Abstract：
:The immunohistochemical demonstration of reactive microglia and activated complement components suggests that chronic inflammation occurs in affected brain regions in Parkinson's disease (PD). Evidence from humans and monkeys exposed to MPTP indicates this inflammation may persist many years after the initial stimulus has disappeared. Chronic inflammation can damage host cells. Reports in the literature indicate that antiinflammatory agents inhibit dopaminergic cell death in animal models of PD, and there is one epidemiological report that their use significantly diminishes the risk of PD in humans. There is a marked elevation in the mRNA levels for complement proteins and markers of activated microglia in affected regions in PD. The upregulation appears greater than that found in inflamed arthritic joints. These data support the hypothesis that chronic inflammation may play an important role, if secondary, in the pathogenesis of PD.
journal_name
Parkinsonism Relat Disordjournal_title
Parkinsonism & related disordersauthors
McGeer PL,McGeer EGdoi
10.1016/j.parkreldis.2004.01.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-05-01 00:00:00pages
S3-7eissn
1353-8020issn
1873-5126pii
S1353802004000112journal_volume
10 Suppl 1pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：INTRODUCTION:Although the hallmark feature of essential tremor (ET) is tremor, there is growing appreciation that cognitive impairment also occurs, including increased prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and increased prevalence and incidence of dementia. With emerging knowledge of ET-cognitive impairment, co...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.02.038
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To demonstrate that degeneration of substantia nigra neurons may occur at later stages of disease in some patients with corticobasal syndrome (CBS) who evidenced preserved nigrostriatal pathway at a baseline FP-CIT SPECT study. BACKGROUND:Current pathological criteria for the definite diagnosis of corticobas...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2013.01.013
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of SPECT imaging using [(99m)Tc]TRODAT-1 (TRODAT), a relatively inexpensive technetium-labeled dopamine transporter ligand, in distinguishing 29 patients with early PD from 38 healthy volunteers. Mean TRODAT uptake values were significantly decreased in the caudate (p=0.0097) and a...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2004.04.002
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Tremor is a common feature of a variety of neurological disorders. In genetic studies of essential tremor (ET), investigators need to screen potential enrollees by mail or telephone to exclude those with other neurological conditions, especially dystonia. In clinical settings, the differentiation of ET and d...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.01.021
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Traditionally the risk of Parkinson's has been considered to increase monotonically with age, although there is evidence that prevalence and incidence may decrease in the oldest old. To examine this further we estimated the national prevalence and incidence of Parkinson's in New Zealand, using drug-tracing m...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.06.018
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Cognitive impairment can occur in the early phase of Parkinson's disease and increases the risk of developing dementia. Cognitive deficits were shown to be associated with functional alterations in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and caudate nucleus. Two previous transcranial magnetic stimulatio...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.07.006
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative stress has been reported as one of the pathogeneses of Parkinson's disease (PD). Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of the target genes involved in antioxidant pathway. The promoter polymorphisms of the Nrf2-encoding gene, NFE2L2, have b...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2012.10.018
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In patients with GTP-cyclohydrolase deficient dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) the occurrence of associated non-motor symptoms (NMS) is to be expected. Earlier studies report conflicting results with regard to the nature and severity of NMS. The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of psychiatric...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.10.005
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate the frequency and the different types of psychiatric disturbances in PSP patients using validated psychiatric instruments. METHODS:We conducted a case-control study using the Structured Clinical Interview (SCID-I) for DSM-IV to investigate psychiatric disorders in 28 PSP patients and 28 age a...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.05.015
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tardive syndromes (TS) encompass a broad spectrum of abnormal movements due to chronic exposure to dopamine receptor blocking agents. This review provides a compiled update on TS, including phenomenology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, genetic correlations and therapeutics, highlighting the emerging experience with at...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S1353-8020(13)70028-2
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied daytime sleepiness in 160 patients with Parkinson's disease and 40 normal subjects. We compared the prevalence of daytime sleepiness in patients who were taking levodopa alone, levodopa with bromocriptine, levodopa with ropinirole, and levodopa with pramipexole. We found that (1) all these anti-Parkinson dr...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1353-8020(00)00076-6
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hallucinations are a frequent and severe complication in Parkinson's disease (PD). Minor hallucinations are generally not disturbing, but likely progress to well-structured hallucinations with loss of insight and a great impact on quality of life. Knowledge on the neural bases of minor hallucinations may hel...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2013.11.017
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In Parkinson's disease (PD), abnormalities of speech rate have been observed in spontaneous speech, reading tasks and syllable repetition tasks. Impaired temporal speech patterns have been contributed to dysfunctional basal ganglia circuits, but little is known about a possible differential role of right and...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2011.11.021
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors report one case of parkinsonism associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): a 45-year-old woman, who presented with a strategic infarct of the right substance nigra secondary to vasculitis, and contralateral symptoms. Other causes of parkinsonism were excluded. She had a partial response to therapy...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2007.08.001
