Abstract:
UNLABELLED:This paper reports the abundance in indoor air and dust of eleven organophosphate esters and six phthalate esters. Both groups of these semi-volatile compounds are widely incorporated as additives into plastic materials used in the indoor environment, thus contributing to indoor exposure to industrial chemicals. Thirty sampling sites representing three different indoor environments (private homes, day care centers, and workplaces) in the Stockholm area, Sweden, were selected to obtain representative concentration profiles in both ambient air and settled dust. Eight of the target organophosphate esters and all six phthalate esters were found in both air and dust samples at all locations. The phthalate esters were more abundant than the organophosphate esters, typically ten times higher total concentrations. Especially interesting were the high levels of tributoxyethyl phosphate in the day care centers, the relatively high levels of chlorinated organophosphate esters in the air of workplaces and the overall high levels of diethylhexyl phthalate in dust. The air concentration profiles of the phosphate esters differed significantly between the three indoor environments, whereas the concentration profiles of the phthalate esters as well as their total concentrations were similar. The correlation between concentrations found in air and in dust was found to be weak. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS:Organophosphate esters and phthalate esters are commonly used as additives in numerous building materials and consumer products. The use of these compounds is increasing, and phosphate and phthalate esters are to be regarded as ubiquitous contaminants in the indoor environment. These compounds comprise a number of different compounds that have been associated with biologic effects in animal studies as well as in humans. Thus, it is of concern to increase the knowledge about human exposure of these compounds because of their presence in indoor air. In this paper, thirty indoor environments have been surveyed with respect to seventeen of the most abundant of these compounds.
journal_name
Indoor Airjournal_title
Indoor airauthors
Bergh C,Torgrip R,Emenius G,Ostman Cdoi
10.1111/j.1600-0668.2010.00684.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-02-01 00:00:00pages
67-76issue
1eissn
0905-6947issn
1600-0668journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
INDOOR AIR文献大全abstract::Thermal stratification is established when warmer air rises and cooler air descends under thermal buoyancy. It occurs in indoor environment situations including large warehouse-type buildings, buoyancy-driven ventilated spaces with displacement, underfloor ventilation, and/or natural ventilation, and enclosure fires w...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12520
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of the dust from heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) filters is a promising long-term sampling method to characterize airborne particle-bound contaminants. This filter forensics (FF) approach provides valuable insights about differences between buildings, but does not allow for an estimation of ...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12536
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although many U.S. children spend time in child care, little information exists on exposures to airborne particulate matter (PM) in this environment, even though PM may be associated with asthma and other respiratory illness, which is a key concern for young children. To address this data gap, we measured ultrafine pa...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/ina.12408
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper characterizes the relationship between occupant activities and indoor air particulate levels in a non-smoking office building. Occupant activities were recorded on video. Particulate concentrations were monitored by three optical particle counters (OPCs) in five size ranges at three heights. Particulate mas...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0668.2001.011001035.x
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed 45 multifamily buildings (240 apartments) from Finland and 20 (96 apartments) from Lithuania, out of which 37 buildings in Finland and 15 buildings in Lithuania underwent energy retrofits. Building characteristics, retrofit activities, and energy consumption data were collected, and Indoor Air Quality (IAQ...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12555
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration in combination with an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) can be a cost-effective approach to reducing indoor particulate exposure, but ESPs produce ozone. The health effect of combined ESP-HEPA filtration has not been examined. We conducted an intervention study in 89 v...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12447
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study involved the development of a model for evaluating the potential costs and benefits of ozone control by activated carbon filtration in single-family homes. The modeling effort included the prediction of indoor ozone with and without activated carbon filtration in the HVAC system. As one application, the mod...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12220
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endotoxin was measured in air and dust samples collected during four commercial aircraft flights. Samples were analyzed for endotoxin biological activity using the Limulus assay. 3-hydroxy fatty acids (3-OH FA) of carbon chain lengths C10:0-C18:0 were determined in dust by gas chromatography-ion trap tandem mass spect...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0668.2003.00175.x
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report results of analysis of a month-long measurement of indoor air and environment quality parameters in one gym during sporting activities such as football, basketball, volleyball, badminton, boxing, and fitness. We have determined an average single person's contribution to the increase of temperature, humidity,...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12226
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mechanistic model that considers particle dynamics and their effects on surface emissions and sorptions was developed to predict the fate and transport of phthalates in indoor environments. A controlled case study was conducted in a test house to evaluate the model. The model-predicted evolving concentrations of ben...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12514
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The aim of this experiment was to test if healthy persons respond to exposures to normal office dust with objective or subjective effects in a dose-related way. If they did, the importance of their personal characteristics should be investigated. This paper presents the results related to respiratory effects...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00252.x
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:In this study, single-particle characterization of aerosol particles collected at an underground shopping area was performed for the first time. A quantitative single-particle analytical technique, low-Z particle electron probe X-ray microanalysis, was used to characterize a total of 7900 individual particle...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2010.00677.x
