Abstract:
:Clinical, pathologic, and analytical records from 200 cattle were reviewed to determine if long-term exposures to elevated fluorides resulted in previously unrecognized or unreported pathologic changes, especially skeletal neoplasia. Animals were part of comprehensive field and laboratory investigations of bovine fluorosis conducted by the Utah State University Agricultural Experiment Station over a 25-year period. Records indicated that over 170 cattle included in this review were exposed to dietary fluorides levels in excess of 25 ppm (dry wt), for most of their life span, and these animals exhibited bone fluoride concentrations ranging between 2,000 and 12,500 ppm (dry wt). Although dental and/or skeletal changes were present in most animals, significant soft tissue damage or neoplasia was not observed in any organ system. Renal degeneration and mineralization were slightly more prevalent in range cattle ingesting high fluoride levels, but these changes were not recognized in animals that received high experimental fluoride doses. The absence of significant soft tissue damage or neoplasia in these cattle combined with results of an extensive literature review suggests that environmental fluorides are not significant factors in mammalian carcinogenesis.
journal_name
Toxicol Patholjournal_title
Toxicologic pathologyauthors
Shupe JL,Bruner RH,Seymour JL,Alden CLdoi
10.1177/019262339202000216subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-01-01 00:00:00pages
274-85; discussion 285-8issue
2eissn
0192-6233issn
1533-1601journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Swine, especially the miniature swine or minipigs, are increasingly being used in preclinical safety assessment of small molecules, biopharmaceutical agents, and medical devices as an alternate nonrodent species. Although swine have been used extensively in biomedical research, there is a paucity of information in the...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623315611762
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effective wound healing leads to restoration of tissue integrity and occurs through a highly organized multistage process involving various cell types. Currently, methods for wound healing assessment lack a structured system for analysis of quantitative parameters. We have established a unique quantitative assessment ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/01926230701584189
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work in our laboratory revealed that the pubertal period of reproductive development in the male rat was particularly vulnerable to gossypol exposure, with a higher frequency of round structures in the lumen of the cauda epididymidis in the treated rats. Herein, we utilized hemicastration and electron microsc...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230600932455
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selenoprotein P is an abundant extracellular protein that is expressed in liver, brain, and other tissues. Studies in mice with the selenoprotein P gene deleted (Sepp-/- mice) have implicated the protein in maintaining brain selenium. Sepp-/- mice fed a normal or low selenium diet develop severe motor impairment and d...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230500243045
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sprague-Dawley CD rats received daily oral doses (45 mg/kg) of the cationic amphiphilic tricyclic antidepressant imipramine HCl (Tofranil) for up to two years. Representative specimens of liver, lung, spleen, mesenteric lymph node, retina and dorsal root ganglion were examined for myeloid bodies (MB). The extent that ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262338301100102
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Excitatory amino acids (EAAs) mediate their effects through the glutamate receptors (GluRs) in the brain. GluRs play an important role in the treatment of a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions and are central to the neurotoxicity of EAAs such as domoic and kainic acid. Unstained histological preparations of human h...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230701230361
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A delay in the exposure of initiated rats to orotic acid (OA) beyond a specific time frame results in a progressive loss of promotional effect in liver carcinogenesis. The current study was designed to ascertain whether the loss of promotional effect could be counteracted by pre-exposing the initiated animals to other...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262338701500212
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::When chemicals that are nongenotoxic in conventional assays produce increases in tumor incidence in rodents in chronic bioassays, the determination of the significance of these data for human safety is a challenging task. An important first step in this process is consideration of available data on the mechanism of ac...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262339402200206
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted a retrospective analysis of publicly available preclinical toxicology studies with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) to examine common adverse events in rats, Beagle dogs, and cynomolgus monkeys. Mortality and/or thrombotic events were reported sporadically in a subset of studies and attributed to ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0192623313486317
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A factor limiting widespread use of the transgenic rasH2 mouse model for carcinogenicity testing of pharmaceuticals is the paucity of published data on actual drug candidates in rasH2 mice. This report addresses this gap by highlighting rasH2 mouse study data for 10 pharmaceutical candidates. These results were compar...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623313477257
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aminoglycoside antibiotics are ototoxic in mammals and birds, including recently hatched chicks, but chicken embryos are insensitive to the ototoxicity of gentamicin, kanamycin, and streptomycin. To determine whether or not the insensitivity is due to a lack of antibiotic distribution to the avian cochlea, the distrib...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339402200103
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer affects approximately 1 in 3 individuals. An individual's susceptibility to cancer is partly determined by environmental exposures and by the combination of inherited cancer susceptibility and resistance genes. Initial mapping of these low penetrance cancer susceptibility genes has been done in the mouse becaus...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/01926230490424716
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) from several classes of molecules are currently in drug development. Despite over 20 years of pharmaceutical research, few ASOs have been marketed due to problems with clinical efficacy or preclinical toxicologic challenges. However, a number of recent developments have renewed i...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0192623314551840
