Modeling the internal dynamics of energy and mass transfer in an imperfectly mixed ventilated airspace.

abstract：UNLABELLED:  Ingestion of indoor dust has been acknowledged as an important route of exposure to organic contaminants (OCs). We investigated the presence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs), organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and ...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Ali N,Van den Eede N,Dirtu AC,Neels H,Covaci A

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Early-life exposure to microbial agents may play a protective role in asthma and allergies development. Geographical differences in the prevalence of these diseases exist, but the differences in early-life indoor microbial agent levels and their determinants have been hardly studied. We aimed to describe the...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Casas L,Tischer C,Wouters IM,Valkonen M,Gehring U,Doekes G,Torrent M,Pekkanen J,Garcia-Esteban R,Hyvärinen A,Heinrich J,Sunyer J

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tuberculosis (TB) remains the airborne infection of global importance, although many environmental interventions to control TB apply to influenza and other infections with airborne potential. This review focuses on the global problem and the current state of available environmental interventions. TB transmission is fa...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Nardell EA

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper characterizes the relationship between occupant activities and indoor air particulate levels in a non-smoking office building. Occupant activities were recorded on video. Particulate concentrations were monitored by three optical particle counters (OPCs) in five size ranges at three heights. Particulate mas...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Luoma M,Batterman SA

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Air movement--good or bad? The question can only be answered by those who are exposed when they are exposed. Human perception of air movement depends on environmental factors including air velocity, air velocity fluctuations, air temperature, and personal factors such as overall thermal sensation and activit...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Toftum J

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carbon monoxide (CO) alarms are extensively used in domestic premises in the UK to help protect against CO poisoning. Their expected lifetime has been increasing, and some current models now have a replacement period of more than 6 years under normal operation. However, concerns have been expressed as to the reliabili...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Naylor S,Walsh PT,Dowker KP

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We sought to investigate the association between active cigarette smoking (ex- and current smokers) with or without exposure to biomass fuels and respiratory symptoms/lung function in middle-aged adults and the elderly. In the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease surveillance conducted in six cities of Guangdong prov...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Zheng XY,Li ZL,Li C,Guan WJ,Li LX,Xu YJ

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Indoor exposures to allergens, mold spores, and endotoxin have been suggested as etiological agents of asthma; therefore, accurate determination of those exposures, especially in young children (6-36 months), is important for understanding the development of asthma. Because use of personal sampling equipment...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Wang Z,Shalat SL,Black K,Lioy PJ,Stambler AA,Emoekpere OH,Hernandez M,Han T,Ramagopal M,Mainelis G

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Moisture accumulation in building structures, the microbial ecology of water-damaged sites and human exposure to biological contaminants are complex phenomena and may result in various types of indoor air pollution and adverse health outcomes. Commonly reported are building-related irritation symptoms, respi...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Nevalainen A,Seuri M

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:This paper presents the experimental and numerical modeling of contaminant dispersion in a full-scale environmental chamber with different room air distribution systems. For the experimental modeling, an area source with uniform emissions of a hypothetical contaminant (SF6) from the entire floor surface is d...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： He G,Yang X,Srebric J

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We determined the moisture levels, relative humidity (RH) or moisture content (MC) of materials, and concentrations of culturable fungi, actinomycetes and total spores as well as a composition of fungal flora in 122 building material samples collected from 18 moisture problem buildings. The purpose of this work was to...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Pasanen AL,Rautiala S,Kasanen JP,Raunio P,Rantamäki J,Kalliokoski P

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:In Japan, organophosphate and polybrominated flame retardants are used in building materials and electric appliances to protect them from fire hazards. In this study, to identify the emission sources of these flame retardants to indoor air, the migration rates (flux) of organophosphate and polybrominated fla...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Saito I,Onuki A,Seto H

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Outdoor traffic-related airborne particles can infiltrate a building and adversely affect the indoor air quality. Limited information is available on the effectiveness of high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration of traffic-related particles. Here, we investigated the effectiveness of portable HEPA air cleaner...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Cox J,Isiugo K,Ryan P,Grinshpun SA,Yermakov M,Desmond C,Jandarov R,Vesper S,Ross J,Chillrud S,Dannemiller K,Reponen T

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:A comparison study of novel collection methods for airborne bacteria and endotoxin was performed in an environmentally controlled chamber and in pilot-field studies. Airborne particulate matter was collected in swirling liquid impingers, air-monitoring filter cassettes, and with a micro-orifice uniform depos...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Kujundzic E,Hernandez M,Miller SL

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to identify determinants of aldehyde and volatile organic compound (VOC) indoor air concentrations in a sample of more than 140 office rooms, in the framework of the European OFFICAIR research project. A large field campaign was performed, which included (a) the air sampling of aldehydes and ...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Spinazzè A,Campagnolo D,Cattaneo A,Urso P,Sakellaris IA,Saraga DE,Mandin C,Canha N,Mabilia R,Perreca E,Mihucz VG,Szigeti T,Ventura G,de Oliveira Fernandes E,de Kluizenaar Y,Cornelissen E,Hänninen O,Carrer P,Wolkoff P