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The effects of the human convective boundary layer (CBL), room airflow patterns, and their velocities on personal exposure are examined. Two pollutants are studied which simulate particles released from the feet and generated at distances of 2 and 3 m by a human cough. A thermal manikin whose body shape, siz...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12177
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to measure in French children personal exposure concentrations of black carbon (BC) and ultrafine particles (UFP) and to quantify the contribution of different microenvironments (home, school, places of extracurricular activities, transport) to their total exposure. It was conducted on 96 9-year-old c...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12358
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this study were (i) to assess the determinants that affect concentrations of the bacterial cell wall components 3-hydroxy fatty acids (3-OH FAs) and muramic acid and of total viable bacteria and actinomycetes in house dust; and (ii) to examine the seasonal variation and reproducibility of these bacte...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12141
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the context of airborne infection control, it is critical that the ventilation system is able to extract the contaminated exhaled air within the shortest possible time. To minimize the spread of contaminated air exhaled by occupants efficiently, a novel personalized ventilation (PV)-personalized exhaust (PE) system...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12127
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our study conducts a series of investigations in five office buildings chosen according to the types of construction, ventilation, and building age. Formaldehyde was measured by continuous photoacoustic Multi-Gas monitor Type 1302 (Brüel & Kjaer). The 8-h average concentrations in working hours were used to estimate t...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2003.00205.x
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports the comparison of three measuring methods for quantifying the amount of dust on the inner surface of ventilation ducts: 1) a vacuum test method; 2) a gravimetric tape method; and 3) an optical method. Thirteen recently constructed buildings were selected for the field test in the Helsinki metropolit...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0668.2002.120106.x
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Meteorological factors such as relative humidity directly correlate with airborne fungal levels outdoors and indoors. While dehumidification alone is effective at reducing moisture necessary for mold growth, it is inadequate as a single intervention as it does not remove viable and non-viable fungal spores t...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2005.00379.x
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined the moisture levels, relative humidity (RH) or moisture content (MC) of materials, and concentrations of culturable fungi, actinomycetes and total spores as well as a composition of fungal flora in 122 building material samples collected from 18 moisture problem buildings. The purpose of this work was to...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0668.2000.010002111.x
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traditionally, houses in the US have been ventilated by passive infiltration in combination with active window opening. However in recent years, the construction quality of residential building envelopes has been improved to reduce infiltration, and the use of windows for ventilation also may have decreased due to a n...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1600-0668.2003.00188.x
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Airtight construction and high-performance thermal insulation materials are commonly considered important building features to enhance indoor thermal comfort while reducing thermal load. However, when water vapor is generated in such airtight indoor spaces, it cannot be discharged to the outside, causing interstitial ...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12622
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Available studies indicate that indoor air pollution (IAP) from household cooking and space heating apparently causes substantial ill-health in developing countries where the majority of households rely on solid fuels (coal or biomass as wood, crop residues, and dung), but there are many remaining uncertainties. To pi...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0668.2002.01137.x
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A portion of electronic equipment failures is a consequence of particle deposition on electronic circuits in normal indoor environments. Deposited hygroscopic particles reduce the electrical isolation (EI) between conductors. In laboratory experiments, we investigated the mechanisms, locations, and effects of particle...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0668.2000.010001047.x
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Fumes produced during frying have been implicated as a potential cause for the increased incidence of adenocarcinoma. Particulate matter exposure has also been linked with other pulmonary and coronary disease. This study investigated the contribution of frying in residential settings to ultrafine and fine pa...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2008.00551.x
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Occupants of aircraft have reported an array of symptoms related to general discomfort and irritation. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been suggested to contribute to the reported symptoms. VOCs are from products used, bioeffluents from people and oxidation reaction products. Thirty-six healthy, young female su...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12392
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Portable air cleaners are increasingly used in polluted areas in an attempt to reduce human exposure; however, there has been limited work characterizing their effectiveness at reducing exposure. With this in mind, we recruited forty-three children with asthma from suburban Shanghai and deployed air cleaners (with HEP...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12716
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Energy-efficient building refurbishment has the aim of saving energy and thus reducing CO2 emissions. Increased energy efficiency of a building often implies reduced air exchange. Together with other indoor air quality problems, this may lead to an increase in indoor radon concentration (Rn-222). In order to investiga...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12553
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:In this paper, a method is developed to assess the performance of adsorptive building materials that are used for reducing indoor pollutant concentrations. Mass transfer has a great influence on the materials' performance. To control the mass transfer rate precisely in the performance test, the authors have ...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00316.x
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aims to develop an approach to couple a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver to the University of California, Berkeley (UCB) thermal comfort model to accurately evaluate thermal comfort. The coupling was made using an iterative JavaScript to automatically transfer data for each individual segment of th...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12451
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00