Abstract：
:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) represents a group of immunologically mediated lung disorders provoked by recurrent exposure to various environmental agents. HP is multifaceted and may mimic almost any interstitial lung disease, some infectious diseases,and even bronchiolar disorders. In the absence of a diagnostic gold standard,diagnosis of HP requires a combination of clinical, environmental, radiologic, physiologic,and pathologic findings that represent a diagnostic challenge for clinicians and-in the chronic form-even for experienced pathologists. Therapeutic approach includes avoiding further exposure and, depending on the clinical form, the administration of a course of prednisone. New anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and antifibrotic drugs are urgently needed for this and other interstitial lung diseases.
journal_name
Clin Chest Medjournal_title
Clinics in chest medicineauthors
Selman Mdoi
10.1016/j.ccm.2004.04.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-09-01 00:00:00pages
531-47, viissue
3eissn
0272-5231issn
1557-8216pii
S0272523104000450journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is commonly associated with pulmonary disease that can affect any anatomic compartment of the thorax. The most common intrathoracic manifestations of RA include interstitial lung disease, airway disease, pleural disease, rheumatoid nodules, and drug-induced toxicity. Patients with RA with tho...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2019.05.003
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Occupational and environmental exposures contribute to the development and progression of most lung diseases, yet their impact is greatly under-recognized in clinical practice. Clinicians caring for patients with respiratory diseases should maintain a high index of suspicion for occupational and environmental contribu...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2020.08.019
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Medications can significantly increase weight loss compared with placebo in most trials. In general, patients can expect a weight loss of 8% to 10% from baseline provided they adhere to the weight-loss program and take medications regularly. All medications have side effects that need to be considered before initiatin...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2009.05.014
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pneumonia, acute bronchitis, and sinusitis are common infections encountered by the pulmonary specialist. Such conditions are usually treated with antibiotics, and their use requires an understanding of their pharmacokinetic properties as well as their antimicrobial spectrum and adverse side effects. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The psychosocial assessment of applicants to the Toronto Lung Transplant Program provides the team with a variety of information including coping style; adjustment to illness; presence and management of psychiatric disorders; ability to adhere to medical recommendations; and available social support. This information ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The modern history of cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of continuous improvement. Guidelines and evidence-based medicine provide a general roadmap for directing improvement efforts. Data and measurement are central to quality improvement (QI), a way of keeping score and staying on track. This article describes the history ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2007.02.013
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The host response to microbial invasion in the lung must be sufficiently vigorous to allow for microbial eradication but appropriately controlled to prevent spillover of the response into the systemic circulation. Although inflammatory responses in pneumonia are generally compartmentalized, microbial and host factors ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2004.10.009
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blood gas analyses are an essential part of modern patient care. Although all blood gas instruments have pH, PCO2, and PO2 electrodes based on the same principles, instruments in current use vary greatly in design, operator dependence, and accuracy. For the clinician to obtain accurate and timely results there must be...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article assesses the role of pharmacotherapy in the management of respiratory muscle dysfunction. It focuses on two classes of drugs, the methylxanthines and the sympathomimetic agents. A prospective section focuses also on the particularities of the diaphragm among the skeletal striated muscles. In addition, a n...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pregnancy induces significant physiologic stresses on the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems that may precipitate respiratory compromise. In addition, certain disease states that are unique to the pregnant woman, such as amniotic fluid emboli syndrome, may be associated with respiratory failure. The physiologic chan...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2004.01.010
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews the basic pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the abnormal pulmonary gas exchange often seen in patients with cirrhosis. To summarize, the following keypoints seem appropriate: (1) Patients with cirrhosis have a low pulmonary vascular tone characterized by a poor or absent hypoxic pressor respo...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70298-7
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inhaled particles are cleared from the airways by ciliary transport of a discontinuous mucous layer. The effectiveness of this process depends on the viscoelastic properties of the secretion, which in turn depend on the composition and interaction of the glycoprotein constituents. In human airways, two major cell type...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The process of smoking cessation involves progression through five stages of change: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. Most patients are not prepared to take action on their smoking, yet most smoking cessation programs are designed for smokers who are so prepared. Small percentages...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pleural malignancies are ideal for novel therapeutic approaches because they are invariably fatal. Intrapleural (IP) chemotherapy has only marginal benefit in pleural malignancies, but may prove efficacious with hyperthermic chemotherapy administered in combination with maximal tumor debulking. IP immunotherapies may ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2013.04.007