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:This paper reports the abundance in indoor air and dust of eleven organophosphate esters and six phthalate esters. Both groups of these semi-volatile compounds are widely incorporated as additives into plastic materials used in the indoor environment, thus contributing to indoor exposure to industrial chemic...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Bergh C,Torgrip R,Emenius G,Ostman C

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Traditionally, houses in the US have been ventilated by passive infiltration in combination with active window opening. However in recent years, the construction quality of residential building envelopes has been improved to reduce infiltration, and the use of windows for ventilation also may have decreased due to a n...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Sherman MH,Hodgson AT

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is inappropriate to use the assumption of instantaneously well-mixed zones to model airflows and pollutant transport in large indoor spaces. We investigate two approaches for describing the details of airflows in large indoor spaces, for accuracy and suitability for integration with multi-zone infiltration models. ...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Mora L,Gadgil AJ,Wurtz E

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:This study examined five schools with different ventilation systems in both urban and rural areas in South Texas. Total particle number concentration, ultrafine particle (UFP, diameter < 100 nm) size distribution, PM(2.5) , and CO(2) were measured simultaneously inside and outside of various school microenvi...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Zhang Q,Zhu Y

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is produced from the exhausts of vehicles and gas appliances and is known to pose certain health risks. In this study, we characterize the exposure to this substance during the first year of life, which is an important period of development. To this end, we used passive samplers to mea...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Esplugues A,Ballester F,Estarlich M,Llop S,Fuentes V,Mantilla E,Iñiguez C

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inhalation of (222) Rn (radon) decay products is one of the most important reasons for lung cancer after smoking. Stony building materials are an important source of indoor radon. This article describes the determination of the exhalation rate of stony construction materials by the use of commercially available me...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Richter M,Jann O,Kemski J,Schneider U,Krocker C,Hoffmann B

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:The aim of this experiment was to test if healthy persons respond to exposures to normal office dust with objective or subjective effects in a dose-related way. If they did, the importance of their personal characteristics should be investigated. This paper presents the results related to respiratory effects...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Mølhave L,Kjaergaard SK,Attermann J

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:A cross-sectional study was carried out at Tianjin University campus, China, from February 21 to June10, 2006, to survey the association between dampness in dorms and allergy and airways infection among college students. The health and dampness condition were self-reported by 3436 students living in 1511 dor...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Sun Y,Zhang Y,Sundell J,Fan Z,Bao L

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was carried out using various materials (carpet, gypsum board, upholstery, vinyl and wood flooring, acoustic tiles, and fruit) that were exposed to eight gaseous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (isopropanol, MTBE, cyclohexane, toluene, ethylbenzene, tetrachloroethene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, and 1,2,4-trichl...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Won D,Corsi RL,Rynes M

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:In this paper, a method is developed to assess the performance of adsorptive building materials that are used for reducing indoor pollutant concentrations. Mass transfer has a great influence on the materials' performance. To control the mass transfer rate precisely in the performance test, the authors have ...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Ataka Y,Kato S,Murakami S,Zhu Q,Ito K,Yokota T

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The knowledge of exposure to the airborne particle emitted from three-dimensional (3D) printing activities is becoming a crucial issue due to the relevant spreading of such devices in recent years. To this end, a low-cost desktop 3D printer based on fused deposition modeling (FDM) principle was used. Particle number, ...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Stabile L,Scungio M,Buonanno G,Arpino F,Ficco G

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cross-sectional studies have shown that exposure to indoor moisture damage and mold may be associated with subclinical inflammation. Our aim was to determine whether early age exposure to moisture damage or mold is prospectively associated with subclinical systemic inflammation or with immune responsiveness in later c...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Karvonen AM,Tischer C,Kirjavainen PV,Roponen M,Hyvärinen A,Illi S,Mustonen K,Pfefferle PI,Renz H,Remes S,Schaub B,von Mutius E,Pekkanen J

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Indoor air organic compounds were continuously monitored during 3 years in new and older homes which were voluntarily selected throughout countries. The levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the new homes decreased markedly after 1 year, and steady emissions of VOCs were obtained in the initial mont...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Park JS,Ikeda K

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has not yet been possible to quantify dose-related health risks attributable to indoor dampness or mold (D/M), to support setting specific health-related limits for D/M. An overlooked target for assessing D/M is moisture in building materials, the critical factor allowing microbial growth. A search for studies of q...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Mendell MJ,Macher JM,Kumagai K

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Meteorological factors such as relative humidity directly correlate with airborne fungal levels outdoors and indoors. While dehumidification alone is effective at reducing moisture necessary for mold growth, it is inadequate as a single intervention as it does not remove viable and non-viable fungal spores t...

journal_title：Indoor air

authors： Bernstein JA,Levin L,Crandall MS,Perez A,Lanphear B

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00