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An eosinophilic substance (ES) is usually observed in the mouse nasal septum. In contrast to textbooks and one report describing ES as amyloid, a previous study by the authors revealed that ES is not amyloid but consists of collagen and an amorphous material. Furthermore, it was suggested that the amorphous material w...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623310367805
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quinolone antibacterial agents have adverse effects on the musculoskeletal system in humans, consisting mainly of myalgia and arthralgia, and additionally of tendon disorders and rhabdomyolysis. The present study was conducted to examine the toxic effects of quinolones on the musculoskeletal system in juvenile rats us...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339702500615
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatic microsomal enzymes play an important role in thyroid hormone homeostasis. Glucuronidation of thyroxine is the rate limiting step in the biliary excretion of thyroxine in the rat; the monodeiodinases are important in the conversion of T4 to T3 and reverse T3 and subsequent deiodinations. Phenobarbital is known ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262338901700206
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Qualitative histopathology has been the gold standard for evaluation of morphological tissue changes in all organ systems, including the peripheral nervous system. However, the human eye is not sensitive enough to detect small changes in quantity or size. Peripheral nervous system toxicity can manifest as subtle chang...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623319854746
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The first part of this paper focuses on the secondary immunodeficiencies caused by immunosuppressive drugs and environmental chemicals. The mechanism of action and the therapeutic effects of azathioprine, glucocorticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporin A, and anticancer drugs will be discussed. The immunotoxic act...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262338701500310
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate pathogenesis of post-bile duct (BD) injury fibrosis, interlobular BD epithelial injury was induced in male F344 rats by a single IP injection of α-naphthylisothiocyanate (75 mg/kg body weight) and rats were observed for 12 days. On days 1 to 2, cholangiocytes were injured and desquamated. On days 3 to 5...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623311413790
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two-year toxicity studies were conducted on the widely used herbal products, goldenseal and milk thistle, in male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice. With goldenseal root powder, the primary finding was an increase in liver tumors in rats and mice, and with milk thistle extract, a decrease in spontaneous backgroun...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623310394211
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, susceptibility of CB6F1 mice carrying the human prototype c-Ha-ras gene (rasH2 mice) and p53 gene knockout mice (p53 (+/-) mice) to urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis was compared under the same experimental conditions. Both strains were administered 500 ppm urethane in their drinking water for...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230590908231
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Environmental pollutants, chemicals, and drugs have an impact on children's immune system development. Mexico City (MC) children exposed to significant concentrations of air pollutants exhibit chronic respiratory inflammation, systemic inflammation, neuroinflammation, and cognitive deficits. We tested the hypothesis t...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623308329340
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dose-response of diethylnitrosamine (DENA) initiation of hepatocarcinogenesis was determined in infant Balb/c male mice with and without subsequent phenobarbital treatment. Male Balb/c mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of DENA (0, 2.5, 10.0, 25.0 or 50.0 micrograms/gbw) in saline on day 15 of age. N...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262338801600310
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A compendium of carcinogenesis bioassay results organized by target organ is presented for 738 chemicals that are carcinogenic in chronic-exposure, long-term bioassays in at least 1 species. This compendium is based primarily on experiments in rats or mice; results in hamsters, monkeys, and dogs are also reported. The...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/019262301753385979
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, considerable attention has been focused on certain environmental contaminants--"endocrine disruptors"--of industrial origin that may mimic the action of sex hormones. Natural compounds and their effects on other types of hormonal activity (eg, on adrenal or thyroid function) have for some reason not provoked...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262330002800311
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, beta-catenin localization in hepatocellular neoplasms and hepatoblastomas, induced by oral administration of p-Nitroanisole (pNA) in Crj:BDF1 for 2 years, was evaluated by immunohistochemistry along with genetic alterations in exon 2 of beta-catenin by the polymerase chain reaction-single strand ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230600695474
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Novel biomarkers are often required in the preclinical development of biopharmaceuticals in order to characterize pharmacologic and toxicologic effects and to establish pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic relationships. Flow cytometry is uniquely suited for measurement of these biomarkers. Large numbers of single cell...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262339902700107
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The preclinical safety of RPR 106541, a novel 17-thiosteroid, was evaluated in young adult and mature dogs by inhalation exposure for 26 weeks and 52 weeks, respectively. A dry powder formulation of RPR 106541 in lactose was administered to young adult dogs (approximately 6 months of age at initiation) at doses of 0 (...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262330002800202
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 2019 annual National Toxicology Program Satellite Symposium, entitled "Pathology Potpourri," was held in Raleigh, North Carolina, at the Society of Toxicologic Pathology's 38th annual meeting. The goal of this symposium was to present and discuss challenging diagnostic pathology and/or nomenclature issues. This ar...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type:
doi:10.1177/0192623319876929
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 75 BALB/cStCrlfC3H/Nctr male weanling mice were administered either 0 or 250 ppm of 4 ethylsulfonylnaphthalene-1-sulfonamide (ENS) in the diet for periods up to 14 days to evaluate the early morphological changes of the transitional epithelium of the urinary bladder with scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262338601400302
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00