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with diagnosed or suspected lung cancer first require appropriate staging and proven anatomic resectability. Excellent pre-operative spirometric data (FEV1 > 2.0 L, > 60% predicted) should recommend the patient for surgery immediately without further testing. Those whose preoperative FEV1 is less than 60% pre...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endobronchial ablative therapies, such as mechanical debulking, laser therapy, electrocautery, argon plasma coagulation, cryotherapy, brachytherapy, photodynamic therapy, microdebrider bronchoscopy, resector balloon deobstruction, and intratumoral chemotherapy, are performed through a rigid or flexible bronchoscope in...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2017.11.008
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selected occupational populations are at the highest risk of lung cancer, because they smoke at increased rates and are concurrently exposed to workplace lung carcinogens. Low-dose computed tomography (CT)-based lung cancer screening has an enormous potential to reduce lung cancer mortality in these populations, as sh...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2020.08.016
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cause and presentation of empyema thoraces has changed little since it was first described. The natural history of the disease can be divided into different stages. Different therapeutic measures, medical and surgical, are available for the treatment at various stages. The management of empyema is discussed, empha...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70086-1
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As recently as the 1992 Report of the American Thoracic Society Workshop on Lung Transplantation, no QOL facts were given and no knowledge gaps related to QOL outcomes were cited. Even at the present time, the information in that area is based on a relatively small set of preliminary reports. Current information indic...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70387-7
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are important emerging cystic fibrosis (CF) pathogens, with estimates of prevalence ranging from 6% to 13%. Diagnosis of NTM disease in patients with CF is challenging, as the infection may remain indolent in some, without evidence of clinical consequence, whereas other patients suffe...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2015.11.001
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traditionally, a subset of patients diagnosed as having idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis had positive results on cellular biopsies (prominent lymphoplasmacytic inflammation), bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytosis, a clinical response to steroids, and a better long-term prognosis. On review of the lung histopathology, the ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2011.11.003
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After half a century of clinical experience and research, management of pulmonary arterial hypertension remains a challenge. Currently, data to support the use of standard therapies for pulmonary arterial hypertension (oxygen supplementation, diuretics, digoxin, anticoagulation, and calcium channel blockers) are mostl...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2006.12.003
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite complete resection of what seems to be all evident tumor, one third to three quarters of patients with stages I and II NSCLC ultimately succumb to this neoplasm. Patients who are cured of an original NSCLC or small cell cancer remain at risk for a new primary lung cancer. Although the importance of lifelong su...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(03)00067-4
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pathologic conditions affecting the abdomen are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the intensive care unit, but their importance is not widely recognized. This article presents several aspects of abdominal pathology that can occur in intensive care unit patients. This pathology may have a considerable i...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70145-3
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since last reviewed in this forum, there have been remarkable advances in our understanding of the acute inflammatory process and how it contributes to the development of ALI. As stated in the beginning of this article, it is not possible to even begin to review all the specific advances that have been made. Instead, ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70159-3
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains controversial. The benefits of conventional treatment with corticosteroids plus either azathioprine or cyclophosphamide have not been established in randomized, controlled trials. Other treatment strategies have been suggested as understanding of the pathoge...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2005.08.004
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anticholinergic agents are useful bronchodilators, the use of which should not be overlooked in patients with airways diseases. In patients with stable asthma, they are not first-line therapy but may be valuable as adjunctive therapy. In status asthmaticus they add to the bronchodilatation achieved by adrenergic thera...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pleural effusions are a common clinical problem, yet the mechanisms of pleural fluid formation have only recently been investigated. In this article, the anatomy and physiology of the normal pleural space is discussed, as well as the pathophysiology of pleural effusion formation. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary function testing (PFT) is used extensively by pulmonary specialists to address two common clinical questions: (1) What is the risk of a postoperative pulmonary complication in an individual with lung disease? and (2) Will the patient be able to tolerate lung resection surgery? Today, there are numerous tests...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70061-7
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Photodynamic therapy is an investigational treatment of various types of carcinoma. It involves a photosensitizing agent which, when exposed to light of the proper wavelength, forms toxic oxygen radicals that result in cell death. This article describes its current use in the management of bronchogenic carcinoma. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
