imprecise...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623309351892
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In tissue slice models, interactions between the heterogeneous cell types comprising the lung parenchyma are maintained thus providing a controlled system for the study of pulmonary toxicology in vitro. However, validation of the model in vitro system must be affirmed. Previous reports, in in vivo systems, have demons...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230390183689
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::GJA1 gene (Connexin43, also known as Cx43) is the most abundant gap junction protein isoform in animal cells and is associated with bone development in embryos. The objective of the present work was to evaluate in vivo osteal development in GJA1-deficient fetal mice through determination of the histological and molecu...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623311422075
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood platelets play a fundamental role in hemostasis and thrombosis. The physiological role of platelets is to preserve the integrity of the cardiovascular system such that upon injury platelets are activated and serve to interrupt a potentially deleterious situation (i.e., hemorrhage). However, platelets are also in...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339302100210
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In standard toxicity studies, the cardiac conduction tissue is not systematically sampled and examined for histopathological changes. Most methods described use serial sectioning perpendicular to the long axis of the sinoauricular node (SAN) and atrioventricular node (AVN). Dozens of slides are needed to allow examina...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339502300107
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Repeated intraperitoneal injections of crocidolite asbestos fibers induced diffuse malignant mesotheliomas in mice. A series of mesothelial cell lines was isolated from mice at different stages in the development of these tumors. The cell lines isolated from mice with mesotheliomas recapitulated their growth pattern i...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339702500605
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Overexpression of c-myc and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) has been frequently observed in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),suggesting a pivotal role played by these protooncogenes in liver oncogenesis. In order to investigate the molecular events underlying human hepatic malignant transformation, we...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/01926230590522095
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In carcinogenicity studies with PPAR gamma and alpha/gamma agonists, urinary bladder tumors have been reported in Harlan Sprague-Dawley (HSD) and Charles River Sprague-Dawley (SD) but not Wistar (WI) rats, with urolithiasis purported to be the inciting event. In two 3-month studies, the authors investigated strain-rel...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623309332990
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sprague-Dawley CD rats received daily oral doses (45 mg/kg) of the cationic amphiphilic tricyclic antidepressant imipramine HCl (Tofranil) for up to two years. Representative specimens of liver, lung, spleen, mesenteric lymph node, retina and dorsal root ganglion were examined for myeloid bodies (MB). The extent that ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262338301100102
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The literature evidencing the role of iron in promoting a range of neoplasms in humans and animals prompted us to search for a possible association between chemically induced hemosiderosis and hemangiosarcomas in the liver of mice in selected studies conducted by the National Toxicology Program (NTP). Its historical c...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/019262330403200201
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical, pathologic, and analytical records from 200 cattle were reviewed to determine if long-term exposures to elevated fluorides resulted in previously unrecognized or unreported pathologic changes, especially skeletal neoplasia. Animals were part of comprehensive field and laboratory investigations of bovine fluo...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339202000216
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cochlea is one of the more common targets for toxic effects, yet current toxicologic screening in animals does not routinely evaluate the cochlea as a potential target organ. Although histopathologic sections are routinely taken from the eye and the optic nerve and tract and most studies include at least 1 section...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262330002800117
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chloracetanilide herbicide alachlor (2-chloro-2',6-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)-acetanilide) induces nasal neoplasms in rats following chronic dietary exposure. The present study sought to identify the cellular origin and mechanisms of tumor induction and progression. Male Long-Evans rats were fed alachlor (0 or 126 ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262330002800602
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to synthetic fibers with employment in textile mills can be associated with an elevated risk of interstitial lung disease (ILD). A mechanism of injury has not been determined. ILD can follow exposures to inorganic fibers (e.g., asbestos) which are associated with a mobilization of iron and catalysis of an oxi...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230600932448
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A spontaneous multicystic peritoneal mesothelioma was detected in a 108-wk-old male Fischer-344/DuCrj rat. Grossly, a tumor containing numerous, semi-transparent, variously sized, thin-walled cysts was found on the splenic serosal surface. Microscopically, each cyst was surrounded by variable amounts of loose connecti...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339302100111
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aminoglycoside antibiotics are ototoxic in mammals and birds, including recently hatched chicks, but chicken embryos are insensitive to the ototoxicity of gentamicin, kanamycin, and streptomycin. To determine whether or not the insensitivity is due to a lack of antibiotic distribution to the avian cochlea, the distrib...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339402200103
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Duplications of the gastrointestinal tract are exceedingly rare in laboratory animals. We report a case of a communicating intestinal duplication in a 17-wk-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat. The duplication was present in the mesenteric border of the ileum, and both proximal and distal ends were communicated with the lumen...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339802600216
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, considerable attention has been focused on certain environmental contaminants--"endocrine disruptors"--of industrial origin that may mimic the action of sex hormones. Natural compounds and their effects on other types of hormonal activity (eg, on adrenal or thyroid function) have for some reason not provoked...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262330002800311
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are well recognized as a major class of therapeutic agent that causes renal papillary necrosis (RPN). Over the last decade a broad spectrum of other therapeutic agents and many chemicals have also been reported that have the potential to cause this lesion in...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262339802600110
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic prostatitis characterized on light microscopic examination by moderate, multifocal, predominantly lymphocytic inflammation associated with epithelial atypia and intranuclear and cytoplasmic inclusion-like material was identified in the prostate gland of 2 Wistar Han rats administered an immunomodulatory test a...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623317713320
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent clinical evidence suggests that hylan, a modified hyaluronan, and related products potentially elicit foreign body granulomatous inflammation in human soft tissue. We investigated the biocompatibility of hylan G-F 20 (Synvisc) for up to 28 days after intradermal injection in guinea pigs and intramuscular inject...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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doi:10.1080/01926230390204360
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Artemin (ART) signals through the GFR alpha-3/RET receptor complex to support sympathetic neuron development. Here we show that ART also influences autonomic elements in adrenal medulla and enteric and pelvic ganglia. Transgenic mice over-expressing Art throughout development exhibited systemic autonomic neural lesion...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230490431475
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxicologists and pathologists worldwide will benefit from a new, website-based, and completely searchable Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas just released by the U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP). The atlas is a much-needed resource with thousands of high-quality, zoomable images and diagnostic guidelines for each roden...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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doi:10.1177/0192623313517304
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) from several classes of molecules are currently in drug development. Despite over 20 years of pharmaceutical research, few ASOs have been marketed due to problems with clinical efficacy or preclinical toxicologic challenges. However, a number of recent developments have renewed i...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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doi:10.1177/0192623314551840
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Liver resection is a suitable option for the treatment of certain hepatic conditions, particularly hepatocarcinomas, in patients with cirrhosis. However, this disease impairs liver regeneration, which increases the risk of liver failure and postoperative death. Supportive treatments for regeneration of the remaining l...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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doi:10.1177/0192623313486316
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00