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Non-motor symptoms (NMS) are common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and cause significant distress. A high rate of non-declaration of NMS by patients to healthcare providers (HCP) means that many NMS remain untreated. Current understanding of the factors preventing disclosure of NMS to HCPs is limited. The prese...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.04.014
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Conventional outcome measures (COMs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) refer to rating scales, questionnaires, patient diaries and clinically-based tests that do not require specialized equipment. METHODS:It is timely at this juncture - as clinicians and researchers begin to grapple with the "invasion" of digital...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.07.029
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Visual hallucinations are an important non-motor complication of Parkinson's disease (PD) and carry a negative prognosis. Their biological basis is uncertain, but may relate to the activity of resting state networks in brain. We therefore aimed to investigate functional activity of brain in patients with vis...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.11.020
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This preliminary study aimed to analyse the roll-off of the foot during gait before and after implantation of a unilateral pallidal electrode in severely affected patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Five subjects were tested in a gait laboratory during the "on" phase of the medication cycle. Spatiotemporal variabl...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1353-8020(98)00038-8
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:While metals have been implicated in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD), the clinical evidence is scarce. Further, the contribution of metals for the risk or clinical presentation of PD remains to be explored. METHODS:To investigate the associations between the level of metals in blood serum ...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.05.022
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serotonin (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter released throughout the brain. The serotonergic system is implicated in a host of neuropsychiatric disorders including, but not limited to, Parkinson's disease and L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. These are pathological and drug-induced states that center on dysfunction of th...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S1353-8020(11)70040-2
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Germline silencing of the PD-related protein LRRK2 does not alter glutamate or dopamine release in adult mice, but some exploratory abnormalities have been reported with ageing. Contrastingly, high levels of human LRRK2 cause locomotor alterations and cognitive deficits accompanied by reduced striatal dopa...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2015.07.025
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although orthostatic hypotension (OH) is recognized as one of the main non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), there is inconsistent evidence about the prevalence of OH in PD. To estimate the prevalence of OH in PD more precisely we conducted a systematic review of the literature. METHODS:From PubMe...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2011.04.016
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several forms of autosomal recessive parkinsonism are known. In three forms, caused by mutations in parkin (PARK2), PINK1 (PARK6), or DJ-1 (PARK7), the phenotype is usually characterized by levodopa-responsive parkinsonism without atypical features. Parkin mutations are most frequent, explaining -50% of the cases with...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S1353-8020(11)70004-9
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Gait and balance impairments are cardinal features of Parkinson's disease (PD) that require cognitive input. However, the extent to which specific gait and balance characteristics relate to cognition in PD is unclear. In addition, independent models of gait and balance have not been developed from the same...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.06.014
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Survival in patients with Parkinson's disease is reduced as compared to the general population. We aimed to identify motor and non-motor features that predict mortality in Parkinson's disease. METHODS:A broad range of motor and non-motor features were assessed in a hospital-based cohort of 414 patients with...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.02.030
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD). Optimization of DBS settings can be a challenge due to the number of variables that must be considered, including presence of multiple motor signs, side effects, and battery life. METHODS:Nine PD subjects visited the ...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2015.01.018
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sex-linked dystonia parkinsonism (XDP) was reported by Lee et al. in 1975 occurring endemically in Panay, Philippines. It is an adult onset, sex-linked, predominantly male, severe, progressive movement disorder with high penetrance and a high frequency of generalization. The movement disorder is characterized by dysto...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1353-8020(02)00042-1
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:IPX066, an investigational extended-release carbidopa-levodopa (CD-LD) preparation, has demonstrated a rapid attainment and prolonged maintenance of therapeutic LD plasma concentrations in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). This phase-3 crossover study assessed its efficacy and safety vs. CD-LD plus entacapo...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.08.004
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of the Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPeD) in Multiple System Atrophy (MSA), Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) and Essential Tremor (ET) and in a group of healthy subjects. METHODS:patients affected by MSA, PSP and ET diagnosed according to cu...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.06.015
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:There is an unmet need to better control motor complications in Parkinson's disease (PD). Naftazone, which exhibits glutamate release inhibition properties, has shown antiparkinsonian and antidyskinetic activity in preclinical models of PD and in a clinical proof of concept study. METHODS:We conducted a d...
journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.10.005
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
